• 설비공학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1994

The flow and heat transfer characteristics behind a backward facing step located in a vertical channel has been studied. In this study, the numerical prediction has been performed by solving the Navier-Stokes equation and energy equation simultaneously with the SIMPLE algorithm embedied in TEACH code. Local heat flux was measured by using Schlieren Interferometer. The flow visualization was performed using the cylindrical lens and the laser beam that is scattered by the supplied glycerine particles. The velocity and temperature distributions, recirculation region, reattachment length, and local heat flux are obtained under the various parameters to investigate the buoyancy effect on the flow and heat transfer characteristics behind the step.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.127-132
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• 1998

The present study is aimed to investigate flow characteristics of Two dimensional backward-facing step by numerical approach. A convection conservative difference scheme based upon SOLA algorithm is used for the solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations to simulate the laminar, transitional and turbulent flow conditions at which the experimental data can be available for the backward-facing step. The twenty kinds of Reynolds number are used for the calculations. In an effort to demonstrate that the reported solutions are dependent on the mesh refinement, computations are performed on seven different meshes of uniformly increasing refinement. Also to investigate the result of inflow dependence, two kinds of the inflow profile are chosen for the laminar flow. As criterion of benchmarking the result of numerical simulation, reattachment length is used for the selected Reynolds numbers.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.83-101
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• 2004

The propose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the partial body weight support during treadmill training on the ambulation in elderly with chronic stroke. Fourteen hemiplegic volunteers participated and were divided into an experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the body weight support during treadmill training was performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks. In the control group, usual treadmill training was applied. Before and after experiments, temporal-spatial gait parameters were measured. The date of 14 patients who carried out the whole experimental course were statistically analyzed. The results of the study were : 1. In the comparison of gait velocity before and after experiment, the gait velocity was significantly increased in the experimental group and the control group(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the gait velocity between groups, there was not, significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 2. In comparison of gait cadence before and after experiment, the gait cadence was significantly increased in both groups(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the gait cadence between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 3. In the comparison of step length before and after experiment, the step length was significantly increased in the experimental group and the control group(p<.05). In the comparison of difference of the step length between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 4. In the comparison of single support time asymmetry before and after experiment, the single support time asymmetry was no significant difference between groups(p>.05). In the comparison of difference of the single support time asymmetry between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). 5. In the comparison of step length asymmetry before and. after experiment, the step length asymmetry was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05). In the comparison of difference of the single step length asymmetry between groups, there was not significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>.05).

• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2011

Purpose : We investigated the effect of anti-flexion taping at the proximal interphalangeal joints on the gait in stroke patients with clawing toe. Methods : Nineteen patients (mean age $63.26{\pm}9.16$ years) with clawing toe were studied. Gait performance was measured under two different conditions : (1) non-tape (2) application of tape. Gait velocity, step time and stride length were examined with the GAITRite system Results : Compared to the non-tape control condition, step time of the hemiparetic side increased significantly after the application of tape(p=0.03). There was no significant mean differences between the taped and control conditions for stride length of the hemiparetic side and velocity. Conclusion : Whilst the anti-flexion tape at the proximal interphalangeal joints changed the walking by providing significant step time effect, positive changes were noted in stride length of the hemiparetic side after tape application. These findings indicate that anti-flexion tape procedures do not significantly alter stride length of the hemiparetic side and velocity.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 1999

한려해상국립공원 남해도지구에 위치한 금산의 등산로를 대상으로 하여 등산로에 설치된 계단의 물리적 특성을 조사한 결과, 등산로 총 연장 2,126m 중에 계단이 설치된 구간은 15개 구간이며, 총 길이는 1,000.4m로 나타났다. 대다수의 등산로 계단구역의 물매는 20~40%로 나타났으나, 11번 구간, 12번 구간과 같이 경사도 45.7%, 58.4%의 계단이 268.5m, 188.6m인 구간과 13번 구간과 같이 물매가 67.8%의 급경사 등산로 구간도 설치되어 있었다. 계단형 등산로에서 등산시 탐방객이 느끼는 운동강도를 조사한 결과, 전체 구간에 있어서 등산시의 심박수는 약 104~184회/분으로 나타났으며, 계단형 등산로 구간 중 11번 구간과 12번 구간, 그리고 13번 구간의 등산시 심박수 증가율, 운동강도지수, %HRmax는 각각 166.5%, 89.1%, 92.9%와 167.4%, 89.6%, 93.2%, 그리고 157.8%, 84.5%, 89.9%로 조사되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.264-270
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• 1996

In this paper, a computer automated system has been developed for measuring the focal length of camera lens using the MTF(Modurar Transfer Function) based on the signal processing around a line CCD and autocollimator. An optical Path for the focal length measurement system has been designed around thelight sourec, collimator, camera, mirror and the line CCD. The eyepiece of the collimator is replaced byline CCD, and the mirror is moved along the focal axis by a PC driven step motor. An efficient method has been designed for finding the optimum MTF value for the focal length based on the least squares approach. The developed system is fullycomputer automated: signal transmission to and from the camera, MTF evaluation based on the line CCD, step motor contorl, etc. The developed system has been applied to a practical camera manufacturing process and demonstrated its performance

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2018

일제 강점기 여성들 one length hair style의 변천사 및 형태학적 분석을 시도한 연구로서 선행논문과 저서를 바탕으로 형태, 질감, 색상 등 헤어디자인의 구성 요소들을 분석하여 다양한 형태의 one length hair style 커트가 가능해지는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구 결과 1910년-1920년대 one length hair style은 커트 길이의 단차가 전혀 없는 out line을 지닌 형태, 자연 그대로의 모발 질감, 자연 모발 색상을 보였다. 1930년대 one length hair style은 약간의 커트 길이의 단차를 보이면서 다이아몬드 형태, 자연스런 질감의 narrow wave, 과산화수소나 oxygenated water을 이용한 약간의 탈색이 이뤄졌다. 1940년대 one length hair style은 형태, 질감, 색상 면에서 화려한 미(美)를 추구하려는 특이점이 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 one length hair style에 관한 심층적이고 세분화 된 후속 연구가 가능해지며, 헤어미용 교육의 기초 자료 및 뉴 모드의 트렌드 개발을 위한 초석으로 작용하리라 사료한다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제19권1_2호
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• pp.231-240
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• 2005

We examine the Fibonacci length of certain centro-polyhedral groups and show that in some cases the lengths depend on tribonacci sequences. Further we obtain specific examples of infinite families of three-generator groups with constant, linear and (3-step) Wall number dependent Fibonacci lengths.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.45-64
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the pelvic tilting exercise, pelvic tilting exercises with floor walking training, pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training on quantitative gait function in patients with hemiplegia. Thirty patients with hemiplegia due to cerebrovascular disease participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of pelvic tilting exercise group, pelvic tilting exercise with floor walking training group and pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training group. The effects of each therapeutic method were evaluated by measurements of gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length, base of support and foot angle using ink-foot prints. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results of this research are as followings : 1. After treatment, it turned out that pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training has the most effect on gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length and foot angle, which has significant difference in statistics (p<0.05). 2. Quantification of the gait velocity, cadence, both stride length and step length demonstrated a significant increase (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups when compared with values measured before treatment. The base of support and foot angle in affected side decreased significantly (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups when compared with values measured before treatment. 3. The lumbosacral angle noted a significant increase (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups, however, an ANOVA analysis did not reveal any differences between groups.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sciatic nerve mobilization techniques on straight leg raising (SLR) and walking ability in elderly women aged over 65. METHODS: Seventy women aged over 65 were examined using SLR test and forty women were selected as subjects. They were divided into Group I (under $70^{\circ}$ of SLR test of both legs, n=20) and Group II (over $70^{\circ}$ of SLR test of both legs, n=20). Nerve mobilization was applied to both groups (three times a week for 4 weeks). SLR angle was measured using digital goniometer and walking ability was measured by step length, stride length, velocity, double support, using GAITRite System. After 4 weeks, paired t-test was used to compare the changes of SLR test and walking ability within Group I and Group II. RESULTS: In Group I, SLR test, step length, stride length and gait velocity were significantly increased but double support was significantly difference. In Group II, SLR test, step length and stride length were significantly increased but gait velocity was not significantly increased and double support was significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: This study showed that sciatic nerve mobilization techniques had positive effects on the SLR angle and walking ability in elderly women.