• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.515-524
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• 2000

The present study was conducted to investigate the phage types(PT) of Salmonella enteritidis(SE) isolated from animals and human patients in Korea during the period 1993-1999. SE were isolated from chickens including the layer and broiler, duck, rat, swine and human patients in nationwide scale. A total of 231 non-human and 14 human SE strains were phage typed and 80.4%(197/245) of SE isolates tested could discriminate as a ten SEPTs including the RDNC by the 10 standard phages, which were brought from the Central Public Health Laboratory in England. In analysing of phage types both animal and human SE isolates, SEPT 4(55.4%) was the most prevalent in domestic animals including the layer(39.3%) and broiler(64.5%), duck(55.5%), and swine(75.0%) since 1993. About 57% of the S enteritidis from human was SEPT 4. Along with SEPT 4, SEPT 1, SEPT 6a, SEPT 7 and SEPT 7a var, SEPT 9b, SEPT 15, SEPT 21b and SEPT 22 were also found from animal and human SE isolates. SEPT 4(40.0%) was isolated from frozen chicken meats imported from China along with SEPT 7 and 7a var strains in this study. In conclusion, SEPT 4 was the most predominant SEPT in our country regardless of animal or human hosts including the Che-Ju island and almost exclusively found in domestic poultry(layer and broiler). During the review period, SEPT 4 has already been spreading continually among the animal hosts since 1993.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2005

In previous studies, it has been reported that both S. enteritidis, the most common serotype, and S. enteritidis Phage Type 4 (SEPT 4) isolates were identified as the most prevalent PT in domestic poultry and also in humans in Korea until 2002. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and epidemiological properties of both PT isolates, and also to trace the source of SEPT 4 isolates from domestic poultry and humans by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In order to understand the molecular epidemiologic properties of SEPT 4 isolates, which have very similar phenotypic properties to our preliminary investigations (serotyping, phage typing, large plasmids and antibiograms), PFGE analysis with XbaI enzyme was performed on the representative SEPT 4 isolates. Thirty-six SEPT 4 isolates were analyzed and differentiated with 10 pulsed-field profiles (PFP) expressing very high discriminative ability (SID: 0.921). In PFP, SEPT 4 isolates from human patients showed a perfect genetic match with those from broiler chickens and meats. Therefore, this study was able to successfully trace the major source of SEPT 4 isolates and also to determine the usefulness of the PFGE method for genetic analysis of epidemic strains.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.81-94
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• 1971

적기의 조상중간벌채시기 및 잔조에서의 적엽정도가 재발아와 선단고사, 수량 및 아고병등의 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사한바, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 조상의 중간벌채시기가 늦어지는데 따라서 재발아 조수가 감소하는 것이며 또 잔조에 잔엽을 많이 할수록 재발아조수가 적어질뿐만아니라 재발아엽수도 적어지는데 잔엽은 잔조의 상부에 하여야만 재발아억제의 효과가 있는 것이니 실용적으로는 3∼5 엽정도의 잔엽이 유리할 것 같다. 3∼5엽정도 잔엽을 하고 9월 20일 이후벌채를 하면 재발아조수가 격감한다. 2. 벌채후의 잔조에서 전적엽을 하면 지조의 선단고사비율이 매우 높고 상반부적엽구도 그외의 다른구들보다 약간 많은 것 같으며 벌채시기에 따라서는 전적엽구를 제외한 다른구에서는 별로 차가 없는 것 같지만 전적엽구만은 9월 15일 벌채구가 특히 높으니 이것은 전적엽으로 인한 지조의 불윤실과 이때의 온도조건이 아지병균의 기생에 호적하였다는 것이 그 원인인 것 같다. 3. 수량과의 관계를 보면 추잠기는 벌채시기에 따라서는 별로 차가 없지만 잔조에시의 적엽양이 많아질수록 전수량이 많아진다. 춘잠기수량은 무적엽구와 전적엽구는 벌채시기의 여하에 불구하고 가장 적으며 무적엽구를 제외한 그 외의 각구에서는 9월 15일과 9월 20일 벌채구가 수량이 발은 반면에 이보다 이르거나 늦은 경우에는 수량이 적어진다. 또 적엽각구는 9월 15일과 9월 20일 벌채구를 제외하고는 대체로 무적엽구보다 적으니 추기에 있어서의 적엽이 익춘기의 수량에 상당한 영향을 미치고 있다. 춘추합계수량에 있어서는 무적엽구와 전적엽구보다 그 외의 각구가 수량이 많으며 그 중에서도 9월 15일과 9월 20일 벌채구가 특히 많고 잔엽정도에 따르는 차는 별로 없는 것 같다. 이것을 종합해 볼때에 연간수량이 가장 많은 것은 9월 15일∼20일경에 중간벌채수확을 한후 그잔조에 3∼5 엽잔엽을 하는 방법이며 9월 5일∼10일 벌채구도 무적엽구나 그 이후의 벌채구와 별로 차가 없다. 4. 잔조에 발생하는 병은 아고병 가장 심하고 맛사리아병과 동고병도 약간 발생하였으며 아고병은 전적엽구에 가장 심하게 발생하였고 시기적으로는 9월 15일구에서 지수 92.9, 9월 20 일구에서는 지수 100으로 가장 심하게 발생하였으며 상반부적엽구에서도 상당히 발생하였고 무적엽구는 거의 발생하지 않았다. 5. 재발아비율 및 평균재발아엽수와 익춘잠기 수량과의 사이에는 각각 상관계수 r=-0.42, r=-0.27로서 부외 상관을 가지고 있으나 깊은 상관관계는 없으며 선단고사비율 및 아고병발생비율과 익춘잠기수량과의 사이에는 거의 상관이 없다. 아고병발생비율과 선단고사비율과의 사이에는 상관계수 r=＋0.8로서 깊은 정의 상관이 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to establish shade-method suited to on tile artificial propagation of Lycoris radiata HERB. The ligilt intensity in the native habitatwas 30 kux in March and 3.2 Klux from June to sept. The average light intensityin tile open area was 137 Klux in June. The plant height and number of Ieaves wasgood at the 35% to 55% shadeing net. Bloonling time of Lycoris radiata HERB was inthe last of Sept. Yeild of bulb was increased in 35% to 55% of shadeing net.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the isolation prequency, serotypes, and related epidemiological properties of 341 Salmonella spp from domestic poultry and environmental samples during the period 1993-1995. A total of 1,918 samples was collected during the three years period in nationwide. Most of Salmonella spp were isolated from the intestinal contents of poultry, especially cecal(46.0%) and rectal(35.8%) contents. Among the tested samples, rat(28.5 %) was the most predominant Salmonella reservoirs and followed by duck(24.8%), broiler(18.8%), layer(14.8%) and feed(7.1%), in order. More than twelve Salmonella serovars were identified among the 341 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent serotypes isolated from non-human sources were S enteritidis (22.3%) and S pullorum (21.9%), S muenchen (13.9%), S typhimurium (12.6%), S gallinarum, S meleagridis, S heidelberg, and S senftenberg were followed, in order. In layer chickens, S pullorum (26.0%) was the most predominant serotype but S muenchen (33.0%) was in broiler chickens, S enteritidis (28.4%) was in ducks, and S typhimurium (60.0%) was in rats, respectively. As a results, S enteritidis was identified as the most prevalent serotype in non-human Salmonella isolates in Korea during the period 1993-1995. A preliminary study on the phage typing of 19 S enteritidis selected from the nationwide scale was shown that S enteritidis phage type(PT) 4 was the most predominant PT, and SEPT 1, SEPT 6a, SEPT 7 and SEPT 7a variant were also found in the same period.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.611-617
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• 2008

This study was conducted to examine the yield of lotus leaves and roots per one native white lotus grown in Hoesan, Muan of Jeonnam districts, which were promoted by Muan-Gun, Jeonnam as a local speciality. We planted the rhizomes with 2 internodes in a rubber pot in the middle of April. Then on September, 24, 2008, we dug out the main rhizomes and it had grown by 810cm. From the data, the leaf area was $34,442\;cm^2$, the fresh leaf weight was 1,230g, and the dry leaf weight was 235.4g. The weight of the edible fresh stalk and dry weight leaf were 1,325g and 164.3g. Yield of the white lotus root were 1,480g on Sept. 4, 3,880g on Sept. 20 and 4,172g on Oct. 18. Native white lotus are able to be harvested early as September, however, it is be better that it is harvested in the middle of October based on the yield.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to measure perceiving extent on father and mother's authority - domain perceived by child and the some materials for bringing up authority - domain in according to the sex and development level of child. The study subjects were children of 3rd elementary schools and 3rd middle schools at Cheong - ju city Chungcheongbuk - do and duration for investigation was from Sept. 24, '97 to Sept. 28, '97. The measuring sample was "Parents' Authority Index" by Kim, Kyeong - hee(1990). The Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t - test and ANOVA using the SPSSWIN program. The conclusion of this study were as follows; 1. The perceptive extent regarding parents' authorities has shown very voluntary differences in identity authority. It has shown voluntary differences ligitimacy authority and competency authority as well. 2. In the father's authority - domain based on the child's sex, girl group recognized higher than boy group for the ligitmacy authority as a elementary school students. 3. In the father's authority - domain aspect based on child's developing level, for the ligitmacy authority boy group showed most voluntary difference. In the mother's authority based on child's developing level, all of boy and girl group recognized highly exchange authority with a voluntary difference. 4. In concering the correlation of each authority - domains to father and mother percevied by children, it was shown the highest within identical realm.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.209-213
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• 1986

사과, 복숭아, 배나무등을 가해(加害)하는 진딧물의 종류(種類)와 우점종(優占種) 및 발생소장(發生消長)을 $'82{\sim}'84$년(年)까지 농기연(農技硏)과 원예시험장(園藝試驗場)의 살충제(殺蟲劑) 무살포(無撤布) 과수원(果樹園)에서 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 사과나무를 가해(加害)하는 진딧물은 사과혹진딧물과 조팝나무진딧물로 우점종(優占種)은 $4{\sim}7$월(月)에 사과혹진딧물, $8{\sim}10$월(月)에 조팝나무진딧물로 시기(時期)에 따라서 변화(變化)하였고, 사과혹진딧물은 6월상순(月上旬), 8월상순(月上旬), 10월상순(月上旬)에, 조팝나무진딧물은 6월상순(月上旬), 8월중순(月中旬), 9월하순(月下旬)에 최대밀도(最大密度)를 형성(形成)하였다. 그 이후(以後)에는 복숭아가루진딧물진딧물이었으며, 복숭아혹진딧물은 5월하순(月下旬)$\sim$6월상순(月上旬), 복숭아가루진딧물은 6월중순(月中旬)과 10월중순(月中旬)에 최대밀도(最大密度)를 형성(形成)하였다. 3. 배나무를 가해(加害)하는 진딧물은 배나무동글밑진딧물, 자주동글진딧물, 조팝나무진딧물등으로 우점종은 4월(月)$\sim$6월(月)과 10월(月)에는 배나무동글밑진 2. 복숭아나무를 가해(加害)하는 진딧물은 복숭아혹진딧물, 복숭아가루진딧물, 복숭아잎혹진딧물등으로 우점종(優占種)은 초봄에는 복숭아혹진딧물이었고 딧물, $7{\sim}9$월(月)에는 조팝나무진딧물이였으며, 배나무동글밑진딧물은 5월하순(月下旬)과 10월하순(月下旬)에 조팝나무진딧물은 6월상순(月上旬)과 9월상순(月上旬)에 최대밀도(最大密度)를 형성(形成)하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.186-195
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• 2002

This study was to identify and clarify the relationship between perceived health, self-esteem, and self-care agencies for promoting self care among Korean adolescents. Method: Data were collected from 817 adolescents in schools located in Seoul, Kyungki-do, and Chuncheon from Sept, 16th to Sept, 28th, 1999, and from Mar 10th to Mar 25th, 2000. The instruments used for this study were the Health Self-Rating Scale, Self-Care Agency Assessment Questionnaire (Denyes, 1981), the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1971). Result: 1) The mean perceived health status among Korean adolescents was 8.75 (SD=1.72) 2) The mean self-esteem was 27.27 (SD=4.64). 3) The mean self-care agency was 99.64 (SD=21.02) and the average self-care agency score was 3.99 (SD=0.84). In the subcategories, the highest degree was feelings towards health (4.15), followed by ego strength (4.06), attending to health (3.87), general health knowledge (3.56), and the lowest degree was specific health knowledge (3.20) 4) There was statistical significant differences between demographic factors and self-care agencies, expecially, gender (t=28.65), grade (F=3.79), pocket money (t=5.72), and height (F=9.82) 5) The statistical relationship between perceived health status, self-esteem, and self-care agencies were found to have a positive correlation. 6) Self-care agencies among adolescents was the highest factor predicting self-esteem (15%). Conclusion: The relationship between perceived health status, self-esteem, and self-care agencies revealed a significant positive correlation among adolescents. Therefore, nursing intervention for adolescents needs to develop self-esteem programs to increase self-care agencies

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2001

Objectives: This study attempted to investigate the allergic histories and the distribution of offending allergens in the general public and further to help their diagnosis and treatment with Oriental Medicine. Methods: Allergic skin tests (AST) were performed and allergic histories were taken of 359 members of the general public who visited the International Exhibition on Oriental Medicine from Sept. 1 to Sept. 5, 2000. The allergen reagents for AST were three (House dust, D. farinae, Dog hair) and the control reagent was histamine solution. Results: 1.50.1 % of the subjects (n=359) were positive to AST. The ratio between males' positivity and females' was 1.06：1. 2. The younger the subjects were, the higher the positivity was. 3. The positive subjects' (n=180) positivity to three allergens was as follows: D. farinae 98.9%, House dust 30.0%, Dog hair 1.7%. 4. The younger the positive subjects were, the higher the positivity to House dust was. In contrast, the positivity to D. farinae was high in all age groups. 5.71.1 % of the positive subjects reacted positively to monotype allergen and 28.9% reacted positively to multiple allergens (2.46：1). The most common monotype allergen was D. farinae (98.4%) and the most common combination of multiple allergens was House dust and D. farinae (94.2%). 6.52.8% of the positive subjects (n=180) and 51.4% of the negative subjects (n=179) represented the history of allergic diseases. There was no relationship between allergic skin test and allergic diseases. Conclusion: To help in diagnosis and treatment with oriental medicine, research to analyze the relationship between allergic skin test and allergic diseases should be continued on the basis of Oriental medical theories.