• Title/Summary/Keyword: SEPT 4

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Phage types of Salmonella enteritidis isolated from animal and human in Korea (한국의 동물과 사람에서 분리한 Salmonella enteritidis의 phage types)

  • Woo, Yong-ku;Park, Mi-sun;Woo, Seung-ryong;Kim, Bong-hwan;Kim, Jae-hak
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.515-524
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    • 2000
  • The present study was conducted to investigate the phage types(PT) of Salmonella enteritidis(SE) isolated from animals and human patients in Korea during the period 1993-1999. SE were isolated from chickens including the layer and broiler, duck, rat, swine and human patients in nationwide scale. A total of 231 non-human and 14 human SE strains were phage typed and 80.4%(197/245) of SE isolates tested could discriminate as a ten SEPTs including the RDNC by the 10 standard phages, which were brought from the Central Public Health Laboratory in England. In analysing of phage types both animal and human SE isolates, SEPT 4(55.4%) was the most prevalent in domestic animals including the layer(39.3%) and broiler(64.5%), duck(55.5%), and swine(75.0%) since 1993. About 57% of the S enteritidis from human was SEPT 4. Along with SEPT 4, SEPT 1, SEPT 6a, SEPT 7 and SEPT 7a var, SEPT 9b, SEPT 15, SEPT 21b and SEPT 22 were also found from animal and human SE isolates. SEPT 4(40.0%) was isolated from frozen chicken meats imported from China along with SEPT 7 and 7a var strains in this study. In conclusion, SEPT 4 was the most predominant SEPT in our country regardless of animal or human hosts including the Che-Ju island and almost exclusively found in domestic poultry(layer and broiler). During the review period, SEPT 4 has already been spreading continually among the animal hosts since 1993.

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Finding the Sources of Korean Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis PT4 Isolates by Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis

  • Woo Yong-Ku
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.424-429
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    • 2005
  • In previous studies, it has been reported that both S. enteritidis, the most common serotype, and S. enteritidis Phage Type 4 (SEPT 4) isolates were identified as the most prevalent PT in domestic poultry and also in humans in Korea until 2002. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and epidemiological properties of both PT isolates, and also to trace the source of SEPT 4 isolates from domestic poultry and humans by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In order to understand the molecular epidemiologic properties of SEPT 4 isolates, which have very similar phenotypic properties to our preliminary investigations (serotyping, phage typing, large plasmids and antibiograms), PFGE analysis with XbaI enzyme was performed on the representative SEPT 4 isolates. Thirty-six SEPT 4 isolates were analyzed and differentiated with 10 pulsed-field profiles (PFP) expressing very high discriminative ability (SID: 0.921). In PFP, SEPT 4 isolates from human patients showed a perfect genetic match with those from broiler chickens and meats. Therefore, this study was able to successfully trace the major source of SEPT 4 isolates and also to determine the usefulness of the PFGE method for genetic analysis of epidemic strains.

The Study on the Effect to the Yields with the Intermediate Cutting Periods of Mulberry Branch and at the Picking Levels of Leaf Remains in Autumn (추잠기 중간벌채시기 및 잔조에서의 적엽정도가 뽕의 수량에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 김문협;김호락;최하자
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.81-94
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    • 1971
  • This research is conducted to study the effect to rebbuding, death atop, yielding and occurrence of twig blight disease with the interemediate cutting periods of mulberry branch and at the picking levels of leaf remains in autumn. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Re-budding branches are decreased with delaying of interval cutting period, and that more leaves remained lesser both re-budding branches and buds are observed. Therefore, it is better that leaves remained are placed on the upper part of branch, practically with 3-5 leaf remains. It has decreased re-budding branches, in case cutting is conducted in Sept. 20 with picking leaving 3-5 leaf on. 2. With regard that all picking increases the percentage of death atop of the branch and upper half part picking increases slightly over the other treats. Although it seems unlikely to be different in the other treats with cutting period, exception of all picking, it is elucidated better that the all picking after cutting in Sept. 15 represents unusually high, seemingly effected by the temperature contition preferable to the life of twig blight disease along with the lack of branch nutrition caused by the all picking. 3. In view of yielding, it has no difference in autumn yielding with cutting period, but more picking levels of leaf remains, more yielding. In spring yield, both no picking and all picking is the lowest, in spite of cutting period. Each treat produces high yielding except the no picking if rutting is done in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20, respectively; otherwise it is done earlier or later, each treat produces low yielding. It is suggested that yielding ability in following spring affected by the autumn picking because all picking treats represent lower yielding ability than no picking ones except of cutting in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20. With respect to total yield in spring and autumn, it is represented that other treats, among which cutting in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20 is especially high, produce higher yielding than both no picking and all picking. But no difference seemed in leaf remained treats. In these respects, it may be concluded that 3-5 leaf remains after the interval cutting in Sept. 15 to Sept. 20 increases the yielding throughout two seasons and it is suggested that 3-5 leaf remains after cutting in Sept. 5 to Sept. 10 has no difference with no picking and cutting after that day. 4. Diseases in the branch remained are twig blight, massaria-bye, and Die-back, of which twig blight attacks tremendously and slight ouurence in messaria-byo and Die-back. In ouurence of twig blight, it is appeared much in all picking and seasonal occurence high in Sept. 15 with 92.9, and in Sept. 30 with 100 as index, respectively. Also it occurs ,considerably in upper part picking but little occurrence in no picing. 5. It is considered that negative correlation among re-budding percentage. No. of re-budding leaf, and spring yielding is found, seemingly without heavy correlation at -0.42, and -0.27, respectively. However, death atop of branch and occurence of twig blight has little correlation with spring yield. On the other hand, positive correlation highly appeared with the correlation coefficient at 0.8 between occurence of twig blight and death atop of branch.

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The study on the culture of Lycoris radiata HERB in Medicinal Plant II. The Effect of Shade net on Growth and Bulb Yield (약용식물인 석산의 재배학적 연구 II. 광강도가 석산의 생육 및 인경수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 이종일
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.23-27
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    • 1991
  • This experiment was conducted to establish shade-method suited to on tile artificial propagation of Lycoris radiata HERB. The ligilt intensity in the native habitatwas 30 kux in March and 3.2 Klux from June to sept. The average light intensityin tile open area was 137 Klux in June. The plant height and number of Ieaves wasgood at the 35% to 55% shadeing net. Bloonling time of Lycoris radiata HERB was inthe last of Sept. Yeild of bulb was increased in 35% to 55% of shadeing net.

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Characteristics of Salmonella species isolated from domestic poultry and environmental samples in Korea (우리나라의 가금과 환경에서 분리한 Salmonella species의 특성)

  • Woo, Yong-ku;Lee, Hee-soo;Lee, Young-ju;Kang, Min-su;Kim, Bong-hwan;Kim, Jae-hak
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.505-514
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to investigate the isolation prequency, serotypes, and related epidemiological properties of 341 Salmonella spp from domestic poultry and environmental samples during the period 1993-1995. A total of 1,918 samples was collected during the three years period in nationwide. Most of Salmonella spp were isolated from the intestinal contents of poultry, especially cecal(46.0%) and rectal(35.8%) contents. Among the tested samples, rat(28.5 %) was the most predominant Salmonella reservoirs and followed by duck(24.8%), broiler(18.8%), layer(14.8%) and feed(7.1%), in order. More than twelve Salmonella serovars were identified among the 341 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent serotypes isolated from non-human sources were S enteritidis (22.3%) and S pullorum (21.9%), S muenchen (13.9%), S typhimurium (12.6%), S gallinarum, S meleagridis, S heidelberg, and S senftenberg were followed, in order. In layer chickens, S pullorum (26.0%) was the most predominant serotype but S muenchen (33.0%) was in broiler chickens, S enteritidis (28.4%) was in ducks, and S typhimurium (60.0%) was in rats, respectively. As a results, S enteritidis was identified as the most prevalent serotype in non-human Salmonella isolates in Korea during the period 1993-1995. A preliminary study on the phage typing of 19 S enteritidis selected from the nationwide scale was shown that S enteritidis phage type(PT) 4 was the most predominant PT, and SEPT 1, SEPT 6a, SEPT 7 and SEPT 7a variant were also found in the same period.

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Productivity of Native White Lotus Leaves and Root Grown in Hoesan, Muan of Jeonnam Districts (전남 무안 회산지 자생 백련의 잎과 연근의 생산력)

  • Im, Myung-Hee;Park, Yong-Seo;Lee, Mi-Kyung;Cho, Ja-Yong;Heo, Buk-Gu
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.611-617
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to examine the yield of lotus leaves and roots per one native white lotus grown in Hoesan, Muan of Jeonnam districts, which were promoted by Muan-Gun, Jeonnam as a local speciality. We planted the rhizomes with 2 internodes in a rubber pot in the middle of April. Then on September, 24, 2008, we dug out the main rhizomes and it had grown by 810cm. From the data, the leaf area was $34,442\;cm^2$, the fresh leaf weight was 1,230g, and the dry leaf weight was 235.4g. The weight of the edible fresh stalk and dry weight leaf were 1,325g and 164.3g. Yield of the white lotus root were 1,480g on Sept. 4, 3,880g on Sept. 20 and 4,172g on Oct. 18. Native white lotus are able to be harvested early as September, however, it is be better that it is harvested in the middle of October based on the yield.

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Parental Authorities Perceived by Children of Elementary and Middle School (초.중학교 아동이 지각하는 부모의 권위)

  • Jang, Hye-Ja;Chong, Young-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study was to measure perceiving extent on father and mother's authority - domain perceived by child and the some materials for bringing up authority - domain in according to the sex and development level of child. The study subjects were children of 3rd elementary schools and 3rd middle schools at Cheong - ju city Chungcheongbuk - do and duration for investigation was from Sept. 24, '97 to Sept. 28, '97. The measuring sample was "Parents' Authority Index" by Kim, Kyeong - hee(1990). The Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t - test and ANOVA using the SPSSWIN program. The conclusion of this study were as follows; 1. The perceptive extent regarding parents' authorities has shown very voluntary differences in identity authority. It has shown voluntary differences ligitimacy authority and competency authority as well. 2. In the father's authority - domain based on the child's sex, girl group recognized higher than boy group for the ligitmacy authority as a elementary school students. 3. In the father's authority - domain aspect based on child's developing level, for the ligitmacy authority boy group showed most voluntary difference. In the mother's authority based on child's developing level, all of boy and girl group recognized highly exchange authority with a voluntary difference. 4. In concering the correlation of each authority - domains to father and mother percevied by children, it was shown the highest within identical realm.

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Colonizing Aphid Species and Their Seasonal Fluctuations on Some Fruit Trees in Suweon (주요(主要) 과수(果樹)에서 발생(發生)하는 진딧물의 종류(種類)와 발생소장(發生消長)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Seok-Whan;Lee, S.W.;Kim, I.S.;Lee, M.H.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.25 no.4 s.69
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    • pp.209-213
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    • 1986
  • Dominant aphid species and seasonal fluctuations of the colonizing aphids on apple tree, peach tree, and pear tree were examined without insecticide treatment during $1982{\sim}1984$ in Suweon. The dominant species among the colonizing aphids in each fruit tree were Myzus malisuctus in April-June and Aphis citricola in Aug.-Oct. on apple tree; Myzus persicae in early springtime and Hyalopterus pruni in May-Oct. on peach tree; Sappaphis piri in April-June, Oct. and Aphis citricola in July-Sept. on pear tree. M. malisuctus and A. citricola on apple tree showed 3 peaks a year; the former was early June, late Aug. and early Oct., the latter early June, middle Aug. and late Sept. M. persicae on peach tree showed peak on late May to early June, and H. pruni on middle June and middle Oct. S. piri and A. citricola on pear tree showed 2 peaks a year; the former was late May and late Oct., the latter early June and early Sept.

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The Correlational Analysis between Perceived Heath Status, Self-Esteem, and Self-Care Agencies among Adolescents (청소년이 지각한 건강상태, 자아존중감, 자가간호역량간의 관계분석)

  • 장희정;신윤희
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.186-195
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    • 2002
  • This study was to identify and clarify the relationship between perceived health, self-esteem, and self-care agencies for promoting self care among Korean adolescents. Method: Data were collected from 817 adolescents in schools located in Seoul, Kyungki-do, and Chuncheon from Sept, 16th to Sept, 28th, 1999, and from Mar 10th to Mar 25th, 2000. The instruments used for this study were the Health Self-Rating Scale, Self-Care Agency Assessment Questionnaire (Denyes, 1981), the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1971). Result: 1) The mean perceived health status among Korean adolescents was 8.75 (SD=1.72) 2) The mean self-esteem was 27.27 (SD=4.64). 3) The mean self-care agency was 99.64 (SD=21.02) and the average self-care agency score was 3.99 (SD=0.84). In the subcategories, the highest degree was feelings towards health (4.15), followed by ego strength (4.06), attending to health (3.87), general health knowledge (3.56), and the lowest degree was specific health knowledge (3.20) 4) There was statistical significant differences between demographic factors and self-care agencies, expecially, gender (t=28.65), grade (F=3.79), pocket money (t=5.72), and height (F=9.82) 5) The statistical relationship between perceived health status, self-esteem, and self-care agencies were found to have a positive correlation. 6) Self-care agencies among adolescents was the highest factor predicting self-esteem (15%). Conclusion: The relationship between perceived health status, self-esteem, and self-care agencies revealed a significant positive correlation among adolescents. Therefore, nursing intervention for adolescents needs to develop self-esteem programs to increase self-care agencies

Clinical Statistics on the Allergic Skin Tests in Seoulites (서울지역 일반인의 알레르기 피부시험에 관한 고찰)

  • 조재훈;김찬중;남봉수;한은정;김윤범
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2001
  • Objectives: This study attempted to investigate the allergic histories and the distribution of offending allergens in the general public and further to help their diagnosis and treatment with Oriental Medicine. Methods: Allergic skin tests (AST) were performed and allergic histories were taken of 359 members of the general public who visited the International Exhibition on Oriental Medicine from Sept. 1 to Sept. 5, 2000. The allergen reagents for AST were three (House dust, D. farinae, Dog hair) and the control reagent was histamine solution. Results: 1.50.1 % of the subjects (n=359) were positive to AST. The ratio between males' positivity and females' was 1.06:1. 2. The younger the subjects were, the higher the positivity was. 3. The positive subjects' (n=180) positivity to three allergens was as follows: D. farinae 98.9%, House dust 30.0%, Dog hair 1.7%. 4. The younger the positive subjects were, the higher the positivity to House dust was. In contrast, the positivity to D. farinae was high in all age groups. 5.71.1 % of the positive subjects reacted positively to monotype allergen and 28.9% reacted positively to multiple allergens (2.46:1). The most common monotype allergen was D. farinae (98.4%) and the most common combination of multiple allergens was House dust and D. farinae (94.2%). 6.52.8% of the positive subjects (n=180) and 51.4% of the negative subjects (n=179) represented the history of allergic diseases. There was no relationship between allergic skin test and allergic diseases. Conclusion: To help in diagnosis and treatment with oriental medicine, research to analyze the relationship between allergic skin test and allergic diseases should be continued on the basis of Oriental medical theories.

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