• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.512-516
• /
• 2011

Objective : Patients with asymptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (SDH) are prone to fall or slip. Acute trauma on these patients may develop acute subdural bleeding over the chronic SDH. We recently experienced 9 patients with acute-on-chronic SDH. We report the clinical and radiological features of this lesion. Methods : We retrospectively examined the computed tomographic (CT) scans of 107 consecutive patients who diagnosed as chronic SDH from January 2008 to December 2010. All cases of CSDH were diagnosed on CT with or without MRI scan. Results : Acute-on-chronic SDH is not rare, being 8% of chronic SDH. The most common cause of trauma was a slip in drunken state. Alcoholism with multiple episodes of trauma was one of the prominent histories. Acute-on-chronic SDH appeared as a hyperdense layer of clot with irregular blurred margin or lumps in liquefied hematoma. Single or two burr holes was usually effective to remove the hematoma. Conclusion : Repeated trauma may cause acute bleeding over the chronic SDH. It will be helpful to understand the role of repeated trauma as a mechanism of hematoma enlargement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제60권6호
• /
• pp.717-722
• /
• 2017

Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness and efficacy of delayed burr hole surgery in relation to the reduction of postoperative subdural hematoma (SDH) volume in patients with acute SDH. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed patients with acute SDH who received delayed burr hole surgery at our institute. Age, sex, Glasgow coma scale, maximal SDH thickness, volume of SDH, midline shifts, hounsfield unit (HU), and medical history of anticoagulant agent usage were recorded. Outcome measures were delayed operation day, reduction of SDH volume after operation, and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score at discharge. The patients were divided two groups according to the postoperative reduction of volume of SDH (${\geq}50%$, group A; <50%, group B). We also analyzed variables and differences between two groups. Results : Eighteen patients were available for this analysis. The mean delayed of surgery was $13.9{\pm}7.5$ days. Maximal thickness of SDH was changed from $10.0{\pm}3.5mm$ to $12.2{\pm}3.7mm$. Volume of SDH was changed from $38.7{\pm}28.0mL$ to $42.6{\pm}29.6mL$. Midline shifts were changed from $5.8{\pm}3.3mm$ to $6.6{\pm}3.3mm$. HU were changed from $66.4{\pm}11.2$ to $53.2{\pm}20.6$. Post-operative reduction of SDH volume was $52.1{\pm}21.1%$. Eleven patients (61%) had a discharge GOS score of 1 (good recovery). Ten patients (56%) were enrolled in group A. Midline shifting was greater in group A than in group B ($7.4{\pm}3.3$ vs. $3.0{\pm}2.4mm$; p<0.02). The delay of surgery was shorter for group A than group B ($9.2{\pm}2.3$ vs. $19.8{\pm}7.7$ days; p<0.0008). Conclusion : Among well selected patients, delayed burr hole surgery in patients with acute SDH may be effective for reduction of SDH volume. Further studies will be necessary to establish the effectiveness and safety of delayed burr hole surgery in patients with acute SDH.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2019

$SdhB^{P225F}$ and $SdhB^{H272R}$ mutations have been found associated with boscalid resistance in Botrytis cinerea from strawberry in Shanghai, China. For rapid detection of two mutations, tetra-primers were designed and optimized to gain the relatively high accuracy and specificity based on the ARMS-PCR technique, by which resistance can be identified with different lengths of products on agarose gels. The tetra-primer ARMS-PCR systems for $SdhB^{P225F}$ and $SdhB^{H272R}$ were validated by 9 SdhB-squenced strains repeatedly. Then, sensitivity of 30 more strains were also tested by the methods, which were accordant with genotypes by sequencing and the sensitivity of conidial germination to boscalid by 100%. Thus, the methods developed in this study are proved to be rapid, inexpensive, accurate and practical for resistance detection of Botrytis cinerea caused by $SdhB^{P225F}$ and $SdhB^{H272R}$ mutations.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1289-1301
• /
• 1997

In a SDH network, one of the most important issues is the realization of network synchronization. In this paper, we presented the relationship between parameters and control algorithm of DP-PLL for design in a SDH based time, SSM processing time, PJE counter and reference switching time, and analyzed phase transients for one node and mutiple nodes through our simulation results with a standard specification. We suggested suitable design method of SDH-DP-PLL.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.166-167
• /
• 2014

Subdural hemorrhage (SDH) can manifest various neurologic symptoms. However, SDH presenting with only hand weakness has rarely been reported. We report two SDH cases with only hand weakness mimicking peripheral neuropathy. Since SDH can present with hand weakness only, we suggest the clinicians to do a careful history taking and recommend a CT scan in the elderly patients.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2017

동물실험에서 실크단백질 산 가수분해물을 투여하고 t-BHP투여한 군의 혈액 생화학적 검사 결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 AST, ALT 그리고 LDH가 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 투여 농도가 높아질수록 수치가 감소하는 것으로 나타났고 세포가 손상할 시에 증가하는 MDA를 간 조직을 대상으로 측정한 결과 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 농도가 높아질수록 수치가 대조군과 유사한 정도로 감소하는 것으로 보아 간 손상에 관여하는 효소의 누출 억제효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다. HPLC로 간 조직에서의 GSH 측정결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 유의적으로 증가하였고 조직학적 검사 결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 실크단백질 산 가수분해물을 투여한 군이 대조군과 가까운 모습을 보이는 것으로 관찰되어 실크단백질 산 가수분해물이 산화적 스트레스로부터의 간 보호 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 기능적 소재로서의 이용가능성이 확대될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신설비학회 2004년도 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2004

정보 통신 네트워크 기술은 최근 10여년에 걸쳐 비약적인 발전을 하였다. 특히 광전송 분야는 음성 및 데이터 통합에 의한 시장 요구로 인하여 많은 진화를 하고 있다. 이 글에서는 SONET/SDH가 차세대 솔루션으로 진화하는 데 있어서 필요 기술을 서술하였다.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신설비학회 2002년도 제3회 세미나 : 광통신설비
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2002

[ $\circ$ ] 비즈니스 & Metro 서비스에 적합한 Solution $\circ$ Ng-SDH 기반의 MSPP 시장 우세 -Qos 보장 - 다양한 서비스 확대 가능 $\circ$ 단계별 서비스 적용 : SDH/L2 SW $\rightarrow$ L3 SW $\circ$ 경제성 확보 : Metro-Ethernet, BPON 등 대비 $\circ$ 운영사업자 및 제품 기술력의 결합 중요

• 전기전자학회논문지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 1999

The SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) has been rapidly acknowledged as a world wide transmission standard replacing the existing PDH infrastructure. A bit stuffing is used for synchronization between a PDH signal and a SDH node, and a pointer justification is used for synchronization between one SDH node and the other SDH node. During above processes - a bit stuffing and a pointer processing -, a stuffing jitter and a pointer Jitter are produced and the generated jitter can cause transmission error. In this study, a stuffing jitter and a pointer jitter are modeled and analyzed. A Sigma-Delta modulation is described and an advanced jitter reduction technique using a Sigma-Delta modulation technique in the Synchronizer, Pointer Processor and Desynchronizer is provided.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2000년도 춘계공동학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.216-219
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 WDM Mesh 망에서 SDH 수요가 주어졌을 때, 여러 개의 SDH 수요를 효과적으로 routing하는 방법을 통해 grooming 효과를 극대화시켜 전체 Mesh망에서 사용되어지는 총 Lightpath의 수를 줄이는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그리고 이렇게 해서 구해진 Lightpath의 수를 각 링크의 용량제약으로 하여 SDH 수요의 routing 비용을 최소화하는 것을 부차적인 목적으로 한다. 이것을 수리모형으로 바꾸면, Network Synthesis 문제와 Integer Multicommodity 문제로 모형화 할 수 있다. 해법으로는 Path-Formulation을 통한 분지평가법을 사용하였다. 전산실험결과를 보면 상용 패키지인 CPLEX를 이용하여 푼 것에 비해 수행속도 면에서 훨씬 빠르게 나타났고, 문제의 사이즈가 커짐에 따라 CPLEX를 사용하여 해결할 수 없는 문제에 대해서도 해를 구할 수 있었다.