• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Objective : This study was designed to investigate anti-diabetic effects of fermented soy bean extract with herbal medicines (Godjang) in diabetic rat models induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Method : Changes in body weight, drinking water, and food intake were observed for 4 weeks before and after induction of diabetes mellitus in rats. The anti-diabetic capacity of Godjang was analyzed by fasting blood glucose (FBG) every week. Also, after 4 weeks of administration, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and then blood levels of insulin were checked. And serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were determined. Histomorphological changes of liver, kidney and pancreatic tissues were also observed in STZ-induced diabetic rats and Godjang administered rats. Result : In Godjang administered group, body weight and water intake were more lower than that of STZ-induced diabetic rats. FBG was decreased in the Godjang administered group than STZ-induced diabetic group. According to OGTT, blood glucose levels at 30 minutes and 60 minutes significantly decreased in Godjang administered group than in STZ-induced diabetic control group. Administration of Godjang extract for 4W significantly decreased levels of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) in diabetic rats. In histomorphological analysis of kidney, liver, Godjang administrated groups showed the inhibition of pathological damage. Conclusion : These results suggest that Godjang extract has an anti-diabetic action through decrease in serum glucose, TC, TG levels and recovery of the morphological changes in kidney and liver in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.767-775
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Rhei Rhizoma and Carthami Flos combined with Samgijiwhang-Tang(SJTSRC) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy. Rats were divided into a control group of rats with STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy, a sample group of those given SJTSRC, and a normal group. In the experiment diabetic nephropathy was induced by giving STZ(60mg/kg) to rats via the peritoneum, and effects were assessed with measures of serum creatinine, serum BUN, secretion content of albumin and glucose content of urine, malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) content in cortex of kidney. When STZ was injected into sample rat, the value of creatinine and BUN increased validly and STZ did damage to the kidney. When applying SJTSRC to sample rats, the value of serum creatinine decreased validly but the value of serum BUN decreased invalidity. It was confirmed that SJTSRC had an effect on recovery after kidney damage and secretion content of albumin increasedafter administration of SJTSRC but there was no change in glucose content of urine compared with the control group. The decrease of secretion of albumin after injection of STZ was taken to mean progressive diabetic nephropathy, and that reversal of that trend after SJTSRC administration showed that kidney function had improved, not through decreasing blood sugar, but through other factors. Results suggest that diabetic nephropathy was induced by STZ, and SJTSRC was effective in restricting the extent of damage to the kidney and halting the progression of diabetic nephropathy with improvement in levels of serum creatinine and albumin secretion. More study is needed, particularity pertaining to anti-oxidative effects in the kidney cortex.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2003

This research was performed to investigate the effects of the supplementation of multi-extracts of mori folium (MF) and of exercise on blood lipid profiles and tissue differentiation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The animal groups consisted of a normal-control group, a STZ-control group, three STZ-induced diabetic groups supplemented ad libitum with various amounts of MF extracts (MF-720, MF-360, and MF-180 groups), and a STZ-induced diabetic group supplemented with MF-360 combined with exercise; eight male Sprague-Dawley rats, 4 weeks old, were assigned to each experimental group and were raised in the laboratory for a 10 week experimental period. The MF supplementation group showed a significant reduction in levels of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride compared to the STZ-control group. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly increased in the MF supplementation group compared to STZ-control group. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol was significantly higher in MF supplementation group compared to the STZ-control group. The Atherogenic Index (AI) values in the MF supplementation groups were found to be significantly lower than in the STZ-control group. Serum AST and ALT levels were significantly reduced in the MF-supplementation groups compared to the STZ-control group. Total cholesterol level in the liver tissue was significantly decreased in the MF-360 group and in the MF-360 + exercise group compared to the STZ-control group. In immunohistochemical staining of the pancreatic islets of the MF-supplemented groups, a significantly higher number of insulin-immunoreactive cells were observed compared to the STZ-control group. In the MF supplementation groups, Bowman's capsules were clearly observed as hypertrophy of the glomeruli was not obvious. In the MF supplementation groups, a relative reduction in the hypertrophy of the basement membrane of the glomeruli and a significant reduction in the mesangium were observed compared to the STZ-control group. The results of this study suggest that supplementation of MF has beneficial effect in improving plasma lipid and tissue metabolism in streptozotocin-induced rats.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 2016

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) such as $N^{\varepsilon}$-(carboxy-methyl)lysine (CML) have been implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of Aster koraiensis (AKE) on AGEs formation and AGEs-collagen cross-linking in vitro and CMLs formation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. AKE significantly inhibited AGEs formation ($IC_{50}$ value of $18.74{\mu}g/mL$) and AGEs-collagen cross-linking ($IC_{50}$ value of 0.274 mg/mL) in vitro than the well-known glycation inhibitor aminoguanidine ($IC_{50}$ value of $72.12{\mu}g/mL$ and 1.99 mg/mL, respectively). AKE (100 mg/kg per day) was given to diabetic rats for 9 weeks. In STZ-induced diabetic rats, severe hyperglycemia was developed, and urinary CMLs and plasma CMLs were markedly increased. Immunohistochemical stain revealed that CMLs were accumulated within renal glomerulus in STZ-induced diabetic rats. However, AKE significantly reduced urinary CMLs and plasma CMLs in diabetic rats. CMLs accumulation was inhibited by AKE treatment in the renal glomerulus. These results suggest that AKE had an inhibitory effect of AGE accumulation in the glomeruli of diabetic rat and could be an inhibitor of AGE-induced protein cross-linking. The oral administration of AKE may significantly help to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.475-482
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• 2015

This study was conducted to examine whether or not oligonol, a low molecular weight polyphenol derived from lychee fruit, has an ameliorative effect on diabetes-induced oxidative stress-related hepatic damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Oligonol (10 or 20 mg/kg body weight; O10 or O20, respectively) was orally administered every day for 10 days to STZ-induced diabetic rats, and its effects were compared to vehicle-treated diabetic (Veh) and non-diabetic rats. Administration of 20 mg/kg of oligonol significantly decreased liver weight compared with the Veh group (P<0.05). Elevated levels of hepatic glucose, reactive oxygen species, peroxynitrite, and lipid peroxidation were detected in diabetic vehicle rats, whereas oligonol treatment significantly attenuated these levels (P<0.05). In diabetic vehicle rats, hepatic antioxidant enzyme protein levels decreased, whereas oligonol treatment showed significant elevated results. For inflammation-related protein expression, oligonol-treated groups showed insignificant reduction. Oligonol improved expression of proapoptotic protein caspase-3 in the liver of diabetic rats (P<0.05). In conclusion, these results provide important evidence that oligonol exhibits an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress and apoptosis-related protein expression as well as a hepato-protective effect against the development of diabetic complications in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.619-624
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E on microsomal mixed function oxidase system of kidney in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 140$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one control and three STZ-diabetic groups which were subdivided into vitamin E free diet(DM-0E group) 40mg vitamin E per kg diet(DM-40E group) and 400mg vitamin E per kg diet(DM-400E group). Vitamin E level of normal group was 40 mg per kg diet. Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous administration of 55 mg/kg B.W of STZ in citrate buffer(pH4.3) after 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets. Animals were sacrificed at the 6th day of diabetic state. The contents of cytochrome P450 in kidney were increased by 82, 54, 41% in DM-0E, DM-40E and DM-400E groups respectively when compared with normal group. The contents of cytochrome b5 in kidney were increased by 28% in DM-0E when compared with normal group but those of DM-40E and DM-400E groups were similar to that of normal group. The activities of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in kidney that were increased by 35% in DM-0E group. Levels of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) in kidney were increased by 207, 129% and 72% in DM-0E and DM-400E groups respectively when compared with normal group but those of DM-40E and DM-400E groups were 26,44% lower than that of DM-0E groups. It is know that the activities of MFO system and lipid peroxidation were inhibited in kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rat by administeration of high doses of vitamin E.(Korean J Nutrition 33(6) : 619~624, 2000)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2002

The effects of various fractions from the whole plant of Pelvetia siliquosa Tseng et Chang (Fucaceae) on the $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity as well as on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats were investigated. The ether fraction exhibited a potent rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibition in vitro and showed a significant inhibition of not only serum glucose concentrations but also sorbitol accumulations in the lens, red blood cells and sciatic nerves in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. When administered orally in Sprague-Dawley rats, $H_{2}O$ fraction was found to cause a significant inhibition of the rise in the serum transaminase activities in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. These results suggested that this plant might possess constituents with hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic effects and those effects on diabetic complications.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

Objective : The present study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Several Herb-combind Prescription(SHP) on Streptozotocin (STZ) -induced Diabetes mellitus. Methods : SHP was given to rats with the combination of oral administration and herbal-acupuncture stimulation. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups : normal group of rats, control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, sample group with SHP treatment. In vitro test of SHP showed ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition, DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Experimental diabetes was induced by the injection of STZ(60mg/kg) to the rat via the peritoneum. The effect of SHP on STZ-induced diabetes was observed by measuring the seum level of insulin, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and lipid peroxides. Hepatic activities of catalase and reduced glutathione were examined and insulin granule was observed by immunohistochemical examination. Result : STZ caused hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia by a selectively destroying pancreatic ${\beta}$-cell. SHP treatment protected them from the hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. STZ induced increase of serum triglyceride lowered by SHP treatment. And by SHP treatment, pancrease showed a big area with positive immuno-reactivity for presence of insulin with many insulin granules distributed in the ${\beta}$-cells in the islets of Langerhans. Contusions : The SHP treatment showed protective effect on diabetic rat model, and action mechanism of the effect was thought to be concerned with anti-oxidative stress.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.858-879
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• 2009

Objectives : The object of this study was to investigate the effects of Daeboeum-hwan (DBEH) aqueous extracts on Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat diabetes and related complications. Methods : SD rats were divided into 6 groups (n =8) : 50 mM citrate buffer and vehicle (distilled water 5 ml/kg) administered group (Intact control), STZ treatment (60 mg/kg, single intraperitoneally administered) and vehicle administered group (STZ control), STZ treatment and silymarin 100 mg/kg administered group (Reference), and STZ treatment and DBEH extracts 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg administered groups. DBEH extracts were orally administered once a day for 28 days from 3 weeks after STZ treatment. The results were compared with silymarin 100 mg/kg. Results : Decreases in the body weights, increase of kidney and liver weights, blood glucose, BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDL, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels with decreases of HD L levels, increases of pancreatic MDA contents and decreases of GSH contents were detected in STZ control as compared with intact control. These diabetes and related complications were inhibited by treatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg of DBEH extracts. Conclusion : DBEH extracts showed favorable effects on STZ-induced diabetes and related complications mediated by their antioxidant effects as similar to silymarin. Because the lowest dosage (50 mg/kg) of DBEH treated group did not show any favorable effects as compared with STZ control, the effective dosages of DBEH is considered as about 100 mg/kg, while DBEH extracts at 200 mg/kg showed similar effects as compared with 100 mg/kg of silymarin. It, therefore, is expected that DBEH will show favorable effects on diabetes and various diabetic complications.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1399-1403
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• 2009

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of protective effectness of swimming exercise and Gastrodia elata blume oral administration against beta-cell damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: the normal group(n=10), the STZ-induced diabetes group(n=10), the STZ-induced diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise group(n=10), the STZ-induced diabetes Gastrodia elata blume(300 mg/kg) oral administration group(n=10), the STZ-induced diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise and Gastrodia elata blume(300 mg/kg) oral administration group(n=10). Animals in the exercise groups were made to swim moderate swimming exercise protocols once a day for 4 consecutive weeks. Serum glucose concentration and insulin level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in serum. Swimming exercise and Gastrodia elata blume extract administration has shown anti-diabetic effect probably through decreasing serum glucose and insulin level and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity.