• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2000

This paper presents a direction that can help PC sales manager establish more effective marketing strategy by understanding how they get information on the products and what they consider most when the consumers purchase personal Computer. The survey was conducted on the two groups of OSAN College students classified according to their computer handling skill. Frequency analysis has shown that consumers largely got information on the products through word of mouth of friends or family members rather than mass media advertisement. And factor analysis has shown that consumers consider the qualify of after service has brand name most when they buy PC. Particularly, the consumers who are good at dealing with PC are more concerned with the quality of after service, brand name, salesman's kindness and delivery-installation than the ones having poor PC skills are. This survey results indicate that PC sales managers need to set up different marketing strategies in accordance with the consumer's PC utilizing capability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine influence of interior landscape in commercial spaces on the management benefit. In the course of this study, objects of survey were selected from interior landscaping specialist, manager and consumer who had experiences to visit to the hotel, bank, department store and restaurant. The main method of data collection was interview, questions and gathering materials. The cronbach's alphas program was used to measure the reliability of likert scales. The analysis program was applied a statistical methods. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: The factors considered by consumer who visits to the commercial space are design, interior landscape, traffic, parking capacity, cleanness, price, kindness of employee and event. Factors concerned with the product include branch size, traffic, parking capacity, kindness of employee. Factors concerned with facilities include branch size, traffic, parking capacity, kindness of employee. Major factors of those effects to management benefit are accessibility, time of stay, sales, efficiency of space, attractiveness and difference. In conclusion, overlap style gets the highest degree of satisfaction among total factors. Results of the survey show that factors which improve sales are overlap style and planter type. Among four commercial spaces, hotel is most effected by interior landscape. To enhance the sales of hotel, further study of interior landscape about hotel necessary. For bank and restaurant, further study of economic planter type and style is necessary. For department store, optimal use of spaces and case of maintenance are necessary.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.196-219
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• 2021

Purpose - We attempted to empirically verify the effects of managerial attributes on cost stickiness in exporters. Exporters are often affected not only by external factors such as exchange rate but also by internal factors such as managerial attributes regarding their business activities. Because cost stickiness is the product of a manager's decision-making, it has been considered that managerial attributes have a great influence on the behavior. Therefore, our study was intended to find out whether cost stickiness shows differentiated aspects depending on managerial attributes in exporters. Design/methodology - We considered two managerial attributes: CEO power and managerial overconfidence. First, CEO power was measured as CEO pay slice. In addition, managerial overconfidence was measured based on three methodologies presented by previous studies. To measure cost stickiness, we used multiple methodologies presented by prior research. Findings - The results of our empirical analysis are as follows. First, in export firms, the greater CEO power is, the greater cost stickiness is. This result suggested that export managers with great influence little respond to temporary sales decrease promptly, little reduce related production costs flexibly in preparation for future sales recovery, but leave room to endure costs for idle resources. Second, the greater managerial overconfidence is, the greater cost stickiness is. This result indicated that export managers with great overconfidence on their decision-making often view the prospect for sales recovery positively; therefore, they little respond to temporary sales decrease immediately, little reduce related production costs flexibly for future sales recovery, but leave room to endure costs for idle resources. Third, export managers with great influence in their businesses and great overconfidence in their decision-making tend to show relatively great cost stickiness. The results proposed that the combination of the two factors functions to make cost stickiness greater. Originality/value - Our study is differentiated from extant studies in that we provided empirical evidence of the effects of managerial attributes on their business activities in exporters. Specifically, we verified the effects of managerial attributes on cost stickiness in Korean exporters. The results of our study are expected to contribute to providing useful information for exporters and start-ups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.423-431
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• 2019

This study examines the effect of the liability limitation provision (LLP) adoption on firm's cost behavior. In April 2011, Korea introduced the LLP with the purpose of improving the management efficiency by mitigating the risks caused by the manager's failure to make decisions related to business operation. However, there are concerns that the adoption of LLP may lead the manager's moral hazard, so the need for empirical research to verify the effect of the LLP adoption is emphasized. In this study, we analyze the effect of the LLP adoption empirically, focusing on the cost behavior that is affected by the manager's decision making. From the empirical result, we find that LLP adopted companies have strengthened the cost stickiness of selling, general, and administrative costs rather than non-adopted companies. This suggests that the manager of LLP adopted company makes a more active decision to consider adjusting costs in order to prepare for future recovery in sales when sales is reduced. This study presents empirical evidence to prove the policy validity of the adoption of LLP, and we expect that our results can contribute to the capital market and academia.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.149-182
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• 2007

This study examines the determinants of the long-run stock price performance of the firms that granted stock options between 1997 and 2002. We divide the sample into the firms run by the owner and those run by the professional manager. If the primary reason for granting stock options is reduction of the agency costs between the manager and shareholders, the effect of stock options is likely to be more pronounced in the firms run by the professional manager. We find that the long-run abnormal returns of the firms run by the professional manager are negatively associated with the shareholdings by the manager and the book-to-market value and are positively associated with the earnings growth and the size of the outstanding stock options. In contrast, the long-run abnormal returns of the firms run by the owner are negatively associated with the cash flows rate and the sales growth rate and are positively associated with the firm size. This is consistent with the argument that the agency costs arising from the conflicts between the manager and shareholders are an important determinant of the post-stock option granting long-run stock price performance only in the firms run by the professional manager. The results also suggest that stock options in the firms run by the owner are likely to be used for the purposes such as additional compensation, a signaling device, a means that reduce the agency costs within firms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.100-107
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of corporate international diversification on cost stickiness. A cost behavior that indicates a lower rate of cost reduction when the volume of sales decreases than the rate of cost increase when the volume of sales is increased is called cost stickiness. This cost behavior is caused by decisions made by considering the adjusting costs of the manager, and for corporate international diversification, the decision making on the adjustment cost of the manager has been reduced by the offsetting accruals hypothesis. From the empirical results, we observed that the cost stickiness of international diversified companies decreases. It is expected to contribute to the capital market and academia by identifying whether corporate international diversification can have a significant impact on management decision making related to costs.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.161-176
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• 2015

The significance of upgrading current certification service for customer center manager and counsellor in Korea Call Center Information Research Center-affiliated Call Center College is dramatically increasing due to steady applicants for the last few years, while there is a need to expand the numbers of applicants with a new channel. This paper has suggested the directions for developing IBT system to hold a dominant position in the certification business industry. Providing IBT channel, mainly base upon internet and utilizing various IT infra for the PCCM (Preliminary Customer Center Manager)/CCCM (Certified Customer Center Manager), will increase the convenience of taking qualification exams for customer center managers and improve competitiveness in qualification certification business industry. Specifically, this study reviews overview of industry trends of domestic and overseas, success cases of test services, service model and methods of on-line test, and short and long term analysis of the domestic and overseas markets.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

This study intend to make easy modification, even if there is a new job or structure change, by modularizing program and computerize and automation of production control management used in CIM. under the condition where manager control production on the job-site, for increasing connection with other operation and management on the computer by monitoring center computer, recognizing information by computer is needed, it is possible by converting transaction. So this study goal is to make delivery control and order control fast and accurate by finding dynamic history of machine and production information in enterprise without input production and quality information by themselves with quality information system. So production increase and quality improvement are possible by diminishing manager's and producer's work with the result of the study combining POP and CIM, after that, in e-business and m-business period that every enterprise must pass, customer satisfaction and sales promotion are possible with employee's computerizing minds. these study result also can knowledge process condition with theoretical class and have a power in finding a solution with foundation of theoretical knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.269-284
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting performance of casual wear franchise stores including franchiser support and social network between owners/managers. The study included the franchise stores of 55 casual wear brands located in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi-do. In each store, one manager, owner or staff member with management responsibility was asked to fill out a questionnaire. A total of 184 questionnaires were collected with 165 used in the final analysis. The results showed that franchiser support consisted of educational support, marketing support and customer support. Path analysis indicated that only the educational support had a significant influence on the franchiser-franchise relationship, and in turn, the franchiser-franchise relationship positively influenced customer performance. Marketing support did not have a significant influence on the franchiser-franchise relationship, but did demonstrate a direct influence on customer performance. Social networks positively influenced customer performance, and there was significant a correlation between regions and social networks on customer performance. Sales performance was significantly influenced by customer performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2016

This study explains about a phenomenon where the structure of the compensation plan for a single salesperson may vary as he/she gains experience. Unlike past studies that implicitly assume the limited effect on salesperson's experience, our result predicts that a salesperson will make an effort at every period early in his/her career without any commissions in order to gain experience. However, if one cannot expect any marginal returns of accumulated efforts, the sales manager must provide commissions on the high volume of sales at each period, to facilitate a high effort of a salesforce at earlier periods. Our paper provides important implications about dynamics in the compensation plan, which has not been addressed in the past studies but has frequently been witnessed in practice.