• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.187-193
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• 2013

Dry matter allocation characteristics of Calystegia soldanella, grown in pots, was analysed to assess its plasticity in response to water-stressed conditions. As water was withheld leaf water potential between the two watering treatments was similar during the first 6 days, followed by a rapid decrease in water-stressed plants. The minimum leaf water potential was -1.50 MPa on day 15 and the maximum leaf water potential was about -0.5 MPa on day 0 in water-stressed plants. In well-watered plants leaf water potential was maintained almost consistently throughout the experiment. There was no significant difference in plant dry weight between the two watering treatments for 9 days after the start of experiment and that was remarkably increased thereafter, compared with that remained without any increase in water-stressed plants. In dry mass partitioning, however, the water-stressed plants showed a great plasticity, showing that there were 1.81, 1.35 and 0.81 times increase in root, stem and leaf, respectively. Dry mass partitioning in well-watered plants varied from 2% to 5%. The difference of dry mass partitioning between the two watering treatments was reflected in leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and root/shoot (R/S) ratio. LMA in water-stressed plants was lower than that in well-watered plants, while R/S ratio in water-stressed plants was higher in well-watered plants. This means that the water-stressed plants reduced its leaf area and increased dry mass partitioning into root and stem during the progress of soil drying. These results indicate that Calystegia soldanella inhabiting in sand dune cope with water stress with high plasticity which can adjust its dry mass partitioning according to soil water conditions.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.236-246
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• 2006

On the basis of field observation, geology of the footprints site consists of the Kwanghaeak Basalt, unnamed strata, Songaksan Tuff, Hamori Formation, and Sand Dune, in ascending order at the Hamori-Songaksan area and the Kwanghaeak Basalt, the hominid footprints-bearing strata, and Dune Sand are consisted in ascending order at the Sagaeri area. According to the designation that the Hamori Formation overlies the Songaksan Tuff, age dating results, and geologic sequence observed in the field, the strata containing hominid footprints are not correlated with the Hamori Formation but the unnamed strata, though the strata are shown as the Hamori Formation in the geologic map. It seems to be more reasonable that the geologic age of the footprints-bearing strata is thought to be around ca 15,000 yrs B.P. according to the results of $^{14}C$ dating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.247-247
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• 2017

Byobusan area of Aomori prefecture in Japan was a marshy sand dune and had developed for agricultural land use with a large-scale sprinkler system. Recently, it becomes an agricultural problem at this area that distinctive damage with browning maculation and fissures frequently occurs in Chinese yam tubers. Acetaldehyde is one of the factor candidates of underground part damage in plants. In this study, incidence rate of the tuber damage, and the morphological character and elemental composition of the damage parts in tubers were investigated with applications of excessive irrigation water or acetaldehyde water solution into the yam field. The incidence rate of the distinctive tuber damage increased as the input amount of irrigation water was increased. At the browning maculation parts of the tubers, many fissures and damages of cork layer were observed under scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the periderm of tubers was significantly thicker in damaged parts than in non-damaged parts. Funguses, bacterium and nematodes were not observed in the damaged part under scanning electron microscopy. The weight ratio of each constituent element in an analyzed area relative to the total weight of major essential elements was measured with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The results showed that the weight ratios of boron, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur and calcium were higher in damaged parts than in non-damaged parts whereas the weight ratios of oxygen and chlorine were lower in damaged parts than in non-damaged parts. It was also shown by this spectrometry that iron, cadmium, lead and zinc were not directly involved in occurrence of the tuber damage. In this study, there was no remarkable difference of tuber appearance between non-acetaldehyde and acetaldehyde application treatments. From the above results, it is shown that the damage would be a physiological disorder induced by the input of a large quantity of water in the sandy field.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.6 s.105
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• pp.863-872
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• 2004

The coastal alluvial plain, sand dune, tidal nat might be the most prominent coastal landscape in western coast of Korea. The purpose of this paper is to examine the irrigation and drainage systems of the alluvial plain in the tidal coast. This study is concerned on the geomorphological and cultural landscapes of the alluvial plain in the western coast of the South Jeolla Province. The alluvial deposits have developed mainly by the actions of tidal currents, rather than transporting sediments by stream. The transformation of plain has been affected by human agency since 1920's. Dwellers have constructed the reservoir, banks, dammed pools, lock gates, and tide-dykes for the reclamation, irrigation, and drainage on the alluvial plain, coastal sanddune, and tidal flats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1373-1377
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• 2010

Coastal sand-dune plants can survive very effectively with the help of various microbes, especially ecto- and endomycorrihizae. Penicillium citrinum KACC43900 was screened according to growth promoting activity on sand-dune plants Calystegia soldanella and Ischaemum anthephoroides. In this study, coastal sand-dune plants were treated with a fungal culture filtrate of endophytic fungus P. citrinum KACC43900 to confirm the promotion of plant growth. C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were used as representative coastal sand-dune plants, and their shoot length, plant length, and dry weight were analyzed. The shoot lengths of control C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were 8.60 cm and 8.12 cm, and those of samples treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 16.30 cm and 10.56 cm, respectively. The plant lengths of control C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were 14.90 cm and 14.80 cm, and those of samples treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 24.06 cm and 17.06 cm, respectively. The dry weight of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 0.163 g and 0.032 g, respectively. It was shown that the growth of shoots in C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides was promoted, 89.54% and 29.60%, by culture filtrate of P. citrinum KACC43900.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation, distribution and growth pattern of Glehnia littoralis community by the DCA ordination method in eastern coast of Korea. The number of plant species growth with G. littoralis in natural habitat was found 51 taxa, and species of high frequency among 51 taxa was Ixeris repens, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi, Elymus mollis, Lathyrus japonica and Zoysia macrostachya. Indicator species of Z. macrostachya, Linaria japonica, C. soldanella, I. repens, Carex pumila, Artemisia capillaris, Oenothera biennis, L. japonica and E. mollis in G. littoralis community was differential species of syntaxonomy. C. kobomugi, Z. macrostachya, E. mollis, Cynodon dactylon and L. japonica was the distribution in dryness sand and moisture sandyloam, I. repens, C. soldanella, L. japonica and C. pumila was the distribution in dryness sand. In coastal dune, I. repens, C. soldanella, Salsola komarovi and G. littoralis combined strength of the distribution, and sand of coast was typical of the habitat.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.141-145
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• 2019

This study investigated Quaternary sand deposits in the process of surveying Quaternary deposits distributed in Yonghan-ri, Heunghae-eup, Pohang city. Field geological surveys were conducted and OSL dating samples were taken. The altitude of the Quaternary sand deposits layer is about 15m, and there are two upper and lower sand dune layers, and a peat layer is developed between them. The sampling point are just above the peat layer, and the altitude level is about 13.4m (YHO-1) and about 13.7m (YHO-2). OSL dating was performed for YHO-1 and YHO-2 and the results were 69 ± 6 ka and 62 ± 5 ka, respectively. The date analyzed are interpreted as MIS 4. On the other hand, the formation time of the peat layer at an altitude of about 13.2 to 13.7m can be compared with the results of the OSL dating of the above sandy deposits. The peat layer can be inferred to have formed during MIS 5a or earlier.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.69-88
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• 2005

Distribution of benthic macrofauna was surveyed in the subtidal area and on the sand flat of Sindu-ri coast during July 2002. A total of 134 species, 3,511 individuals and 388g biomass of macrobenthos were sampled inclusively from the study sites. 109 species with a mean density of $1,298ind./m^2$ and biomass of $69.4g/m^2$ were collected from 10 stations established in the subtidal area. Polychaetes were represented as a dominant faunal group of the subtidal area in both species richness and density with values of 54 species and $813ind./m^2$. Cluster analysis based on the faunal composition showed that the subtidal area could be divided into four stational groups according to sedimentary characteristics: Cirrophorus armatus - Lumbrineris longifolia association on the mud sediment with pebbles near aqua-farms; Aonides oxycephala association on the rocky bed; Scoloplos armiger - Grandifoxus cuspis association on the sand-dominated sediment along the lowest low water; a association with higher evenness on the sand-dominated sediment in the depth. Although having characteristics of high value in species richness, density and species diversity, the macrobenthic association around the farming area was dominated by the opportunistic species such as Lumbrineris longifolia and Tharyx sp. Natural community represented by S. armiger and G. cuspis was developed in most sand-dominated areas. 50 species were sampled with a mean density of $2,443ind./m^2$ and biomass of $381.3g/m^2$ from eight+ stations along two transects on Sindu-ri sand flat. Mollusks were represented as a dominant faunal group of the sand flat in species richness, density and biomass with values of 20 species, $1,345ind./m^2$ and $350.4g/m^2$, respectively. Umbonium thomasi, Veneridae sp., Mandibulophoxus mai, Armandia lanceolata, Eohaustorius spinigerus, Urothoe convexa were dominant species and these species accounted for over 83% of total individuals. There were three distinct zones of macrobenthos on Sindu-ri sand flat according to the extent of exposure time. The upper zone was dominated by Scopimera globosa, the middle zone was characterized by M. mai, and the lower zone was dominated by E. spinigerus. Sindu-ri coastal area was considered as a healthy habitat for macrobenthos, except for around the farming area. It was considered that Sindu-ri coastal area including the sand flat connected to the sand dune of natural monument was a valuable habitat as a protected site in having no pollution source and no artificial structure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

This study conducted surveys to identify the distribution of communities and flora according to vegetation in the coastal sand dunes of Sagye in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, located at the southernmost tip of Korea. The survey was conducted over 20 sessions from April 2020 to October 2021. As a result of the study, physiognomy was classified into six correlated vegetation types: plant communities on the salt marsh, annual communities on a coastal drift-line, herb communities on a dune, shrub communities on a coastal dune, forest-edge communities on a dune, and artificial afforestation vegetation. The survey identified 43 communities, and a total of 212 taxa were found to be distributed among 62 families, 166 genera, 191 species, 15 varieties, 3 subspecies, and 3 forma. It was found that there were five rare plant taxa distributed in the area, including the Cymbidium macrorrhizum which was classified as an endangered Class II plant by the Ministry of Environment. Floristic target species identified by the surveys included 2 taxa for grade V, 5 taxa for grade IV, 15 taxa for grade III, 14 taxa for grade II, and 19 taxa for grade I. Climate-sensitive biological indicator species included 11 indicator and 2 candidate species, representing a high ratio of 33.3% of all indicator species and 15.4% of candidate species. Naturalized plants included 16 families, 43 genera, and 52 taxa, with a naturalization rate of 21.1% and an urbanization index of 24.5%. It is expected that these results will be widely used as data needed to prepare conservation and management measures for biodiversity in response to climate change in coastal dunes in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.511-521
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• 2002

Coastal sand dunes in West coast of Korea are under stress. Due to the newly constructed Seohaean(West Coast) Highways, the number of visitors and the anthropogenic pressures will keep rising in near future. Sea level rise due to the global warming may cause a lot of damage to the natural resources and residents of coastal area. Therefore, many countries including United States are doing nationwide coastline survey using highly sophisticated methodology. In this study, high resolution IKONOS satellite images along with aerial photographs taken since 1960's have been sequentially analyzed using GIS software (Erdas Imagine 8.3). Onsite monitoring has been performed at the 31 measuring points in 10 beaches since the May of 2001 in order to measure the sand budget. Post-construction monitoring after installation of sand fences is also being done on sites regularly. Restoration works seem to be effective at this moment.