• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2023

Objectives: Epidemiological evidence linking long working hours and shift work to metabolic syndrome remains inadequate. We sought to evaluate the impact of reducing working hours on metabolic syndrome. Methods: We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among male manual workers in a manufacturing company (N = 371) before and after the introduction of policy to reduce daily work hours from 10 to 8 hours. Components of metabolic syndrome were measured in periodic health examinations before the intervention, 6-9 months after, and 1.5-2 years after the intervention. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Analyses were stratified by day work versus shift work. Results: The results showed a significantly decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome 6-9 months following the intervention in day workers (risk ratio = 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.52-0.88), but the benefit disappeared after 1.5-2 years. Shift workers showed a decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome for the whole follow-up duration after the intervention, although the change was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Reducing working hours was associated with short-term improvement in metabolic syndrome in male manual workers.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2016

허베이 스피리트호의 유류유출량이 씨프린스호의 것에 비해 2.5배에 불과하지만, 그 경제적 환경적 사회적 피해는 30배에 이를 정도로 대규모 유류유출의 피해는 기하급수적으로 증가할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 재난적 해양환경오염사고에 신속하고도 효율적으로 대응할 수 있는 다목적 대형방제선의 건조에 대한 기술적 경제적 타당성을 분석함으로써 다목적 대형방제선의 건조에 대한 당위성과 정당성을 확보하고자 한다. 다목적 대형방제선의 기술적 타당성분석과 선진해양국의 많은 사례를 검토한 결과, 4,000톤급의 자항식 호퍼준설선 겸용 방제선을 건조하는 것이 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. 경제적 타당성 분석결과, 가장 보수적인 추정의 B/C ratio는 0.82로 경제성에 미달하지만 자구적 노력을 통하여 경제성을 확보할 수 있다. 한편, 중간추정치와 낙관적 추정치의 B/C ratio는 각각 2.72와 5.82로 이 사업의 경제적 타당성을 충분히 확보할 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2669-2673
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• 2012

Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most malignant tumors of the alimentary system, with relatively high incidence rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of two regimens for advanced pancreatic carcinoma: continuous transarterial infusion versus systemic venous chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil. Methods: Of the 48 patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma receiving chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, 24 received the selective transarterial infusion, and 24 the systemic chemotherapy. For the continuous transarterial infusion group (experimental group), all patients received gemcitabine 1000 mg/$m^2$, given by 30-minute transarterial infusion, on day 1 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/$m^2$ 5-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. For the systemic venous group (control group), gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil were infused through a peripheral vein, a dose of 1000 mg/$m^2$ gemcitabine being administrated over 30 min on days 1 and 8 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/$m^2$ 5-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. The effectiveness and safety were evaluated after 2 cyclesaccording to WHO criteria. Results:The objective effective rate in transarterial group was 33.3% versus 25% in the systemic group, the difference not being significant (P=0.626). Clinical benefit rates(CBR) in the transarterial and systemic groups were 83.3% and 58.3%, respectively (P=0.014). The means and medians for survival time in transarterial group were higher than those of the systemic group (P < 0.005). at the same time, the adverse effects did not significantly differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil could improve clinical benefit rate and survival time of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, compared with systemic venous chemotherapy. Since adverse effects were limited in the transarterial group, the regimen of continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy can be used more extensively in clinical practice. A CT and MRI conventional sequence can be used for efficacy evaluation after chemotherapy in pancreatic carcinoma.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2012

바다에 기름오염 사고가 발생하면 여러 가지 방제 방법 중 물리적 회수 방법을 우선적으로 사용하고 유처리제는 최후 수단으로 고려하는 경향이 있다. 유처리제는 수중으로 기름이 신속히 분산되도록 하여 해수면으로부터 제거하는 방법이다. 해수면으로부터 신속히 기름을 제거하는데 대한 유처리제의 효용성은 널리 증명되어 왔으나 아직도 대부분의 국가들은 해양환경에 미치는 독성을 우려하여 적극적인 사용을 하지 않고 있는 실정이다. 보고된 자료에 의하면 유처리제와 혼합된 기름이 기름 그 자체보다 독성이 더 크게 나타나지 않았다. 멕시코만 기름유출 사고시 미국 정부와 BP사는 최대한 해안에 기름이 도달하지 않는데 중점을 두고 해수면뿐만 아니라 수중의 기름에 대해서도 유처리제를 사용하였다. 유처리제에 대한 순환경편익을 분석하면 유처리제를 사용함으로써 기름이 생태계에 머무는 시간이 줄어들며 장기간 노출을 예방하고 야생동물에 심각한 오염을 방지하는 효과가 있는 등 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 미국 멕시코만 유류오염 사고와 같은 대규모 해양오염사고의 위험이 상존하는 우리 실정에서도 과학적 결과를 바탕으로 한 유처리제 사용의 효용성과 안전성에 대한 검토가 이루어져야 할 시점이라 사료된다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.202-214
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• 2007

에너지 IT 사업을 보다 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서 뿐만 아니라 전력선 통신망을 기반으로 한 서비스 구현을 효과적으로 추진하기 위해 제시되는 개념이 HSA(Home Service Aggregator)이다. 전력선 통신망 기반의 HSA 사업 모델 개발은 새로운 에너지 분야 사업 영역의 확대와 소비자 중심의 서비스를 통한 신수요 창출의 기회를 제공할 것으로 기대를 모으기에 충분하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 보다 효율적이고 성공적인 HSA사업 모델 개발을 위해 가장 우선적으로 행해져야할 경제성 평가를 에너지 사업자 입장에서 면밀히 분석해 정책 의사 결정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 분석을 위한 기본 데이터 수집을 위해 총 사업 기간은 2009년도부터 2020년까지로 하였으며, HSA사업 비용의 범위로 장비 비용, 장비 설치 비용, 그리고 운영비용으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 이중 장비 비용 및 장비 설치비용은 MGW와 RMS에 대한 것이고, 운영비용은 인건비, 회선운용비 및 설비 유지 비용으로 구성하였다. 그리고, 투자 대상의 범위는 주거 밀도가 높은 도심지를 대상으로 한 약 900만 수용가로 삼았다. HSA사업을 통해서 얻을 수 있는 중요 편익 원천으로는 원격검침서비스(AMR : Automatic Meter Reading), 인터넷통합빌링 서비스, 통합과금서비스, 인터넷 서비스, 그리고 방범 서비스에 대한 편익을 분석 범주로 설정하여 경제성 평가를 수행하였다. 그리고 전기 안전 편익은 사회적 편익으로 별도로 살펴보아 HSA사업의 정책 결정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 연구 분석 방법론으로써는 경제성평가 방법론 중 가장 많이 쓰이고 있는 현금흐름할인법을 활용한 순현재가치법을 이용하였다. 연구결과 HSA 사업의 총 투자비는 1조 400여억원으로 산출되었고, 사회적편익을 제외한 총편익은 1조 20여억원이 산출되었다고 2015년까지 투자비를 회수한다고 가정하였을때 각가구로부터 얻어야 할 편익은 월간 가구당 513원으로 분석되었다. HSA의 사업에 대한 ROI는 1에 약간 못미치는 0.954값이 나왔으나, 사회편익 요소인 전기안전 편익이 크기에 이를 모두 편익에 포함한다면 HSA사업의 경제성은 1을 넘게 됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

The steel pipe manufacturing industry deals with facilities and materials. Especially thermal facilities are close to vapor cloud explosion (VCE) and may cause secondary damage to facilities because they deal with corrosive substances such as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid and acid, fire, explosion, leakage etc. It is in danger. In this study, hazard identification method was conducted using HAZOP techniques and quantitative risk analysis was conducted using e-CA, a program that supports accident impact analysis. Equipment in the influence range of ERPG - 3 was determined to be a facility requiring replacement. It was decided that neutralization is necessary using slaked lime. Based on the cost of loss, We presented the proper replacement which is the timing of the dangerous facility. As a result, It was ideal to replace the facilities with 20 years of heat treatment facilities, one year of hydrofluoric acid storage tank, 20 years of sulfuric acid storage tank, and 5 years of hydrochloric acid storage tank.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2019

일반적으로 도로 공사구간에서 발생하는 사망 포함한 심각한 부상의 주요 발생 원인중 하나가 과속이다. 이로 인해 도로 관리자는 열악한 도로 공사구간에서 도로 작업자와 운전자의 안전 개선에 관심을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 속도 준수를 유도하기 위한 하나의 방안으로 이동식 가변 도로전광표지판을 적용하는 것이며 이에 대한 안전효과를 현장에서 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 적용한 안전효과의 척도는 평균 속도와 제한속도 준수 비율이다. 이러한 안전효과를 정량화하기 위해 선형회귀와 로직모델을 적용하였다. 그 결과는 가변 도로전광표지판 설치전에 비해 설치후에서 대부분 관측 지점에서 통계적으로 유의하게 평균 속도가 감소하였으며 과속의 비율도 대략 50~80% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 동적인 가변 도로전광표지판은 정적인 표지판보다 도로 공사구간에서 안전 편익을 더 제공할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.880-885
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• 2024

For Safety Assisted Engineering works, real-time simulators have emerged as a mandatory tool among all the key actors involved in the nuclear industry (utilities, designers and safety authorities). EDF, Electricité de France, as the leading worldwide nuclear power plant operator, has a crucial need for efficient and updated simulation tools for training, operating and safety analysis support. This paper will present the work performed at EDF/DT to develop a new generation of engineering simulator to fulfil these tasks. The project is called SiRENE, which is the acronym of Re-hosted Engineering Simulator in French. The project has been economically challenging. Therefore, to benefit from existing tools and experience, the SiRENE project combines: - A part of the process issued from the operating fleet training full-scope simulator. - An improvement of the simulator prediction reliability with the integration of High-Fidelity models, used in Safety Analysis. These High-Fidelity models address Nuclear Steam Supply System code, with CATHARE thermal-hydraulics system code and neutronics, with COCCINELLE code. - And taking advantage of the last generation and improvements of instructor station. The intensive and challenging uses of the new SiRENE engineering simulator are also discussed. The SiRENE simulator has to address different topics such as verification and validation of operating procedures, identification of safety paths, tests of I&C developments or modifications, tests on hydraulics system components (pump, valve etc.), support studies for Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA). etc. It also emerges that SiRENE simulator is a valuable tool for self-training of the newcomers in EDF nuclear engineering centers. As a modifiable tool and thanks to a skillful team managing the SiRENE project, specific and adapted modifications can be taken into account very quickly, in order to provide the best answers for our users' specific issues. Finally, the SiRENE simulator, and the associated configurations, has been distributed among the different engineering centers at EDF (DT in Lyon, DIPDE in Marseille and CNEPE in Tours). This distribution highlights a strong synergy and complementarity of the different engineering institutes at EDF, working together for a safer and a more profitable operating fleet.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to suggest a basis for setting appropriate safety goals specifically related to the threshold zone luminance in a vehicular traffic tunnel. METHODS : In the test, drivers were divided into two groups. One group consisted of all drivers (average drivers) group with an age ratio of drivers holding domestic driver's license and driver group by age to produce threshold zone luminance in the tunnel. The threshold zone luminance produced as a result was used to analyze how it affects the safety level of each driver group and provide a basis for setting an appropriate safety criterion that can be used to determine threshold zone luminance. We used test equipment, test conditions, and ananalysis of threshold zone luminance identical to that reported by ChoandJung(2014) but the values of adaptation luminance in our analys is were expanded to range from100 to $10,000cd/m^2$. RESULTS : Adaptation luminance and threshold zone luminance are found to be related by a quadratic function. The threshold zone luminance needed by older drivers to ensure a certain safety level is significantly higher than that for drivers of other age brackets when adaptation luminance increases. 56% of older drivers are at an increased risk of an accident at the same luminance for which the safety level of average drivers is 75%. The safety level that can be achieved for older drivers increases to above 60% when threshold zone luminance level is set with the goal of attaining a safety level of more than 85% for average drivers. The safety level that can be attained for average drivers is above 90% when the threshold zone luminance is high enough to ensure over 75% in the safety level of older drivers. Results of this study are applicable to highways and others whose designed speed is 100 km/h. CONCLUSIONS : Threshold zone luminance determined on the basis of drivers having average visual ability is of limited value as a performance standard for ensuring the safety of older drivers. Hence, safety level for older drivers should be considered separately from safety levels for drivers with an average ability to avoid risk. Upward adjustment of older drivers' safety level in the process of determining appropriate threshold zone luminance in a vehicular traffic tunnel may bring both tangible and intangible benefit as a result of reducing accidents. However, there is an associated dollar cost arising from installing and operating lights. As a result, the economic impact of these trade-offs should also be considered.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.147-159
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• 2000

The NIOSH health hazard evaluation program (HHE program) was created in response to the mandate to determine the toxic effect and potential health hazard of workplace exposure, which is found in Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, A primary benefit of HHE program is its ability to provide current health hazard data to employers and employees, which assists them in identifying solutions to occupational health and safety problems in their workplaces, The HHE program also stimulates research in the development and review of sampling methods and diagnostic tests and may prompt additional exposure assesment efforts and toxicological and epidemiological studies. HHE projects also provide human exposure-toxicity data that are used to asses the validity of existing occupational health standards and to support criteria for new standards of recommendation, The HHE request is classified into four categories: 1) category 1: As a administratively invalid, 2) category 2: These are valid requests for which a site visit is not essential to an appropriate response, 3) Category 3 : These are valid requests for which a site visit is necessary for an adequate evaluation, 4) These are valid request which present a complex problem or an opportunity for research, To carry out HHE program one or methods of investigation might be used: 1) direct observation and evaluation of production processes and employee work practices 2) employees exposure level and air contamination level 3) medical test or physical examinations of employees 4) private, confidential interviews with employees 5) review of employer's record of injuries and illness, employee exposure data, medical tests and job histories. After investigation and analysing the data, NIOSH issues a final report, giving finding and recommendation.