• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-136
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• 2015

Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are products of condensed ethylene oxide and water that can have various derivatives and functions. Since many PEG types are hydrophilic, they are favorably used as penetration enhancers, especially in topical dermatological preparations. PEGs, together with their typically nonionic derivatives, are broadly utilized in cosmetic products as surfactants, emulsifiers, cleansing agents, humectants, and skin conditioners. The compounds studied in this review include PEG/PPG-17/6 copolymer, PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil. Overall, much of the data available in this review are on PEGylated oils (PEG-40 and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oils), which were recommended as safe for use in cosmetics up to 100% concentration. Currently, PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate and PEGylated oils are considered safe for cosmetic use according to the results of relevant studies. Additionally, PEG/PPG-17/6 copolymer should be further studied to ensure its safety as a cosmetic ingredient.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.29-40
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• 2006

Everybody may be vulnerable to fires depending on the time, place, and circumstances. Fire statistics show that the occurrence of fire death depends not only on the severity of a fire itself, but also largely on the conditions of occupants such as physical functions, the environment around occupants, and the type of facility where are fire occurs. The review of fire safety from the viewpoint of vulnerable populations does not simply mean additional special attention and care only to high risk groups, but instead it means significant review of fire safety design and systems for all people from a more universal standpoint. Therefore, in order to examine the strategies of a fire death-reduction program, safety measures suitable for the relevant high-risk groups considering the type of vulnerable person, the type of fire, and the type of building in residential occupancies. Solutions will require strenuous multilateral effort and flexibility.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

In this study, using the synetics technique for strategies by making unfamiliarity into familiarity in the case of 911 terrorism. This study has meaningful messages for citizens and firefighters' illness caused by disaster sites in the field of disaster management in Korea. There are 7 stages to explain cause of a variety of cancers happening to citizens and firefighters in this study. The 7 stages are composed of real situation, direct analogies, personal analogies, symbolic analogies, new direct analogies, and review. This synetics will contribute to providing better ideas for citizens and firefighters' physical and mental health conditions.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 2018

In the personalized medicine era, utilizing paraffin blocks in pathology archives for investigating human diseases has come into the limelight. This archived material with clinical data will reduce the research time and could prevent new patient recruitment to obtain tissue for research. However, the clause indicating the necessity of consent from human material providers in the Korean Bioethics and Safety Act has made the Institutional Review Board (IRB) deny permission to use paraffin blocks for research without consent, and alternatively to get the same before starting an experiment. Written consent may be waived off in studies using paraffin blocks with anonymous status or conditions not linked to personal information by applying the paragraph 3, article 16 of the current Bioethics and Safety Act. Also, the IRB should recommend researchers to preserve the blocks as medical records of patients in long-term archives.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.375-380
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• 2019

Breast tissue expanders (TEs) with magnetic infusion ports are labeled "MR Unsafe." Therefore, patients with these implants are typically prevented from undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report a patient with a total submuscular breast TE who inadvertently underwent an MRI exam. She subsequently developed expander exposure, requiring explantation and autologous reconstruction. The safety profile of TEs with magnetic ports and the use of MRI in patients with these implants is surprisingly controversial. Therefore, we present our case report, a systematic literature review, and propose procedural guidelines to help ensure the safety of patients with TEs with magnetic ports that need to undergo MRI exams.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2009

As buildings nowadays become taller in height and larger in size the safety review of lifting plan takes larger portion in construction project management. However, the cost and safety in lifting plan have a contradictory effect on each other. Therefore, an optimization algorithm needs devising as a solution of the contradictory problem. In many cases at construction sites, selections and stability review of tower cranes are assigned to equipment suppliers or field managers, which cause the problems in safety and cost of the projects. To improve the part of the current situation, a study on the optimization algorithm for designing the foundation of tower cranes is conducted in this study, which can be utilized by equipment suppliers or field managers to check the stability of tower cranes easily and promptly without substantial knowledge.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.05a
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• pp.568-573
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• 1995

Technical Specifications (TSs) for a nuclear power plant is an important licensing document which defines various operational requirements or conditions. Recently, many researchers have evaluated the risk impacts associated with the TS requirements, using probabilistic safety assessments becoming widely available. This paper presents insights gained km our review of recent risk-based analyses of TSs, focussing on surveillance requirements and AOT (allowed outage time) requirements.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 2000

This paper reviews and classify fault-tree analysis methods developed since 1960 for system safety and reliability. Fault-tree analysis is a useful analytic tool for the reliability and safety of complex systems. The literature on fault-tree analysis is, for the most part, scattered through conference proceedings and company reports. This paper classify the literature according to system definition, fault-tree construction, qualitative evaluation, quantitative evaluation, and available computer codes for fault-tree analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.259-260
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• 2023

This study aims to build VR using BIM at our actual site, simulate it in a realistic background, and simulate new safety-related technologies being developed by our company rather than safety education contents to review optimal use plans for each field type so that the new technology can be effectively applied in the field.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.259-277
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between logistics safety climate, logistics safety behavior, and logistics safety performance and the mediating effects of safety knowledge and safety motivation, and to suggest its strategic implications for the improvement of the logistics safety performance. Based on previous researches related to logistics safety, safety climate, safety knowledge, safety motivation, safety behavior and safety performance, research models and hypotheses were set up and questionnaires were conducted. For the hypothesis test, reliability analysis and validity analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation model analysis, and bootstrapping were applied. As a result of the empirical analysis, the logistics safety climate had a significant positive effect on logistics safety knowledge, logistics safety motivation, and logistics safety behavior, whereas logistics safety knowledge and logistics safety motivation had a meaningful positive effect on logistics safety behavior. Further, logistics safety behavior was found to have a significant positive effect on logistics safety performance. Safety behavior had a significant mediating effect, but safety knowledge and safety motivation did not. However, logistics safety climate, logistics safety knowledge, and logistics safety motivation did not have a significant effect on logistics safety performance.