• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.4 s.310
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• pp.66-73
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• 2006

Safety is the most important for all traffic management and control technology. This paper focuses on developing a flexible, reliable and real-time processing algorithm which is able to generate signal for the entering vehicle at the joining road through a camera and image processing technique. The images obtained from the camera located beside and upon the road can be used for traffic surveillance, the vehicle's travel speed measurement, predicted arriving time in joining area between main road and joining road. And the proposed algorithm displays the confluence safety signal with red, blue and yellow color sign. The three methods are used to detect the vehicle which is driving in setted detecting area. The first method is the gray scale normalized correlation algorithm, and the second is the edge magnitude ratio changing algorithm, and the third is the average intensity changing algorithm The real-time prototype confluence safety signal generation algorithm is implemented on stored digital image sequences of real traffic state and a program with good experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2023

Objectives This study is designed to evaluate the safety of palmul-tang soft extract in healthy male volunteers. Methods Twelve healthy male volunteers were recruited. And this study was conducted in a single center. As a result of the laboratory test, the safety was evaluated by collecting vital signs of volunteers. Twelve subjects were assigned by serial number according to the registration order. For safety evaluation, blood samples were collected and vital signs were checked four times throughout the test period, including screening, pre-administration, post-administration (after 48 hours) and post-administration (after 7 days). The difference in variables was summarized as the mean±standard deviation. The normality was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test. If normality is satisfied, a paired t-test is applied. Otherwise, the Wilcoxon sign rank test, which is a nonparametric method, is applied. The significance was p<0.05. The incidence of all side effects is expressed as a percentage. Results In the case of red blood cell, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values, the result of normality test of variables for the difference value before and after administration is significant level p<0.05. However, all laboratory test values before and after administration did not deviate from the normal range. Also the deviations in the normal range could not be seen as significance related to this clinical trial. And no side effects related to clinical trial drugs were observed. Conclusions The soft extract of palmul-tang was considered safe for healthy male volunteers.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2024

Objectives This study is designed to evaluated the safety of peony root extract tablet in healthy male volunteers. Methods 12 healthy male volunteers were recruited, and this study was conducted by a single center. The safety was evaluated by collecting laboratory test and vital signs of volunteers. As the registration process, 12 subjects were assigned by serial number. To evaluate safety, vital signs were checked and blood samples were collected 4 times during the screening period, pre & post-administration (after 8 hours) and post-administration (after 7 days). The difference in variables was summarized by the mean±standard deviation. The normality test was carried out using the Shapiro-Wilk test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. When normality is fulfilled, a paired t-test is applied and the significance level was p<0.05. And the incidence of all adverse effects and serious adverse effects are shown in percentage. Results In the case of vital sign, body temperature (BT) (℃) was 0.06±0.05 ℃ (p=0.008), and there was a statistically significant difference in before and after administration. However, clinical symptoms were not occurred and BT (℃) of all subjects before and after administration showed values within the normal reference value. There was no significant difference from the control group in all other vital signs and laboratory test data. And no side-effects associated to clinical trial drugs were followed. Conclusions The peony root extract tablet was considered to be safe for healthy male volunteers.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2003

In order to obtain information on murine model for foot and mouth disease virus(FMDV) type Asia 1, we studied whether guinea pig was a suitable model for studying FMDV. Apparently healthy 3 months old albino guinea pigs and unweaned 3 days old Swiss albino mice were used for this study. Total of 8 guinea pigs were divided into the infected(n=5) and control(n=3) groups. The incubation period of FMDV in the guinea pigs were roughly 2 days and the viremia persisted for 3 days in the guinea pigs. Mice inoculated with the plasma from control guinea pigs did not show any sign of viremia. The plasma were titrated by virus neutralization test using suckling mice as an indicator host. The mean virus neutralizing antibody titers of infected guinea pig at 3 DPI, 4 DPI and 5 DPI were log$\_$10/2.16, log$\_$10/ 3.39 and log$\_$10/ 3.44, respectively whereas there was no neutralizing antibody titer in control group. The difference between the mortality pattern and mean virus neutralizing antibody titer of infected and that of control group at day 3, 4, 5 were statistically significant(p<0.0l).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.599-609
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the single oral dose toxicity and safety of Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang) and fermented Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang) extracts in male and female ICR mice. Methods : In the single oral dose toxicity study, non-fermented and fermented Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang) were administered to male and female ICR mice as an oral dose of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg. Changes of body weights, general behaviors, adverse effects and mortality were determined throughout the experimental period. Hematological parameters, serum chemistry, organ weights and necropsy findings were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Results : There was no mortality or sign of toxicity in the single oral dose toxicity study. There were also no significant differences in body weights, organ weights, and hematological parameters, serum chemistry values between treatment and control groups. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that the 50% lethal dose of fermented Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi -tang) in both female and male mice can be considered as well over 5,000 mg/kg, so these medicines can be safe in clinics.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 2018

The purpose of pilot clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy on TEWL(Transepidermal Water Loss) and skin hydration. A total of 36 human who visited Dongshin University Oriental Medical Center from October 2nd, 2015 to July 31st, 2016 were included in the pilot clinical trial. Acupuncture therapy was performed at Gokji(LI11) and Daechu(GV14). We observed change of TEWL(Transepidermal Water Loss), skin hydration before and after acupuncture therapy. In the primary endpoint, index of TEWL showed a statistically significant decline($8.01{\pm}2.55{\rightarrow}6.58{\pm}1.97g/h/m2$, $7.40{\pm}2.65{\rightarrow}4.99{\pm}1.89g/h/m2$). Index of skin hydration showed statistical significance($52.83{\pm}6.53{\rightarrow}56.82{\pm}7.24$, $63.50{\pm}8.57{\rightarrow}64.96{\pm}8.48$). To evaluate the safety, vital sign check were conducted and showed no statistically significant result. And there were no severe adverse events during this study. According to the above pilot clinical trial, it is suggested acupuncture therapy were effective for skin moisturizing.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.155-165
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was conducted to carry out quantitative evaluation and safety of Bee Venom Acupuncture. Methods : Content analysis was done using HPLC, measurement of $LD_{50}$, and histological observations were made on the skin and muscles. Results : 1. According to HPLC analysis, each BVA-1 contained approximately $0.36{\mu}g$, and BVA-2 contained approximately $0.54{\mu}g$. But the volume of coating was so minute, slight difference exists between each needle. 2. LD50 of mouse with BVA-1 was 16 counts and this is equivalent to 640 needles/kg, making Bee Venom Acupuncture safe treatment apparatus. 3. Regardless of the number of needles, there was no sign of blood stasis or inflammation detected on the skin and muscle tissues. Conclusion : Above results indicate that the Bee Venom Acupuncture can complement shortcomings of syringe usage as a part of Oriental medicine treatment, but extensive researches should be done for further verification.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

The purpose of this investigation is to enhance the survival rate of patients by transporting them to the hospital within the golden hour through the operational improvement of emergency dispatch instruction. To this end, problems and improvements of current operating system were derived by carrying out a survey against paramedics of Incheon city in 2012 and analyzing the current emergency dispatch instruction. This study analyzed the emergency activity daily reports for one year from January 1 through December 31, 2012 and researched the consciousness of 119 emergency medical technician. According to the analysis of the survey, there were no meaningful differences in the on-site arrival times per triage. Therefore, the item of 'Emergency Classification' specified in the emergency dispatch instruction needs to be integrated in the scheme of "triage". Also, the feedbacks of the emergency action log and the emergency dispatch instruction are necessary for 'duty for operation' to review the adequacy to the severity after the end of emergency operation. Finally, the improvement of the system for the continuous communication between the paramedics and the command staff is necessary. This improvements as stated above are expected to contribute to raise survival rate of patients.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2006

Bovine viral leukosis is a viral disease of cattle characterized by the development of tumors in the lymphatic tissue. A female Holstein, 3-year-old, was submitted for diagnosis at the Diagnostic laboratory, Chonbuk National University. Clinical sign of the affected animal showed emaciation, enlargement of superficial lymph node and mild diarrhea. Remarkable lesions were enlargement of many internal lymph nodes. Histopathology revealed excessive neoplastic lymphoid cells characteristic of BVL infection. Subsequently, serums from all cattle were collected and serological examination was done where a 85% seropositive rate was detected using ELISA test. ELISA method showed a comparatively 75% higher detection rate than the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test (85% vs 40%). Serologically positive cattle were variably detected in all ages from under 1 year to over 6 year of age. Hematological examination consistently showed leukocytosis and a differential lymphocytosis of seropositive cattle. Detailed comparative pathological and serological data diagnosed the presence of bovine viral leukosis.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

The definition of an apartment is a building more than 5 stories high and which is the standard law. Currently, the number of apartments is increasing much faster than detached houses. Owning an apartment is a normal trend these days. However, the increasing number of apartments has been increasing the number of apartment fires which also has been making social problems. Therefore, this study was conducted for the fire extinguisher among other fire facilities because it is important for initial fire suppression. The research subject is on the fire extinguisher that is in the underground parking lot of 40 apartment complexes which are more than 10 stories. Survey and analysis were conducted for 80 fire extinguishers. There are two fire extinguishers for each apartment. The result of this study is that all installed fire extinguishers are ABC dry chemical type, 92% of them is 3.3kg and that meet the legal height(less than 1.5m). However, the condition such as appearance, inspection, manufactured year, appearance of signs, material of signs, size of signs, etc. was insufficiency. So improvement of law and system that are fire facility construction, maintenance implementation and additional designation of type approval about sign will be needed in my opinion.