• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2011

A study on characteristics for removal of arsenic ion using phosphorylated pine needles was performed. The surface condition of phosphorylated pine needles was confirmed by FT-IR, SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray). The removal rate of arsenic ion was the highest as about 98% at pH 7. Most absorption for arsenic ion was also completed within 30min and decreased with time and pH of arsenic solution from 6.5 to 2.4.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.497-503
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• 2021

In this study, different methods to coat honeycomb and metal foam substrate with platinum/titania for removing odor gases and volatile organic compounds were investigated. Among them, the powder coating and the nano coating were compared. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analysis was used to investigate the surface conditions and exposed platinum composition ratios on honeycomb and metal foam. Also, the catalytic oxidation performance of toluene, trimethylamine and isopropyl alcohol was compared according to the coating method.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.49 no.11
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• pp.905-909
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• 2011

The formation of front metal contact silicon solar cells is required for low cost, low contact resistance to silicon surfaces. One of the available front metal contacts is Ni/Cu plating, which can be mass produced via asimple and inexpensive process. A selective emitter, meanwhile, involves two different doping levels, with higher doping (${\leq}30{\Omega}/sq$) underneath the grid to achieve good ohmic contact and low doping between the grid in order to minimize the heavy doping effect in the emitter. This study describes the formation of a selective emitter and a nickel silicide seed layer for the front metallization of silicon cells. The contacts were thickened by a plated Ni/Cu two-step metallization process on front contacts. The experimental results showed that the Ni layer via SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDX (Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses. Finally, a plated Ni/Cu contact solar cell displayed efficiency of 18.10% on a $2{\times}2cm^2$, Cz wafer.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

This work studied the inhibitory effect of the combination of benzoate-intercalated hydrotalcite (HT-BZ) and Ce³⁺-loaded clay (Clay-Ce) on carbon steel (CS). HT-BZ was prepared by the co-precipitation method and Clay-Ce was fabricated by a cation exchange reaction. HT-BZ and Clay-Ce were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) coupled with zeta potential measurement. Electrochemical measurements coupled with scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) were used for studying the inhibitory action of the mixture of HT-BZ and Clay-Ce on steel electrodes immersed in 0.1 M NaCl. For comparison, the inhibitory effect of HT-BZ or Clay-Ce alone was also evaluated. The results showed that HT-BZ combined with Clay-Ce provided synergistic inhibition of the CS substrate. The mixture of 0.5 g/L HT-BZ + 0.5 g/L Clay-Ce provided 93.5% inhibition efficiency. The protective mechanism of the HT-BZ + Clay-Ce mixture consisted of the reaction of released BZ and Ce³⁺ and the deposition of HT-BZ and Clay-Ce structures on the CS substrate.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-37
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• 2024

PURPOSE. To investigate the effect of sintering programs and surface treatments on surface properties, phase transformation and flexural strength of monolithic zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia specimens were sintered using three distinct sintering programs [classic (C), speed (S), and superspeed (SS)] (n = 56, each). One sample from each group underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and grain size analysis following sintering. Remaining samples were divided into five subgroups (n = 11) based on the surface treatments: control (CL), polish (P), glaze (G), grind + polish (GP), and grind + glaze (GG). One sample from each subgroup underwent SEM analysis. Remaining samples were thermally aged. Monoclinic phase volume, surface roughness, and three-point flexural strength were measured. Monoclinic phase volume and surface roughness were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Flexural strength was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Weibull analysis. The relationships among the groups were analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS. Sintering program, surface treatment, and sintering × surface treatment (P ≤ .010) affected the monoclinic phase volume, whereas the type of surface treatment and sintering × surface treatment affected the surface roughness (P < .001). Type of sintering program or surface treatment did not affect the flexural strength. Weibull analysis revealed no significant differences between the m and σ_o values. Monoclinic phase volume was positively correlated with surface roughness in the SGG and SSP groups. CONCLUSION. After sintering monolithic zirconia in each of the three sintering programs, each of the surface treatments can be used. However, for surface quality and aging resistance, G or GG can be recommended as a surface finishing method.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.487-497
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• 1990

This study was carried out to observe in vitro effect of praziquantel on the tegumental changes of Heterophyopsis continua with scanning electron microscope. Metacercariae were collected from the perch, Lateolabrax japonicus, by artificial digestion technique and fed to 2-week old chickens. Adult worms were recovered from small intestine of chickens 8 days after infection. For working solutions, praziquantel was diluted with TC199 medium at concentration of 0.01, 0.1. 1 and $10{\mu}g/ml$. To each petri dish containing 10ml of solution, 5~10 worms were introduced and incubated at $37^{\circ}C$. For the scanning electron microscopy(SEM), the worms were fixed in cold 2.5% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in a series of graded ethanol and freeze-dried. Dried specimen was mounted on stub and coated with gold and observed in an SEM. The results were as follows: 1. Severe tegumental alterations were recognized by scanning electron microscope. Bleb formation of tegument was observed in 5 minute group and most pronounced on anterior tegument of worms. The number and size of blebs increased as incubation time prolonged. 2. The surface destruction was more pronounced at ventral margin between the oral and the ventral suckers. 3. The sensory papillae were slightly affected, but destruction of tegumental spine was not recognized. 4. The effect of praziquantel on the worm was found dependent on the concentration and incubation time, however, the effect was more dependent upon the incubation time.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.10 no.1_2
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• pp.33-40
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• 1980

미국산 사초속 식물의 잎의 표피형에 대한 조사로서 6 Sect., 6 Species에 대해 주사현미경을 사용하여 표피형을 조사하였다. 표피형의 구성요소인 숨구멍(Stomata), 세포벽(Cell wall), 유두돌기(Papillae), 가시돌기 (Prickle), 납질(Waxy)등의 모양을 조사하였다. 표피형 구성세포의 특징이 종류에 따라 차이가 있어 사초속 식물의 감별 및 분류에 좋은 형질이 될수가 있다고 보는 바이다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2003

Amorphous carbon nitride thin films have been deposited on silicon (100) by reactive magnetron sputtering method. The basic depositon parameters varied were the r.f. power(up to 250 W), the deposition pressure in the reactor(up to 100 mtorr) and Ar:$N_2$ gas ratio. FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectra showed the presence of different carbon-nitrogen bonds in the films. The surface topography of the films was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM).

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

In this article, the characterization of the interface of hybrid composites was discussed. Interfacial interaction in organic/inorganic hybrid composites, especially silica-containing hybrids can be characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and $^{29}Si$ NMR spectroscopy measurements.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.18-22
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• 2001

A technique to characterize specific site of materials using a combination of a dedicated focused ion beam system(FIB), and Intermediate-voltage scanning transmission electron microscope(STEM) or transmission electron microscope(TEM) equipped with a scanning electron microscope(SEM) unit has been developed. The FIB system is used for preparation of electron transparent thin samples, while STEM or TEM is used for localization of a specific site to be milled in the FIB system. An FIB-STEM(TEM) compatible sample holder has been developed to facilitate thin sample preparation with high positional accuracy Positional accuracy of $0.1{\mu}m$ or better can be achieved by the technique. In addition, an FIB micro-sampling technique has been developed to extract a small sample directly from a bulk sample in a FIB system These newly developed techniques were applied for the analysis of specific failure in Si devices and also for characterization of a specific precipitate In a metal sample.