• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.88-99
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to find out the bio-effects due to be a radiation fractionated exposure. The experimental animals were divided into the control group and the radiation exposure groups of 20cGy, 40cGy and 80cGy with 220 male Sprague-Dawley rats at 6 weeks old. The radiation exposure groups were fractionated exposed from each 20cGy, 40cGy and 80cGy for every 5 days. The chromosome aberrations, the frequency of SCE, the changes of body weight, hematological values and enzyme activities were investigated for the fractionating exposure times and the time after fractionated exposure. The results were summarized as follows 1. The body weight of the radiation exposure groups were significantly decreased compared with control group according to the increasing fractionated exposure times, and it was the lowest values at the immediately after the end of the fractionating exposed, but it was recovered with the level of control group at 3rd weeks gradually increased 1st week after fractionated exposure. 2. The values of WBC, RBC, Hb and Hct in the radiation exposure groups were significantly decreased than those the control group, but the values of GOT, GPT, ALP, and LDH in the radiation exposure groups were significantly increased than those of the control group. 3. The frequency of chromosomal aberration were increased according to the increasing fractionated exposure dose, and it showed the highest at 5th days after fractionated exposed. The types of chromosomal aberration were occurred such as a numerical abnormality, deletion, break and duplication, it was not recovered immediately and maintained high frequency than the control group. 4. The frequency of SCE were significantly increased according to the increasing fractionated exposure dose in 20cGy, 40cGy and 80cGy groups. But it was recovered the level of control group at 7th days after fractionated exposure. According to the above results, this study could confirm that the frequency of chromosomal aberration and SCE were increased with fractionated exposure dose, the other hand, the changes of body weight, hematological values and enzyme activity values were significantly affected according to the increasing fractionated exposure dose.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2001

Endocrine disruptors have been implicated in carcinogenesis in animal studies, but carcinogenetic effects on human remain controversial. In order to examine the genotoxicity of two common endocrine disruptors, Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol, cytogenetic endpoints including chromosome aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) analyses and DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) were assessed. The effects of Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol on the frequencies of CA and MN were increased in a dose-dependent manner and that of Bispheol A was more significant by Kendall'$\tau$test. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol also increased the frequency of SCE. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner and the DNA damage induced by Diethylstilbestrol in human blood lymphocytes was more significant.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.358-368
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• 1990

1989년 11월부터 4개월간 대구시내 소재 일부, 6가 크롬(삼산화크롬)으로 피막처리하는 도금작업장의 남성근로자를 대상으로 비중격천공이 있는 근로자 12명과 비중격천공이 없는 근로자 12명을 폭로군으로 하고 크롬에 폭로된 적이 없는 정상인 20명을 대조군으로 하여 개별면담을 통해 연령, 직업력, 흡연습관을 파악하였으며, 정맥혈을 채취하여 원자화 무염광로를 부착한 원자흡광도계로 혈중 크롬농도를 측정하였으며 말초혈액 중 임파구의 자매염색분체교환의 발현빈도를 조사하고 연령, 흡연습관, 직업력 및 혈중 크롬농도 등이 임파구 자매염색분체교환의 발현빈도에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 크롬 도금작업의 말초혈액 중 임파구 자매염색분체교환의 발현빈도는 비중격 천공이 있는 군이 $10.1{\pm}1.6$, 비중격천공이 없는 군이 $8.5{\pm}3.4$이었고 대조군 $6.1{\pm}2.1$으로 세군간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며 (p<0.01), 비중격천공 군에서 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며, 대조군에 비해 1.7배의 높은 빈도를 나타냈다. 혈중 크롬농도는 대조군이 $0.060{\pm}0.043{\mu}g/ml$, 크롬도금 작업자 중 비중격천공이 있는 군 $0.114{\pm}0.030{\mu}g/ml$, 비중격천공이 없는 군 $0.090{\pm}0.050{\mu}g/ml$로 세군간의 차이는 유의하였다 (p<0.01). 크롬도금 작업자와 대조군 모두 연령군별, 흡연습관별 및 근속년수에 따른 자매염색분체교환의 발현빈도에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈중 크롬농도와 자매염색분체교환 발현빈도의 상관성은 상관계수, r=0.007로서 상관관계가 없었다 (Y=0.638 X+0.191, r=0.007. p>0.05). SCE 평균 발현빈도를 $y=(sum\;SCE)^{\frac{1}{2}}+(sum\;SCE+1)^{\frac{1}{2}}$를 이용하여 변형한 변수 y에 대해 연령, 흡연습관, 직업 및 혈중 크롬농도의 요인들로서 설명력은 32.3%였으며 가장 중요한 변수는 직업으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 직업적인 크롬폭로에 의한 유전적 손상의 위험성이 어느 정토 있을 것으로 추측되며 생물학적 독성검정 지표로서 유용성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2014

Purpose: Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl glycine) is widely used as an herbicide for weed control in rural areas. It is also readily available for suicide attempts. Glyphosate has high toxicity and negatively affects the human body. The aim of this investigation was to study the genotoxicity of a low-concentration of glyphosate through sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human blood lymphocytes in vitro. Methods: Primary lymphocyte cultures were obtained from blood samples of 11 males and seven females who had been exposed to glyphosate (0, 100, 200, and 300 ng/mL). The frequency of SCEs was examined and statistical analysis was performed. Results: All doses of glyphosate induced a significant dose-dependent increase in SCE frequency compared with the control group (P<0.001). In particular, the SCE frequency for exposure to low-dose glyphosate was significantly higher in females than in males. Conclusion: According to the result of this study, even a low-dose of glyphosate may damage DNA and females are more vulnerable to glyphosate.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1990

셀레늄이 수은, 카드뮴 및 크롬의 세포독성에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 이들 중금속을 $0.3{mu}M$에서 $10{mu}M$까지 6개 농도로 각각 희석하여 $1.2{mu}M$의 셀레늄과 함께 혈액 배양에 첨가하고, 48시간 경과후 fluorescence-plus-Giemsa 염색에 의해 2차분열 중기의 염색체에서 자매염색분체교환(SCE)현상을 관찰하여, 셀레늄을 첨가하지 않았을 때의 결과와 비교하였다. 셀레늄을 다른 중금속들의 경우와 동일한 농도로 단독 첨가한 경우 SCE빈도는 $5.9{\pm}2.64$회에서 $12.3{\pm}3.99$회의 범위로 변하였고, 수은은 $6.5{\pm}2.70$회에서 $15.7{\pm}2.75$회, 카드뮴은 $6.7{\pm}2.65$회에서 $11.2{\pm}4.13$회, 크롬은 $7.0{\pm}2.58$회에서 $14.9{\pm}6.43$회의 범위로 농도증가에 비례하여 SCE빈도가 상승하였으며, 이때 세포분열지수는 공히 농도증가에 반비례하여 고농도군에서는 현저히 낮았다. 중금속들과 $1.2{mu}M$의 셀레늄을 동시에 첨가시킨 조건에서는 수은의 경우, 셀레늄과 수은의 몰(mol)농도비가 1:1, 1:2, 1:4의 조건에서, 카드뮴의 경우 1:2 및 1:4의 조건에서 SCE빈도의 현저한 감소를 나타냈으나 크롬의 경우는 셀레늄의 첨가와 무관하였으며, 세포분열지수는 전반적으로 셀레늄의 첨가에 별다른 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 1996

This study was carried out to examine the mechanism of Arsenic cytotoxicity through several in vitro test systems. Dose-dependent decrease of cell survival by Arsenic was observed by colony forming assay. Arsenic was weak mutagenic in inducing HGPRT point mutation in CHO cells. The frequency of chromosomal aberrations increased in a dose-dependent manner and the most frequent type of chromosomal aberrations induced by Arsenic were chromatid type deletions. U!trafiltrates of culture media from CHO cells treated with Arsenic induced sister chromatid exchanges(SCE) in CHO cells and Arsenic was able to induce lipid peroxidation in CHO cells. The results suggested that the ultrafiltrates of media from CHO cells treated with Arsenic contain clastogenic factor(CF) and Iipid peroxidation might be involved in the formation of CF.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 1991년도 제6회 파동 및 레이저 학술발표회 Prodeedings of 6th Conference on Waves and Lasers
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• pp.110-114
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• 1991

A guided-wave electrooptic Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator was fabricated on Y-cut acoustic grade LiNbO3 process. In order to reduce the electrode capacitance, serial capacitance electrode(SCE) structure was adopted. Extinction ratio more than 30dB was obtained with V$\pi$ of 4.69 volt at λ= 0.6328${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Frequency response was measured by using the swept frequency technique, and the bandwidth of the modulator was about 1GHz.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2001

Objectives : To evaluate the internal burden and hazardous effects associated with smoking in middle and high school students. Methods : We analysed urinary cotinine(U-cotinine) concentrations and the frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCE). A comparison was done of U-cotinine concentrations and the frequency of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes across school levels (middle vs. high) and smoking types (direct: daily & occasional smoking, indirect; usual indirect & non-smoking), in 122 males. Results : The middle school student group comprised 6.8% daily smokers, 15.9% occasional smokers, 40.9% daily indirect smokers, and 35.4% nonsmokers, while the high school student group comprised 18.0%, 20.5%, 35.7%, and 21.8%, respectively. The U-cotinine concentration and the frequency of SCE among the middle school students were $79.11{\mu}g/l$ and 2.0 per cell, respectively, which were significantly lower than the $146.85{\mu}g/l$ (p=0.078) and 2.6 per cell (p=0.005) of the high school students. Among the 40 direct smokers, these two biomarkers were $236.66{\mu}g/l$ and 2.59 per cell, significantly higher than the $67.33{\mu}g/l$ (p=0.0001) and 2.1 per cell (p=0.003) among indirect smoking groups. The variation in individual U-cotinine concentration ranged widely in both the indirect and direct smoking groups. Conclusion : Urinary cotinine concentrations and the frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange seem to objectively and effectively evaluate student exposure whether it was direct or indirect smoking. Consequently, these biomarkers may be useful in monitoring the objective efficacy of anti-smoking programs in adolescent populations.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제21권spc호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

최근 연속적인 호우사상으로 인해 홍수가 발생하고 있으며, 이로 인한 재산 및 인명피해가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 연속적인 호우사상 발생 사례를 바탕으로 거대강우 시나리오와 거대홍수를 정의하였다. 경안천 유역의 100년 빈도 확률강우사상이 연속적으로 발생한다는 가정하에 거대강우 시나리오를 생성하였으며, 거대홍수량을 산정하기 위하여 SSARR(Streamflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation)모형을 이용하였다. 또한, 보다 합리적인 유출해석을 수행하기 위하여 SCE_UA기법을 통해 매개변수를 추정하고, SSR(Sum of Squared of Residual)과 첨두유량 모의에 유리한 WSSR(Weighted Sum of Squared of Residual)의 목적함수를 이용하여 모형의 보정 및 검증을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 적합성 검토를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 경안천 유역의 100년 빈도 강우사상의 연속발생으로 인한 거대홍수량은 4,802㎥/s로 산정되었고, 경안천하천정비기본계획(2011)에서 산정한 100년 빈도 단일 강우사상에 의한 홍수량은 3,810㎥/s으로 산정되었다. 따라서 거대홍수량이 단일 호우사상에 의한 홍수량 보다 약 992㎥/s 만큼 증가하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이는 향후 거대홍수를 고려할 경우, 경안천 유역의 치수방어대책 수립시 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 1996년도 추계 학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 1996