• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.582-589
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• 2010

The current study was designed to assess the effects of emulsified sausage supplemented with ginseng saponin on lipid metabolism by applying a rat model. Four groups of 8 rats (5 wk old) were each allocated one of 4 treatments: basal feed (C), and basal feed with 20% sausage powder containing 0% (S0), 2% (S2) and 4% (S4) ginseng saponin. The experiment was conducted for 4 wk. The results did not differ among the treatments with different amounts of sausage (ST), but daily feed intake (p<0.01) and feed conversion (p<0.001) were significantly increased in STs compared to C. Both total serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were significantly (p<0.001) reduced, by 45 and 46%, and 48 and 46%, in S2 and S4, respectively, compared to S0. In the liver, the total cholesterol level was dramatically (p<0.05) decreased according to increasing sausage powder levels. In particular, S4 showed approximately 14% reduction compared to S0 (p<0.05). Liver triglyceride content also showed a similar tendency, where S2 and S4 resulted in 7% and 31% reduction. With regard to fatty acid composition in the liver tissues, palmitic acid (16:0), oleic acid (18:1), eicosanoic acid (20:1), and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3) did not differ among the STs, whereas both linoleic acid (18:2) (p<0.01) and linolenic acid (18:3) (p<0.001) showed significant increases in S2 compared to S0. The current data demonstrated that emulsified sausages supplemented with ginseng saponin effectively reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the serum and liver, and increase unsaturated and essential fatty acid in the liver. These data collectively imply that the sausage improved the overall lipid profile in a rat model, and can be further generalized to the result that emulsified sausage can improve lipid metabolism depending on the products' formula.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.413-425
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• 2014

In order to shed some light on the historical change of biodiversity concepts, this paper reviews the science and technology studies (STS) literature on the history of biological research on human genetic diversity. By doing that, I show how the notion of genetic diversity in the human population - from "race" to "population" to "biogeographical ancestry" - has changed with methodologies and techniques over the last hundred years. In the meantime, I point out contexts and situations, despite conceptual and methodological developments, that show that current human genetic diversity research is slipping into the past mistakes of scientific racism. This article offers biodiversity researchers an opportunity to consider their own scientific practices on classifying species more reflectively.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

Purpose: In this study, the defect quantification of thin metal plate was evaluated by using lock-in infrared thermography. Methods: A STS304 standard specimens, which had the artificial-defects of different size, were used. The focal distance between the infrared camera and the specimen was set to 500mm, and the distance between the lump and the specimen was set to 200mm. One halogen lamp with a maximum capacity of 1kW was used, and phase-lock infrared thermal images with a frequency of 1Hz were captured and analyzed. Result: Objectively quantified data values were obtained by analyzing the contrast ratio and signal-to-noise ratio. Conclusion: The possibility of defect diagnosis for thin metal plate was confirmed by using the lock-in infrared thermography technique.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.186-198
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• 2022

With the science curriculum about to be revised in 2022, this study aimed to guide curriculum revision by addressing suggested approaches to the electromagnetism education in elementary school science curriculum. The core concepts of electromagnetism are "electric field" and "magnetic field" as a medium of force, but the current curriculum does not properly describe the core concepts of electromagnetism. Mechanics and electromagnetism should be linked in elementary schools to form science curriculum based on core concepts to solve this problem. Additionally, the nine aspects of technology extracted in this study offer various educational contexts to match the development of engineering technology based on electromagnetism. However, the current curriculum does not comprise these various contexts and focuses on the limited content of electric circuits using light bulbs. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the scope of the curriculum to better mirror real-life technology. Through the use of more diverse materials and contexts, the scope and level of STS education as well as conceptual learning could be expanded. Finally, in the case of electric circuit learning, various issues such as difficulty in connecting electric circuits and electric field concepts, representativeness of electric circuit, students' learning difficulty, and phenomena-oriented learning should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.429-434
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• 2014

This study describes the efficient method for the discrimination of 'Cheonryang' in Panax ginseng Meyer using a STS primer. A total of 208 STS primers were applied to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for discriminating Korean ginseng cultivars. Co-dominant polymorphic band patterns were generated with two primers, MFGp 0019, MFGp 0248, and successful identification of 'Cheonryang' was achieved from out of 11 Korean ginseng cultivars. Two different sizes of DNA band patterns were detected with MFGp 0019 primer. Ten Korean ginseng cultivars shared the same size of amplified DNAs (389 bp), but 'Cheonryang' showed a different size. Thus 'Cheonryang' can be efficiently distinguished from the other ten ginseng cultivars by using the MFGp 0019 primer. In the case of MFGp 0248, two different sizes of DNA band patterns were detected in the eleven ginseng cultivars. Same sized amplified DNA bands (307 bp) were shown in five cultivars (Chunpoong, Gopoong, Kumpoong, Cheongsun, Sunhyang) and 254 bp sized DNA bands were identified in the other 6 cultivars (Yunpoong, Sunpoong, Sunun, Sunone, Cheonryang, K-1). In conclusion, the two STS primers, MFGp 0019, and MFGp 0248, provide a rapid and reliable method for the specific identification of 'Cheonryang' cultivar from a large number of samples.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.277-290
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• 2020

In this study, four gifted students in the second year of middle school at Gifted Education Center of the National University in Jeollanam-do were surveyed students' perceptions of the effectiveness of science class using science writing heuristic in terms of metacognition and the goals of the 2015 revised science curriculum. Through questionnaires and interviews with gifted science students, science gifted students recognized that the science class using science writing heuristic had a positive effect on the four subdomains (planning, monitoring, control, and evaluation) of metacognition. For this reason, the science gifted students presented self-directed experience in designing experiments, continually checking the collected experimental data, feedback process, and reflecting experience in preparing conclusions. Science gifted students recognized that science class using science writing heuristic had a positive effect on the goals of the 2015 revised science curriculum(attitudes, inquiry, knowledge, Science·Technology·Society(STS), and the enjoyment and usefulness of science learning) that correspond to through inquiry science writing lessons. For this reason, the science gifted students presented self-directed inquiry experiences, continual inquiry experiences on the same subject, thinking process at each stage of inquiry, learning experiences through inquiry, experience of the whole inquiry process, and inquiry of phenomena closely related to real life. Therefore, for the effective science class, it is necessary to apply the characteristics of science class using science writing heuristic which is responded by science gifted students to general science class as well as science gifted class later.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.330-343
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate into common science and Science-Technology-Society education movement which are concerned in newly reformed 6th curriculum. These data were obtained by the survey of 291 high school science teachers who have no experience for the workshop of the common science in Kwangju city and 120 high school science teachers who have experience for the workshop of the common science in Kwangju city and Chollanamdo. The results were as follows: 1) They responded that the physics is more closely subject for the common science and thereby it could be charged for the common science by teacher of physics. 2) The 96.90 percent of the respondents (B-group) have confidence with teaching common science subject. 3) They favored that a device for the application of STS Thoughts is added last part of each chapter, last chapter or adequately introduce to each teaching. 4) They are not concerned about overlap with the contents of common science and each science contents (A-group:74.58 percent, B-group:78.35 percent). 5) They wondered about the various items of teaching and the lack of scientific surrounding Knowledge for solving problems. 6) They responded that if the common science are implicated into the current high school, the sciences will become a interesting. 7) Before the common science have become established, they was demanded a improvement of currently University Entrance Examination systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

20 preservice teachers at college level participated in this study and interacted with students at elementary and middle school levels during science camp offered by science center in Taiwan. Preservice teachers displayed moderate (above the average, 4 point out of 5) understandings about scientific literacy and scientific views in all aspects of the nature of science before the camp. Then, the researchers designed science camp programs which were expected to promote students' scientific literacy; scientific knowledge, inquiry skills for experimentation as well as for argumentation, affective domain such as the attitude toward science and the understandings about nature of science and the relationship among STS (Science-Technology-Society), all of which were embedded in the programs. Preservice teachers seemed to perceive scientific literacy pretty well (over 4 point) before the camp, however, preservice teachers' understandings about scientific literacy were not much scored (around 3 point, but still moderate scores of average) as expected after concrete inquiry activities. The reasons why this happened could be that preservice teachers were not trained to employ theory into the context to be more practical or the researchers did not develop camp program which included the aspect of scientific literacy successfully. The discussion and implication were made in teacher education in that preservice teachers must be prepared how to bridge theory into practice, and informal science education in that educators at science centers must be trained to be experts in providing the envisioned educational programs to meet the goal of science education, scientific literacy.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.465-479
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• 2017

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an economically important horticultural crop in Korea; however, various diseases, including Phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, powdery mildew, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), severely affect their productivity and quality. Therefore, pepper varieties with resistance to multiple diseases are highly desired. In this study, we developed 20 SNP type assays for three pepper populations using Fluidigm nanofluidic dynamic arrays. A total of 4,608 data points can be produced with a 192.24 dynamic array consisting of 192 samples and 24 SNP markers. The assays were converted from previously developed sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers and included markers for resistance to Phytophthora root rot (M3-2 and M3-3), anthracnose (CcR9, CA09g12180, CA09g19170, CA12g17210, and CA12g19240), powdery mildew (Ltr4.1-40344, Ltr4.2-56301, and Ltr4.2-585119), bacterial spot (Bs2), CMV (Cmr1-2), PMMoV (L4), and PepMoV (pvr1 and pvr2-123457), as well as for capsaicinoids content (qcap3.1-40134, qcap6.1-299931, qcap6.1-589160, qdhc2.1-1335057, and qdhc2.2-43829). In addition, 11 assays were validated through a comparison with the corresponding data of the STS markers. Furthermore, we successfully applied the assays to commercial $F_1$ cultivars and to our breeding lines. These 20 SNP type assays will be very useful for developing new superior pepper varieties with resistance to multiple diseases and a higher content of capsaicinoids for increased pungency.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2006

A ferredoxin adsorbed hetero self-assembled layer was fabricated on chemically modified Au substrate, 4-Aminothiophenol (4-ATP) was deposited onto Au substrate and then N-succinimidyl-3-[2-pyridyldithio] propionate (SPDP) was adsorbed on the 4-ATP layer, since SPDP was used as a bridging molecule for ferredoxin adsorption, Ferredoxin/SPDP/4-ATP structured hetero layer was constructed because of strong chemical binding of ferredoxin, SPDP, and 4-ATP, The surface of the ferredoxin-adsorbed SPDP/4-ATP layer was observed by scanning tunneling microscopy, The hetero film formation was verified by surface plasmon resonance measurement. The current flow and rectifying property based on the scanning tunneling spectroscopy I-V characteristics was achieved in the proposed hetero layer. Thus, the hetero layer structure of ferredoxin functioned as a molecular diode with rectifying property, The proposed molecular diode can be usefully applied for the development of molecular scale electronic devices.