• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10937-10941
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• 2015

Pathogenesis of lung cancer is a complicated biological process including multiple genetic and epigenetic changes. Since cigarette smoking is confirmed as the most main risk factor of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the aim of this study was to determine whether tobacco exposure plays a role in gene methylation. Methylation of the RAR-${\beta}$ gene were detected using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in DNA from 167 newly diagnosed cases with NSCLC and corresponding 105 controls. A significant statistical association was found in the detection rate of the promoter methylation of RAR-${\beta}$ gene between NSCLC and controls ($x^2$=166.01; p<0.01), and hypermethylation of the RAR-${\beta}$ gene was significantly associated with smoking status (p=0.038, p<0.05). No relationship was found between RAR-${\beta}$ gene methylation and pathologic staging including clinical stage, cell type, gender and drinking (p>0.05), and the methylation of RAR-${\beta}$ gene rate of NSCLC was slightly higher in stages III+IV (80.0%) than in I+II (70.8%). Similar results were obtained for methylation of the RAR-${\beta}$ gene between squamous cell carcinoma (77.9%) and other cell type lung cancer (73.9%). These results showed that the frequency of methylation increased gradually with the development of clinical stage in smoking-associated lung cancer patients, and tobacco smoke may be play a potential role in RAR-${\beta}$ gene methylation in the early pathogenesis and process in lung cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma. Aberrant promoter methylation is considered to be a promising marker of previous carcinogen exposure and cancer risk.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

The vascular plants of the 15 sites of Taeanhaean National Park were identified as 493 taxa; 117 families, 326 genera, 436 species, 49 varieties, 6 form, 2 hybrids. The National Park area includes coastal areas and islands, these islands reflects well the floristic characteristics of coastal area and transition area of the middle province and the southern province. The study revealed that Ficus erecta Thunb., Machilus thunbergii S. et Z., Neolitsea sericea (Bl.) Koidz. and Eurya japonica Thunb. etc. were the mainly distributed species in the southern area while Rosa rugosa Thunb., Carex kobomugi Ohwi and Elymus mollis Trin., etc. were mainly distributed species over the coastal dune area. Deciduous and evergreens broad-leaved trees like Acer palmatum Thunb. ex. Murray, Euonymus japonica Thunb. and Camellia japonica L., etc. were all together distributed in Taeanhaean National Park. There are no any Endangered species designated by The Ministry of Environment were not found. The floristic special plants were recorded to a total of 53 taxa; that is, class I species (41 taxa) were containing as Vitex rotundifolia L. Fil., Arisaema heterophyllum Bl. and Arisaema ringins (Thunb.) Schott, etc, class II species (1 taxon) were Iris ensata var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai, class III species (7 taxa) were containing; Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm., Salsola collina Pall. and Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq., etc, class IV species (1 taxon) were Angelica japonica A. Gray, class V species (1 taxon) were Utricularia vulgaris var. japonica (Makino) Tamura. The naturalized plants were identified a total of 52 taxa; 17 families, 44 genera, 51 species, 1 form; Solanum carolinense L., Phytolacca americana L. and Oenothera odorata Jacq., etc. Among them the ecosystem disturbance wild animals·plants was identified as Solanum carolinense L. Hypochoeris radicata L. and Solidago altissima L. The study suggests that these areas require management such as physical remove of this ecosystem disturbance field plants.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 1975

A total of 2,065 quarter milk samples of 534 dair cows from 35 herds were examined for mastis and the results obtained were as follows: 1. 654 quarters (31.6%) of 301 dairy cows (56.3%) from 34 herds (97.1%) were infected with mastitis. It was found that 8 cows (1.5%) showed clinical mastitis and other cows were subclinical. 2. Low infection rate of mastis was shown in first delivery cattle and higher infection rate in more deliverable of cattle. 3. The main causative organisms of the matitis were Staphylococcus aureus (19.4%), Streptococcus agalactiae (11.3%) and Streptococcus dysgalatiae (5%). 4. The majority of causative organisms were very resistant to colistin and highly sensitive to tetracycline. Especially Streptococcus strains were highly sensitive to leukomycin, and Staphylococcus aureus were highly sensitive to tetracycline and the other bacteria were highly sensitive to tetracycline and kanamycin.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1996

IBD's antibody level and morphological change of immune organ was examined in chicken. The results were as follows ; 1. Seventy percent at 42 day and 40% at 45 day of age chickens were reacted positively by the agar gel immunodiffusion test and 42 day and 45 day of age chickens indicated 1859, 1425 by the ELISA test, respectively. 2. In 2 and 5 day young broiler chickens, the level of maternal antibody was not proper. B/B ratio showed low level, but S/B ratio and BS were normal. 3. In layer, 100% of 8 and 86 day of age chicken and 70% at 40 day of age chicken had antibody aganist IBDV. The level of antibody was high as 2293 and 3336 in 8 and 86 day of age chicken, while was low as 1186 in 40 day of age chicken. B/B ratio showed low level and S/B ratio high level, but BS was normal.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.235-238
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• 1992

The diseased Chuckar partridges that were raised at the wild bird-raising farms located in Ockchun, Chungbuk province, were submitted for diagnosis in the laboratory in July. 1990. The diseased partridges aged 3~4 weeks old were shown clinical signs such as anorexia, depression, white-colored or transparent-watery diarrhea and dropping of the head and wings. At necropsy, major gross lesions were found in the livers, ceca and lungs. Histopathologically, numerous histomonads were observed in the necrotic tissues of the livers and ceca. In the cecal specimens, it was found that the ameboid histomonads have flagellum and the size of 10~20 micrometer. The case was confirmed as histomoniasis due to the infection of Histomonas meleagridis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 1998

The present study was carried out to investigate the biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility and toxin(ST, LT, VT1.2 type) production test of 60 Escherichia coli isolated from diseased domestic animals in southern area of Kyungbuk province from April to December 1997. 1. The biochemical and cultural reaction were consistent with the classification criteria of Edwards and Ewing. 2. In antibiotic susceptibility test, 60 E coli showed highly susceptible to CL(96.7%), XNL(86.7%), AN(81.7%), SXT(61.7%), Lin(55%), GM(53.3%), KM(41.7%), N(41.7%), ENR(40%), AM(40%), CF(30%), 5(13.3%) and Te(11.7%), in order. 3. Sixty E coli isolates were multiful resistant to seven or more antibiotics incombination. 4. Three strains for 60 E coli were detected heat-labile enterotoxin(LT) and that's titers were 2, 8 and 16, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1205-1207
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• 1999

All the submarine cable lines have been repaired restored and newly installed since 1970' s they were installed by the foreign technician around the islands off the southern and western coast of Korean peninsula. But April, 10th, 1998, for the first time in Korea, we Korean team of technicains succeeded in repairing and restoring the troubled cable lines from HEUGIL island to MASAG island, WANDO county, CHUN-NAM province. This job was done only by applying our newly researched and developed technology. The troubled cable lines were connected again by this technology.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.123-135
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between family functioning and the interpersonal relation disposition of high school students in southern Gyeonggi province. The subjects of this study were 360 high school students. The scale of family functioning was measured using the Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACES Ⅲ) developed by Olson, et al.(1985). To measure the interpersonal relation disposition, Ahn's Interpersonal Relation Disposition Scale(IRDS) was used. The data was analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple comparison(Duncan test). The major findings were as follows: There were significant differences in student's family functioning and interpersonal relation disposition according to school department and family economy level. There were significant differences in the interpersonal relation disposition according to gender. Where family functioning was higher, the students' interpersonal relation dispositions were more sympathetic, accepting and socially friendly, while being less rebellious and distrustful. As a result of this study, it is found that family functioning has effects on high school students' interpersonal relation disposition.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-44
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• 1996

This study investigated the Present traditional Korean farmhousing and Past housing (from 1928~1956) based on a survey of 23 Korean women from Kyongki Province. It was primarily concerned with a Comparison of the present and past housing ; the size and plan of the house and finishing materials of Anbang(The masters bedroom : ondol) and the kind of furniture. lighting and heating in the Anbang. I was also interested in identifying the socio-demographic and physical variables that influenced the housing, past and Present. Bibliographical studios. cultural approaches and field surveys with tape recordings and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results showed that the former Housing(averag ; 54 years ago) was very poor. Most homes lacked sufficient space. furniture and experienced a shortage of fuel. The most decisive difference from the present was the large family size. It would be beneficial to make a similar study in both the southern and northern regions of Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.435-443
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• 2009

Ba Ria - Vung Tau province in Southern Vietnam is one of the fastest economic growing areas in the country, characterized by the rapid port and industrial development along the Thi Vai river. The socio-economic situation of the area has generally been improved; however, its part of the local inhabitants has not gained benefits from the changes. 35 surface water samples and 25 sediment samples were analysed with the interpretation of the SPOT images for 1995 and 2005. The data showed that rapid port and industrial development have resulted in significant losses of mangroves and agriculture land. The surface water was seriously polluted, particularly in terms of organic materials and suspended solids. It contained high and increasing oil concentrations. The river sediment was saline and slightly alkaline. It was heavily reduced, organic-rich, and contaminated with oil and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Cr).