• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.227-235
• /
• 1993

The effectiveness of sodium carboxymethylcellulose(SCMC) and dextran 70 in the prevention of adhesion formation in abdominal cavity of rabbits following artificial injuries was elucidated and the effects -of these medicines on blood pictures were also examined. After abrasion treatment on jejunum in gonadotropins primed rabbits, 1, 2 and 3% of SCMC solutions, 6 and 10% dextran 70 solutions and a synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and loft dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution were infused into the abdominal cavity. Four weeks later the abdominal cavities were reopened under general anesthesia. The synthetic solution showed the highest adhesion reduction rate(100%), while 1% SCMC, 6 and loft dextran solutions showed no significantly evident effect of adhesion prevention. The SCMC solutions showed better adhesion reduction effect than dextran 70 solutions. After infusion of these adhesion preventive medicines, the changes of total leucocytes, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, PCV, plasma fibrinogen and protein contents were examined. No remarkable difference in blood pictures was shown between the synthetic solution and the other medicines. Therefore, it can be suggested that the synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and 10% dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution at dose of 5$m\ell$/kg of body weight is prominently effective in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation and wolf be safe in animals and human.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 1997

This study was carried out to prevent the abdominal re-adhesions in dogs. Two randomized groups of dogs were subjected to scratch the ileal serosa. Routine abdominal closure was performed on two groups. Second laparotomy was performed one month later for the scoring of the abhesion formation. The adhesions were separated physically after the scoring of the adhesions. In control goup saline was instilled into abdomen and in treated group 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose(SCMC) solution was instilled into abdomen before the abdominal closure. Third laparotomy was performed another month later to evaulate the adhesions. Reduced adhesion formation following the instillation of 1% SCMC was reported. 1% SCMC is recommended to prevent the re-adhesions as well as adhesions.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2002

In this study, free swell index of betonite was examined in several regeants; distilled water, leachate, seawater and 3% NaCl solution. Free swell index values of bontonite to be added Poly(acrlylic acid), PYA(Polyvinyl Alcohol) or SCMC (Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose) were evaluated and compared. From this, it was confirmed that hydraulic conductivities of GCL in seawater were examined and the hydraulic conductivities of GCL in seawater were compared to those in distilled water. The average values of free swell indices of bentonite were decreased in order of distilled water>leachate>seawater. It was shown that no significant differences were occurred for free swell index between seawater and 3% NaCl solution. For bentonite to be added PVA, the other reagents except distilled water didn't affect increase of swelling. Swelling properties of bentonite to be added SCMC were improved except 3% NaCl solution.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.349-354
• /
• 2004

The effectiveness of a synthetic solution of sodium carboxymethy1cellulose (SCMC) and dextran in the prevention of adhesion formation following intestinal anastomosis of intestine in dogs was elucidated and compared with Interceed. Following induction of adhesion on jejunum of dogs by resection and intestinal anastomosis, the dogs were infused with a synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and 10% dextran in saline in the abdominal cavity at the dose of 5ml/kg of body weight or treated with Interceed membrane. Fourteen days after operation, all the dogs showed adhesion of anastomotic sites to surrounding tissues. The average score of adhesion was 0.50, 0.60 and 0.80 in the dogs infused with the synthetic solution, Interceed membrane and saline solution, respectively. The synthetic solution showed better result of adhesion prevention than Interceed or saline solution. No significant change of body weight, vital signs, hematological values and side effects after operation was found in each group. Therefore, a synthetic solution which is combined with 1% SCMC and 10% dextran in saline can be effectively used for the prevention of adhesion formation comparable to Interceed membrane following intestinal anastomosis in the dogs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.417-421
• /
• 2005

Adhesions are the most common postoperative complication in intestinal surgery in dogs. This study was aimed at verify to the efficacy of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) in the adhesion prevention during healing of intestinal anastomosis. Twenty three healthy dogs were taken with average 4.17 years and weight was 5.68 kg and divided into 4 groups. The dogs of group III and IV, a pedicle of greater omentum was wrapped around the suture line. In the animals of group II and IV, 1% SCMC was infused (5 ml/kg, IP) at just before closure of the abdominal cavity. Two weeks after surgery, animals were reoperated and the adhesions were evaluated and graded. We found various degrees of intraabdominal adhesions in animals of all the groups. The significantly (P<0.05) lower adhesion score was observed in group IV than that of other groups. Nevertheless, varying intra-peritoneal adhesions, healing of anastomotic site was normal in all groups. It could be concluded that intra-peritoneal administration of SCMC solution reduces postoperative adhesions without any adverse effects on healing, and a synergistic beneficial effect can be obtained by supplementation with omental graft for intestinal anastomosis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.28-32
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 0.8% sodium hyaluronic acid solution and crosslinked hyaluronic acid mixture for the prevention of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion in rats. Forty-five animals were divided into three groups ; 0.9% saline treated control group, 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose treated group (SCMC), and 0.8% sodium hyaluronic acid solution and crosslinked hyaluronic acid mixture treated group (SHCH). Adhesions were induced by suturing both the ileal serosa and peritoneum abrased until petechial bleeding occurred. Fourteen days later, adhesions were evaluated clinically and histopathologically. The mean tensile strength was significantly decreased in the SCMC and SHCH groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and the SHCH group had the lowest tensile strength. The distance of adhesion site was highest in the control group and significantly decreased in the SHCH group comparing control group (p < 0.05). The inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen hyperplasia and neovascularization of the SCMC and SHCH groups were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that the SHCH may be useful to prevent postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion in rats.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.213-218
• /
• 1994

복강장기의 유착을 방지하기 위하여 토끼의 공장에 인공창상을 일으키고 sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC)와 dextran 70을 단일 혹은 합제로 사용하여 이들의 유착방지 효능을 조사하였고, 아울러 체중의 변화를 조사함으로써 이들을 사용하였을 때 일어날 수 있는 부작용을 검토하였다. 인공창상에 의한 유착형성 유발빈도와 정도를 알아보기 위하여 토끼를 전신마취시킨 다음 개복수술을 시행하여 공장의 장막에 2cm 폭으로 3곳에 abrasion또는 electrocautery를 실시하였던 바, 이러한 인공창상들이 유의성있는 높은 유착형성율(abrasion, 70%; electrocatuery, 72.7%)과 심한 유착정도를 일으켰으며(abrasion, 1.80; electrocatuery, 2.44), 체중의 감소를 가져왔다(abrasion, -2.5%; electrocautery; 9.9%). Abrasion보다는 electrocatuery에 의한 자극이 더욱 심한 유착정도 및 체중감소를 보였으며 심할 경우 폐사를 일으키기도 하였다. 이러한 유착을 효과적으로 방지하기 위하여 1, 2, 3%의 SCMC 및 6, 10%의 dextran 70 용액을 단일 또는 합제를 만들어 abrasion방법으로 공장에 인공창상을 일으킨 토끼의 복강내에 주입하고 수술 4주후에 복강을 열어 유착형성율을 조사하였던 바, 1% SCMC와 10% dextran 70의 합제(Synthetic soln)에서 가장 낮은 유착형성율(0%)을 보여 유착방지 효과가 가장 뚜렸하였다. 아울러 수술 4주일후 체중의 변화도 유의하게 일으키지 아니 하였다. 그러므로 유착방지제로서 synthetic solution을 사용하는 것이 가장 효과적이라고 사려된다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.377-384
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the residual fluoride concentration of fluoride tape in oral cavity which made by spraying NaF on carboxymethylcellulose base. After 1, 3, 5, 7 hours and 1, 2, 3 days of applicating APF gel(60seconds $taste^{(R)}$, 1.23% APF gel, Group I), Fluoride varnish($CavityShield^{TM}$, 5% NaF, Group II) and Fluoride tape(SCMC-T-5, 5% NaF, Trial product, Group III) in oral cavity of 27 healthy adults in their twenties, the result of fluoride concentration in unstimulated whole saliva which measured by using fluoride sensitive electrode made up to following conclusion. 1. Until 7 hours after application in every group, it showed significantly higher fluoride concentration in saliva than baseline value but at 1, 2, 3 days after application, there were no significant differences between measurements and baseline value(p>0.05). 2. Until 7 hours after application at every time, mean fluoride concentration in saliva was higher in the order of Group II, I and III. 3. 1 hour and 3 hours after application, Group II revealed significantly higher fluoride concentration than Group III(p<0.05), but there were no significant differences between Group Ⅰ and Group III in every time.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.367-376
• /
• 2009

In this clinical research, the fluoride tape(SCMC-T-5) using fluoride(NaF) was developed and manufactured and the treatment effect of the fluoride tape in dentin hypersensitivity patients was evaluated and compared with the effect of existing fluoride varnish($CavityShield^{TM}$). Twenty two healthy adult patients(88 teeth) having dentin hypersensitivity participated in this clinical research and they were divided into two groups. The fluoride product was applied according to the manufacturer's instruction and the level of pain in the tooth after giving irritation using compressed air and ice stick was measured just after the application, after 3 days, after a week and after 4 weeks each using visual analog scale(VAS). In the experimental group, compared with the early VAS scores, all other VAS scores showed the significant decreases statistically. In the control group, all VAS scores except the VAS score of 34.091(air) measured 3 days after(using the irritation examination by the compressed air) showed the significant decreases statistically when compared with the early VAS scores. The fluoride tape and fluoride varnish used in this clinical research were able to treat the dentin hypersensitivity effectively.