• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2016

In a dynamic environment autonomous robots often encounter unexpected situations that the robots have to deal with in order to continue proceeding their mission. We propose an adaptive goal-based model that allows cyber-physical systems (CPS) to update their environmental model and helps them analyze for attainment of their goals from current state using the updated environmental model and its capabilities. Information exchange approach utilizes Human-Agent-Robot-Machine-Sensor (HARMS) model to exchange messages between CPS. Model validation method uses NuSMV, which is one of Model Checking tools, to check whether the system can continue its mission toward the goal in the given environment. We explain a practical set up of the model in a situation in which homogeneous robots that has the same capability work in the same environment.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2228-2231
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• 2003

In this paper, a transcoding algorithm for the Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV) and the G.723.1 speech coder via direct parameter transformation is proposed. In contrast to the conventional tandem transcoding algorithm, the proposed algorithm converts the parameters of one coder to the Other Without going through the decoding md encoding process. The proposed algorithm is composed of four parts: the parameter decoding, line spectral pair (LSP) conversion, pitch period conversion, excitation conversion and rate selection. The evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves equivalent speech quality to that of tandem transcoding with reduced computational complexity and delay.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06c
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• pp.190-192
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• 2006

원자력 발전소의 제어 소프트웨어는 안전성이 중요시 되는 시스템이다. KNICS 컨소시엄의 APR-1400 RPS 개발 프로젝트에서는 시스템의 안전성과 품질을 높이기 위하여 요구사항을 NuSCR 정형명세로 기술하였다. 명세에 대한 분석을 위하여 SMV를 이용한 자동화된 정형검증 기법이 사용되는데, 본 논문에서는 테이블 형태의 명세인 SDT까지 그 범위를 확장하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법의 효율성을 입증하기 위하여 실제 프로젝트에서 개발중인 시스템의 일부를 예제로 사용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.1543-1546
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• 2003

잘못된 명세로 인한 자원의 손실을 악기 위해서는 반드시 명세에 대한 검증이 필요하다. 객체지향 모델링 언어의 표준인 UML은 각각의 다이어그램이 사용자의 요구사항을 정확히 반영하고 있는지를 검증하기가 매우 어렵다. 본 논문은 UML의 여러 다이어그램 중 상태 다이어그램(Statechart Diagram)의 명세에 발생해서는 안되는 상태 또는 발생할 수 없는 상태와 같은 오류의 존재여부 등의 정확성을 검증하기 위해 CTL을 이용한 정형검증도구인 SMV를 이용한다. 이를 위해 UML의 상태 다이어그램에서 상태 정보와 상태 천이 정보를 추출하여 SMV로 변환하는 규칙을 찾아내어 UML의 상태 다이어그램의 정확성 검증을 수행하는 방법을 제안하고 자동으로 변환하는 툴을 설계한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.382-385
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• 2008

본 논문은 게임 풀이를 통해서 모델 체킹 도구의 특징을 분석한다. 도망자-추적자 게임은 격자 모양의 미로에서 도망자가 추적자를 따돌리고 탈출하는 게임이다. 도망자가 격자 상에서 한 칸 움직일 때, 추적자는 일정한 패턴을 가지고 두 칸 움직인다. 이 문제를 SMV와 SPIN 모델 체커로 모델링하고 검증하는 과정을 통해서 SMV와 Spin 모델 체커의 특징을 분석한다. 실험을 통해서 우리는 최단 경로를 찾을 경우는 SMV 모델 체커를 사용해야 하고, 가능한 경로를 빨리 찾는 경우는 Spin 모델 체커가 더 적합함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.253-264
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated the occurrence of viral diseases in the early growth stage of soybean to establish management practices. We collected 83 soybean samples showing abnormal symptoms, approximately 3-4 weeks after seeding in the breeding field of the National Institute of Crop Science. Viruses were detected in the collected samples using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and metatranscriptome analysis of all those samples. The incidence of viral diseases in the field was less than 1% overall and up to 50% in certain cultivars and lines. RT-PCR and metatranscriptome analysis detected Soybean yellow mottle mosaic virus (SYMMV), Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), Soybean yellow common mosaic virus, Peanut stunt virus, and soybean geminivirus A (SGVA). Among these detected viruses, SYMMV and SMV were identified as major viruses causing infection in the early growth stage of soybean, with detection rates of 53.7% and 42.6%, respectively. Soybeans infected with SYMMV showed typical mosaic symptoms, whereas those infected with SMV showed a variety of symptoms such as mosaic, mottle, stunt, and chlorotic spots. Transmission characteristics of these viruses are variable, such that SMV is primarily transmitted by seeds, whereas SYMMV could be transmitted by insects, soil, and seeds. In this study, SGVA was detected in the early growth stage of soybean, and research on the current status and its effects on soybean after the early growth stage should be conducted.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.478-487
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• 2017

Soybean is the most important legume crop in the world. Several diseases in soybean lead to serious yield losses in major soybean-producing countries. Moreover, soybean can be infected by diverse viruses. Recently, we carried out a large-scale screening to identify viruses infecting soybean using available soybean transcriptome data. Of the screened transcriptomes, a soybean transcriptome for soybean seed development analysis contains several virus-associated sequences. In this study, we identified five viruses, including soybean mosaic virus (SMV), infecting soybean by de novo transcriptome assembly followed by blast search. We assembled a nearly complete consensus genome sequence of SMV China using transcriptome data. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the consensus genome sequence of SMV China was closely related to SMV isolates from South Korea. We examined single nucleotide variations (SNVs) for SMVs in the soybean seed transcriptome revealing 780 SNVs, which were evenly distributed on the SMV genome. Four SNVs, C-U, U-C, A-G, and G-A, were frequently identified. This result demonstrated the quasispecies variation of the SMV genome. Taken together, this study carried out bioinformatics analyses to identify viruses using soybean transcriptome data. In addition, we demonstrated the application of soybean transcriptome data for virus genome assembly and SNV analysis.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.313-316
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• 2023

Attenuated portal vein (PV) flow is challenging in pediatric liver transplantation (LT) because it is unsuitable for classic end-to-end jump graft reconstruction from a small superior mesenteric vein (SMV). We thus introduce a novel technique of an end-to-side jump graft from SMV during pediatric LT using an adult partial liver graft. We successfully performed two cases of end-to-side retropancreatic jump graft using an iliac vein graft for PV reconstruction. One patient was a 2-year-old boy with hepatoblastoma and a Yerdel grade 3 PV thrombosis who underwent split LT. Another patient was an 8-month-old girl who had biliary atresia and PV hypoplasia with stenosis on the confluence level of the SMV; she underwent retransplantation because of graft failure related to PV thrombosis. After native PV was resected at the SMV confluence level, an end-to-side reconstruction was done from the proximal SMV to an interposition iliac vein. The interposition vein graft through posterior to the pancreas was obliquely anastomosed to the graft PV. There was no PV related complication during the follow-up period. Using a jump vascular graft in an end-to-side manner to connect the small native SMV and the large graft PV is a feasible treatment option in pediatric recipients with inadequate portal flow due to thrombosis or hypoplasia of the PV.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.721-723
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• 2003

컴퓨터 시스템에 대한 보안의 필요성이 계속적으로 증대되고 있으며 이에 다양한 보안시스템들이 개발되고 있다. 이러한 보안 시스템들이 높은 등급의 평가를 받기 위해서는 정형적 방법론을 사용하여 명세 및 검증을 해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 정형 검증의 한 방법론인 모델 체킹을 이용하여 접근통제모델을 설계하고 검증하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.197-201
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• 2012

Potyviruses express their RNA genomes through the production of polyproteins that are processed in host cells by three virus-encoded proteases. Soybean plants produce large amounts of protease inhibitors during seed development and in response to wounding that could affect the activities of these proteases. The in vitro activities of two of the proteases of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and Tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV) were compared in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate in vitro translation system using synthetic RNA transcripts. Transcripts produced from SMV and TVMV cDNAs that included the P1 and helper component-protease (HC-Pro) coding regions directed synthesis of protein products that were only partially processed. Unprocessed poly-proteins were not detected from transcripts that included all of the P1, HC-Pro, P3 and portions of the cylindrical inclusion protein coding regions of either virus. Addition of soybean trypsin inhibitor to in vitro translation reactions increased the accumulation of the unprocessed polyprotein from TVMV transcripts, but did not alter the patterns of proteins produced from SMV. These experiments suggest that SMV-and TVMV-encoded proteases are differentially sensitive to protease inhibitors.