• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.527-537
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• 2010

This study are Geumjung mountain fortress of the Busan Metropolitan City in the north gate of the East gate around the trail to identify the vegetation structure importance value, dominance, species diversity, similarity index analysis. Results of the study, plot on the western slopes elevation 423-636m, slopes of $15{\sim}20^{\circ}$ slope areas, Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, Quercus acutissima, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus rigida, Carpinus coreana, Quercus mongolica are fulfilling a community. Trees layer a height 8~12m, coverage 40~70%, sub-trees layer the height 3~7m, coverage 10~80%, shrubs layer the height 0.8~1.5m, coverage 20-30%, herb layer the height 0.1~0.5m, coverage 5-10% were in the range of plot in the east slope elevation 452-647m, slopes in the slope of $5-30^{\circ}$ and Pinus rigida, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, Quercus dentata, Carpinus coreana is fulfilling a community. The trees layer height 8~13m, coverage 0~70%, sub-trees layer the height 2~6m, coverage 0~80%, shrubs layer the height 0.8~1.5m, coverage 20-40%, herb layer the height 0.1-0.5m, coverage 5-40% were in the range. The survey showed to be in relatively good vegetation, but in some areas of Pinus rigida, Quercus acutissima, as was predicted in succession, the shrub layer in the plot of some dominated vine plants and vegetation management will be needed for this purpose respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2015

Hamamelis japonica (Hamamelidaceae), widely known as Japanese witch hazel, is a deciduous flowering shrub that produces compact clumps of yellow or orange-red flowers with long and thin petals. As a part of our ongoing search for phenolic constituents from this plant, eleven phenolic constituents including six flavonol glycosides, a chalcone glycoside, two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides and two galloylated compounds were isolated from the flowers. Their structures were elucidated as methyl gallate (1), myricitrin (2), hyperoside (3), isoquercitrin (4), quercitrin (5), spiraeoside (6), kaempferol 4'-O-β-glucopyranoside (7), chalcononaringenin 2'-O-β-glucopyranoside (8), trans-tiliroside (9), cis-tiliroside (10), and pentagalloyl-O-β-D-glucose (11), respectively. These structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic studies including the on-line LCNMR-MS and conventional NMR techniques. Particularly, directly coupled LC-NMR-MS afforded sufficient structural information rapidly to identify three flavonol glycosides (2 - 4) with the same molecular weight in an extract of Hamamelis japonica flowers without laborious fractionation and purification step. Cytotoxic effects of all the isolated phenolic compounds were evaluated on HCT116 human colon cancer cells, and pentagalloyl-O-β-D-glucose (11) was found to be significantly potent in inhibiting cancer cell growth.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2004

천연생 주목군락의 구조적 특성을 이해하기 위하여 함백산의 분포지를 중심으로 조사구를 설치하여 조사, 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 천연 주목군락은 전체적인 계층별 종조성으로 볼 때, 함백산에 있어서 주목-시닥나무- 미역줄나무-큰개별꽃의 군락을 조성하는 특성을 갖고 있었다. 조사구 내에 출현한 총 종수는 109개종(목본식물 40종, 초본식물 69종)이었다. 교목층과 아교목층에서는 각각 주목과 시닥나무가 우점종이었으며, 교목층의 주요 구성종으로는 주목, 미역줄나무, 분비나무, 시닥나무, 사스래나무, 신갈나무, 고로쇠나무, 구상나무, 아교목층의 주요 구성종은 시닥나무, 나래회나무, 미역줄나무, 마가목, 당단풍, 회나무, 주목, 신갈나무 등이었다. 관목층에서는 미역줄나무가 우점종으로서 나타났으며, 주요 구성종은 미역줄나무, 붉은병꽃나무, 시닥나무, 나래회나무, 물참대, 함박꽃나무, 괴불나무 등이었다. 초본층에서는 큰개별꽃이 우점종_으로 출현하였다. 조사구 구성종에 대한 생물형은 Ph-D$_1$-R$_{5}$-e 형을 나타내었다. 조사지역의 교목층과 아교목층에 대한 흉고직경급 분석 결과 주목 천연림 군락은 장래 신갈나무를 중심으로 한 음수 교목성 수종에 의해 천이가 진행될 것으로 예상되며, 또한 미역줄나무와 같은 덩굴성 수종이 방해수종으로 존재하고 있으므로 천연림 보육 작업과 같은 대책 마련이 시급히 요구된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.801-809
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• 2019

Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai is a deciduous shrub of a flowering plant in Oleaceae. It is an important plant resource and consists of only one species in the entire world. A. distichum Nakai is well known an edible, medicinal herb in its habitat districts, but the toxicological evaluation for the safe use of its extract is still insufficient. The study characterized the toxicity of an Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai ethanol extract in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and determined the safe dosage levels in a 13 weeks toxicity study. Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai ethanol extract was orally administered once daily for 2 weeks at 0, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day to male and female SD rats. while recording the clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, food intake/consumption, eye test and urine analysis. Only the total protein frequency in the urine of male SD rats (p<0.05), the right ovary of the 500 mg/kg group (p<0.01) and the right adrenal gland of the 1,000 mg/kg group (p<0.05) in the female rats showed statistically significant changes. But no toxic effects were noted from repeated-dose administration of the Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai ethanol extract in the SD rats during the observation period. The post-mortem examinations showed no test substance-mediated changes. The hematological analysis and clinical blood chemistry data demonstrated no toxic effects from repeated-dose administration of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai ethanol extract in the SD rats during the observation period. Based on these results, this data suggests that a dose of 1,000 mg/kg/day is a highest treatment to administer when conducting a further 13 weeks toxicity study.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.447-461
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• 2018

To realize river restoration that ecological characteristics of the river are reflected, we classified the river into four reaches of valley stream, upstream, midstream, and downstream based on substrate as well as riverbed gradient obtained from the relationship between distance from the river mouth, and above sea level. Considering that the rivers of Korea have been dominated by various and intense artificial interferences over a lengthy period, we determined cross sectional range of the river based on the geological map and clarified transformation degree by reach. Vegetation profile diagram was prepared by depicting horizontal range and vertical stratification of major vegetation appearing in a belt transect of 10 m breadth installed between weirs constructed in both sides of the river. Restoration models by river reach were prepared based on breadth of waterway, bare ground, herb, shrub, and tree dominated vegetation zones on vegetation profiles wherein a flooding regime was reflected. Species composition information collected from vegetation established in each zone was systematized to use for restoring each reach ecologically. Further, background that longitudinal reaches and horizontal zones were divided, was discussed by comparing with case studies in foreign countries. In addition, necessity of ecological restoration of the river was discussed based on degree of integrity of Korean rivers, ecological significance of riparian vegetation, and importance of reference information for ecological restoration of the river.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권5호
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• pp.539-547
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity, spore density and root colonization in relation to site ages at expressway cut-slopes in Korea. Stabilization of exposed surface involved soil amendments and spraying seed mixture of turf grasses and/or nitrogen-fixing shrub species. Eighteen sites were selected with varying ages (2 to 16 years). Soil samples collected in October from each site were analyzed for fungal diversity and spore counts. Fine root samples from the plants were assayed for fungal colonization. Of the total 37 plants inspected in the sites, 26 species had endomycorrhizal colonization with an average root colonization rate of 18%, and with a range from 1 to 67%. The average endomycorrhizal colonization rate of initially introduced Festuca arundinacea which became the most dominant grass in later stage showed 22.8%, while that of Lespedeza bicolor which became the most dominant woody species were 21.6%. Naturally-invading Robinia pseudoacacia showed higher colonization rate in the old sites. Although site age did not show significant effects on fungal diversity, the root colonization rates of initially introduced plants decreased with the site aging, while those of invading plants increased with aging of the sites. The soil chemical properties, pH, N, and P contents, were negatively correlated with spore density, root colonization and endomycorrhizal species diversity. A total of forty arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species in seven genera were identified. Of the 40 species, Acaulospora lacunosa, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus constrictum, Scutellospora erythropa, and Acaulospora spinosa were the five most dominant species in the decreasing order.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.17-17
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• 2018

Panax ginseng Meyer is a perennial medicinal plant, the roots of which has been used in the traditional formulations in Oriental countries. To understand its floral transition, we isolated Flowering Locus T (FT) from ginseng, the bioinformatics analysis of PgFT has revealed a considerable homology to the higher plants, with the essential amino acids for FT function are conserved. The phylogenetic analysis has shown that the PgFT is belonged to the shrub classes of plants and closest kin to Jatropha curcas FT. The expression profiling from juvenile (2-year-old) were abundant in leaves as well as in root and was concentrated in the secondary leaflet and stem bottom in adult (4-year-old) ginseng plant tissues, moreover PgFT transcript displayed photoperiod dependent oscillation. The ectopic expression of PgFT in Arabidopsis thaliana, exhibit precocious flowering and several floral pathway integrators were up-regulated, interestingly their root length was increased in the transgenic seedlings. Therefore, we could conclude that PgFT encodes a florigen that acts as a key regulator in the flowering pathway in ginseng and hypothesize that, it might involve in the underground organ development as well. We believe our finding could provoke future studies on the physiology and development in P. ginseng.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

모감주나무군락지인 안면도 승언리, 대구 내곡동, 포항시 유강리, 양학리, 발산리, 대동배리,모포리, 서촌리를 대상으로 모감주나무군락의 종조성과 군락유형을 분석하였다. 2002년 4월부터 2003년 9월까지 모감주나무군락의 자연식생을 Braun-Blanquet의 방법에 의해 8개 지소에 68개의 방형구를 설치, 식생 자료를 수집하여 종조성표를 작성하였다. 그 결과 전 조사지 역에서 는 총 201종이 출현하였으며 식피율은 교목층 $30\~100\%$, 관목층 $0\~90\%$, 초본층 $20\~100\%$였다. 주름조개풀, 칡, 떡갈나무, 사위질빵, 쥐똥나무, 찔레, 쑥, 환삼덩굴, 아까시나무가 출현빈도가 높았다. 분류법과 서열법을 통해 군락을 분석하기 위해 TWINSPAN과 DECORANA를 사용하였으며 TWINSPAN을 이용하여 68개의 방형구에 대한 군락 분석을 수행한 결과3개의 그룹으로 구분되 었으며 DECORANA를 이용하여 서열 분석을 한 결과 68개의 방형구는 I축의 값을 기준으로 3개의 군락으로 나누어졌다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.873-884
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• 2013

This study was carried out to establish the conservation plan of specific plants by surveying and analyse the individuals and the environment of habitats on specific plants designated by Juwangsan national park office. The specific plants were 14 species including Berchemia berchemiaefolia, Hylotelephium ussuriense, Aristolochia manshuriensis, Lilium cernuum, Thalictrum coreanum, Exochorda serratifolia, Lilium distichum, Aristolochia contorta, Jeffersonia dubia, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Salix chaenomeloids, Eranthis stellata, Scopolia japonica, and Paeonia japonica. The habitats of specific plants were 40 sites including Berchemia berchemiaefolia of 11 sites, Hylotelephium ussuriense of 8 sites, Lilium cernuum and Thalictrum coreanum of each 3 sites, Exochorda serratifolia of 2 sites, and Lilium distichum, Aristolochia contorta, Jeffersonia dubia, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Salix chaenomeloids, Eranthis stellata, Scopolia japonica and Paeonia japonica of each 1 site. The altitude was the most in 300~400 m. In direction, NW was the most, and it showed SW in that order. The slope angle was the most in 0~10%, and the cliff showed in that order. In the results of species composition by stratum layer, Berchemia berchemiaefolia had the most, 15 species, in tree layer. In shrub and herb layer, this had the most as 20 species and 29 species, too. The species that occupied the largest size was Salix chaenomeloids in 2,500 $m^2$, and Jeffersonia dubia showed 1,500 $m^2$ in that order. The conservation of specific plants is to accomplish the ex situ and in situ conservation at the same time.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권3호
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• pp.378-383
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• 2000

독일 Eifel 산맥일대 구주적송(Pinus sylvestris) 조림지의 생태학적 산림경영을 위한 기본정보를 수집하기 위하여 식물사회학적 방법으로 산림식생이 분류되었으며, 분류된 각 군락에 대하여 그들의 생태학적 특성이 분석, 기술되었다. 유럽적송 인공림은 적습지의 Vaccinium myrtillus-Pinus sylvestris군락, 습지의 Pteridium aquilium-Pinus sylvestris 군락, B층 토양이 굳어진 Molinia caerulea-Pinus sylvestris 군락 그리고 건조지의 Festuca tenuifolia-Pinus sylvestris 군락으로 구분되었다. 관목층이하의 교목성 수종을 토대로 천이경향을 분석한 결과, V. myrtillus-P. sylvestris 군락, Pteridium aquilium-Pinus sylvestris 군락 그리고 Molinia caerulea-Pinus sylvestris 군락은 참나무류림의 도중단계를 지나 유럽너도밤나무(Fagus sylvatica)림으로, Festuca tenuifolia-Pinus sylvestris 군락은 구주적송이 극상림으로 남을 것으로 예상되었다.