• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2024

The coastal dune ecosystem is one of the ecosystems under the most development pressure in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ecological location and related ecological phenomena of coastal dune plants, but related studies are lacking. Through this study, we intend to conduct research on the structure and restoration of dune plants, focusing on the coastal dunes in Jeju Island, which are affected by artificial development pressure and the continuous increase in tourists among many coastal dunes in Korea. Ecosystems of coastal sand dunes for vegetation survey in Jeju Island are selected based on naturalness and preservation. In this study, 23 major coastal dunes on Jeju Island including Udo were selected. In the coastal dunes of Jeju Island, a whole species survey and quadrat survey were carried out. The vegetation survey at study sites were conducted on May to September 2022, when the vegetation is clearly visible. At the survey site, the dune area was identified at the beginning and the plant species were recorded until no more new species appeared. Vegetation survey in the field was performed by 103 quadrat establishments and was conducted using Braun-Blanquet method. A total of 277 species appeared, and the most common species were Vitex rotundifolia and Calystegia soldanella. The frequency of both Vitex rotundifolia and Calystegia soldanella was approximately over 90%. The proportion of woody and herbaceous in all emerging species was 7.2% and 92.8%, respectively. The total number of species found in the quadrat survey was 98. As a result of classifying plant communities based on species dominance in the quadrats, it was analyzed into 30 plant communities. The plant communities that appeared with a frequency of 2 or more on the main island of Jeju were Vitex rotundifolia, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Ischaemum antephoroides, Wedelia prostrata, Elymus mollis, Calystegia soldanella, Artemisia scoparia, and Tetragonia tetragonoides. The DCCA(detrended canonical correspondence analysis) based on the vegetation and environment factor matrix showed that the height and covers of the dominant plant species explain significantly the variation and distribution of coastal sand dune species on Jeju island. Thus, we may propose a plan to restore the coastal dunes of Jeju island as helping colonization and establishment of mainly sand dune native perennials and trees, preserving native plant communities that are declining and preserving present tree strips of Pinus thunbergii, Litsea japonica, Pittosporum tobira and Vitex rotundifolia.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

The characteristics and burial ages of sand sediments on the Jiduri coast in Daechung-myeon, Ongjin-gun, Incheon were investigated. Daecheong Island is the area where the characteristics of the rocky coast and sand coast are shown. Various studies have been conducted on the Okjukdong sand dune that appears in the north of the island. However, there has been no study on the sandy sedimentary topography of the Jiduri and Moraewul area in the south. The sandy sedimentary terrain of Jiduri is divided into sandy beaches, sand dunes and sand deposits along the slope including climbing dune. Overall, the depth of sandy sediments in Jiduri is not deep. The characteristics of sandy sediments and burial ages were investigated at an elevation of about 23 m above sea level at the back of Jiduli Beach and 46 m above sea level at the ridge line between Jiduri and Moraewol. From the Jiduri coast to the hillside behind, the average grain size decreases and the sorting becomes better as it moves from the intertidal zone to the beach and the foredune. This indicates the selective sand transport by the wind and can be judged by the terrain formed under the current sedimentation environment. The average grain size at the upper part of the section of JD-1 (elevation of about 23m MSL) was $1.6918{\varphi}$ of medium sand. The sorting was $0.4584{\varphi}$, skewness was -1.0491 and kurtosis was -1.2411, respectively. Particularly, the average particle size of the crosssection issomewhat uniform, but the color of the constituent material changes from brown to black. In the case of JD-2 (about 46 m MSL), the mean grain size of the section was $1.7943{\varphi}$, the sorting was 0.4931, the skewness was -1.1163, and the kurtosis was 1.2133. On the other hand, the brown and black layers of JD-1 exhibited a burial age of $0.1{\pm}0.0ka$ and the JD-2 had a burial age of $0.7{\pm}0.0ka$.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2005

Little is known about the bacterial communities associated with the plants inhabiting sand dune ecosystems. In this study, the bacterial populations associated with two major sand dune plant species, Calystegia soldanella (beach morning glory) and Elymus mollis (wild rye), growing along the costal areas in Tae-An, Chungnam Province, were analyzed using a culture-dependent approach. A total of 212 bacteria were isolated from the root and rhizosphere samples of the two plants, and subjected to further analysis. Based on the analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences, all the bacterial isolates were classified into six major phyla of the domain Bacteria. Significant differences were observed between the two plant species, and also between the rhizospheric and root endophytic communities. The isolates from the rhizosphere of the two plant species were assigned to 27 different established genera, and the root endophytic bacteria were assigned to 21. Members of the phylum Gammaproteobacteria, notably the Pseudomonas species, comprised the majority of both the rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria, followed by members of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the rhizosphere and Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the root. A number of isolates were recognized as potentially novel bacterial taxa. Fifteen out of 27 bacterial genera were commonly found in the rhizosphere of both plants, which was comparable to 3 out of 21 common genera in the root, implying the host specificity for endophytic populations. This study of the diversity of culturable rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria has provided the basis for further investigation aimed at the selection of microbes for the facilitation of plant growth.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.392-410
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• 2009

The vascular plants recorded from the 11 sites of coastal sand dune in North Gyeongsang Province are as follows: 204 taxa, 2 hybrids, 1 form, 22 varieties, 1 subspecies, 178 species, 132 genera, 43 families. These areas also present rare plant (Glehnia littoralis); 20 taxa, 20 species, 20 genera, and 15 families of floristics special plants; 46 taxa, 2 variety, 44 species, 30 genera, and 12 families of naturalized plants. The ratio of urbanization and naturalized index is 16.14% and 22.55% respectively. Life form spectrum is Th-$R_5-D_4$-e type. The number of species recorded from the coastal sand dune in Hujeong area turned out to be the highest (44.6%), and the coastal sand dune in Heseo area showed the highest naturalized index (31.58%).

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.39-45
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• 2003

Linear dunes are the most ubiquitous of all desert dune types ( Lancaster, 1982： Pye and Tsoar, 1990; Bristow et al., 2000) and occur as aeolian bedforms that cover no less than 40 ％ of the world's desert sand dune areas (Bullard et al., 1995). Despite their omnipresence, however, their origin and long-term development remain inadequately understood (Tseo, 1993; Bullard et al., 1995; Bristow et al., 2000, Wang et al., 2002). (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.687-693
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• 2013

Coastal sand dunes have been seriously damaged caused by the development thoughtless for the environment and coastal erosion and destruction due to artificial structures like coast roads and breakwater. Hereupon, in this study we made a library of rhizobacteria that have the plant growth-promoting ability for plant rhizosphere of indigenous plants inhabiting in a coastal sand dune as well as the strong tolerance to salt, and evaluated the plant growth-promoting ability of these strains. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of rhizobacteria on the growth rate of saline tolerant plants in sandy soil; selected out the most useful micro-organism for the restoration of a damaged sand dune. The effect of inoculation of strains selected from the first experiment on the growth of Peucedanum japonicum and Arundo donaxes planted in a coastal sand dune was evaluated. As a result, Bacillus aerius MH1RS1 had plant growth promoting activities: indole acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC deaminase) activity, and also had a salinity tolerance. Also, in case of Peucedanum japonicum, the length of stems and weights of roots were enhanced by the inoculation of B. aerius MH1RS1. Fresh weights of stems and weights of roots in experimental group were, in particular, increased by 25% comparing with the control group. For an Arundo donax in experimental group, plant length increased by 18%, and weight of roots by 20% which is significant.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.3 s.114
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• pp.331-345
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• 2006

This study deals with geomorphological process of the sand dune landform including the distribution and surface environments, characteristics of sediments, origins and moving processes in lower reach and mouth delta of Duman River, Northeast Korea and China. The methodology of the study includes image analysis of Landsat TM(1992.10) and ETM(2000.9) and Spot(2005.4) for analysis of land cover, 2 times field survey for recognition of landform and acquisition of sediments raw data materials, and grain analysis and exoscopy about raw data materials. The geomorphic elements from satellite image analysis are composed of the delta, sand spit, active and stable dune, sand bar and riparian vegetated zone. Results of the grain analysis indicate the sediments originated from marine coastal zone than riverine one. This means that present sand dune not so much reflect present climatic and geomorphic environments. Result of the exoscopy analysis show that ratio of quartz, which is comparatively resistant to environment, is highest as $65{\sim}83%$ out of sediments. But the surface of the $30{\sim}40%$ of mineral grains was coated by yellow-colored stained materials, due to chemical weathering. Some grains show rough skin, looking as acicular, network structure and etching pits, affected by physical and chemical weathering.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.63-74
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• 2010

In this study, wetlands and forest vegetation surrounding rail, road of DMZ area and Civilian Control Line were studied as follows: Plant communities hierarchical system of forest vegetation classified according to the results of phytosociological methods of Braun-Blanquet (1964) as; Quercus mongolica community, Quercus mongolica-Quercus variabilis community and Quercus acutissima -Quercus mongolica community. Wetland vegetation major communities; Scirpus wichurae community, Scirpus fluviatilis community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Typha orientalis community, Typha angustata community, Juncus alatus community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis-Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Hragmites communis community, Phragmites communis-Alnus japonica community, Alnus japonica community, Phragmites japonica community, Salix koreensis community, Prunus padus community, Alnus japonica community, Zizania latifolia community and Amorpha fruticosa community were surveyed. Coastal sand dune vegetation in a DMZ area and the Civilian Control Line was mainly characterized by; Carex pumila, Elymus mollis, Carex kobomugi, Rosa rugosa, Calystegia soldanella, Lathyrus japonica and Aster hispidus, species that are of typically sand dune vegetation.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

In this study, we aimed to quantify the population size and spatial distribution of three predatory Scarites species in coastal sand dunes. In June and August 2014, 252 pitfall traps were utilized to conduct a trapping web analysis at three distinct sites with varying vegetation dominance values. Scarites sulcatus had the largest estimated population in a 10 m² area with a habitat density of 36.6 in a Vitex rotundifolia community area (site B) in the June survey. In contrast, Scarites aterrimus had the largest population size with a habitat density of 2.9 in a Calystegia soldanella community area (site A) in the August survey. Spatial distribution analysis revealed that S. sulcatus dominated the Vitex rotundifolia community without preference for a particular site, whereas S. aterrimus and Scarites terricola pacificus were primarily observed on the beach. The results indicated that the three Scarites species in the Sohwang coastal sand dune region exhibited differences in their spatial and temporal distributions in the coastal dune ecosystem in order to avoid competition and predation. In conclusion, our findings can be utilized to estimate the population density of the genus Scarites on the Korean Peninsula. The outcomes of this study will contribute to estimating insect population densities on the Korean Peninsula and developing investigative assessment methodologies.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2006

We investigated the flora of Ui Island sand dunes, consisting of 142 taxa; 52 families, 108 genera, 124 species, 15 varieties, and 3 forms. The total plants of floral region that were identified were 16 taxa; Elymus mollis, Salsola collina, and Farfugium japonicum in Class III; Ischaemum anthephephoroides, Carex kobomugi, Glehnia littoralis, Messerschmidia sibirica, Machilus thunbergii, Elaeagnus macrophylla, and Aster spathulifolius in Class I . Naturalized plants were 11 taxa; 7 families, 10 genera and the naturalization degree was 7.8%. On the Donmok seaside area, the coverage rate was about $20%{\sim}25%$ in 2002, but this time it had increased to more than three times or $65%{\sim}75%$. Also, on the Sungchon seaside area, the coverage rate was about $15%{\sim}20%$ in 2002, but this time it was $70%{\sim}75%$ as a result of the rapid increase of Zoysia macrostachya and Carex kobomugi. Pungseong sand dune area showed a monotonous state in variety and number, because of the strong wind and repetition of sand income and outcome.