• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.858-859
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• 2012

해상에서의 데이터는 디지털 수로데이터 교환 표준인 국제수로기구(IHO, International Hydrographic Organization)의 S-57을 기반으로 제작된다. 그러나 S-57은 지리정보 외의 정보를 표현하는데 한계를 나타내었다. S-57의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 다양한 해양데이터를 활용할 수 있는 시스템 체계로 수로 데이터를 위한 데이터 모델과 규격을 정의하는 S-100을 제정하였다. S-100을 기반으로 하여 수로데이터를 위한 표준으로 S-101을 제정하고 있으며, 데이터 검색 및 활용을 위한 메타데이터도 포함하여 구성하였다. S-101의 개발에 따라 S-57전자해도를 S-101전자해도로 변환이 요구되고 있으며, 이와 함께 메타데이터에 대한 변환도 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 S-57의 메타데이터 요소와 S-101의 메타데이터 요소를 비교 분석하여 메타데이터 변환모델을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2011

Because voyages of large ship applies electronic chart, electronic chart standardization takes a peak importance in navigation safety. Currently the standard electronic chart follows the form S-57 but is currently establishing S-100 as the new Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data. S-100 was determined by IHO about Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data in 2010 years. Hence as S-100 takes place as the new standard for the safety of ocean vessel activities, the electronic chart, which was previously based on S-57, would be in avail only after it follows the new S-100 form. This paper discusses analyzations of metadata thorugh S-57 record and field, and study a system which creates S-100 Metadata.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.146-150
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• 1999

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an EUC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting then to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.469-478
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• 2000

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS) and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an ENC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting them to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.84
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• pp.57-57
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.200-212
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• 2004

Electronic Navigational Chart is a sophisticated digital chart which contains navigational information such as coastline, depth of water, and nautical mark. It contains high levels of textual, spatial and graphical data, and rapidly replaces traditional paper charts. Although Electronic Navigational Chart has been successfully applied to the navigation of ships, the specific data format, S-57, requires some specialized systems. Furthermore its usage may be limited to specific domains and experts with restrictions. To overcome these limitations resulting from the specific data format, S-57, of Electronic Navigational Chart, more general data format such as XML will be preferred. If Electronic Navigational Chart is transformed into the form of XML, it can be easily accessed and exchanged on the internet. Therefore it may be used for more users and applications. In this paper, we propose an XML. Schema to equivalently represent XML for the S-57 format of Electronic Navigational Chart and develop a program translating the S-57 Electronic Navigational chart to XML document according to the proposed XML schema.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2008

Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) are digital charts encoded in S-57 format, which contain navigational informations such as coastlines, depth areas, and nautical marks. Although they have been successfully used for the safe navigation of ships, they have limited usages and applications because of their specialized data format and access systems. To cope with such drawbacks, S-57 ENCs need to be transformed into more generalized format such as Geography Markup Language (GML). The transformed GML ENCs can be kept in a database for efficiency, and can be accessed through Internet for usability. This paper proposes a new method for transforming and managing ENCs with XML database. S-57 ENCs are lust transformed into GML format, and then stored in a XML database. On the database, users can query for their needs. To validate the feasibility of the proposed method, we developed a protype system, and then conducted several test runs. The system can provide users with easy access to the marine information contained in ENCs. It also provides compatibility and efficiency by virtue of GML and XML database, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10c
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• pp.230-234
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• 2006

S-57 포맷으로 기술된 전자해도는 바다에 대한 디지털 지도로서 해안선, 수심, 항로표시 등과 같은 다양한 정보를 표현하고 있다. 이러한 전자해도는 주로 선박의 항해라는 특수한 목적으로만 사용되어 왔고, 전용의 시스템을 통해서만 이용할 수 있는 단점이 있다. 또한, S-57이라는 특수한 포맷으로 기술되어 있기 때문에 다양한 활용이 어렵다는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 전자해도를 손쉽게 이용하고 해양정보시스템의 기반 데이터로 활용하기 위해서는 범용의 표준 포맷으로 변환할 필요가 있다. 이러한 범용 표준으로 OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium)에서는 지리정보를 효과적으로 표현할 수 있는 XML(eXtensible Markup Language) 기반의 GML(Geography Markup Language) 표준을 발표하였다. 이에 본 논문에서는 선박의 항해에만 제한적으로 사용되던 전자해도를 손쉽고 다양한 활용이 가능하도록 GML로 변환하고 관리하는 방법을 제한한다. 즉, S-57 포맷의 전자해도를 GML 포맷으로 변환하고, 변환된 GML을 데이터베이스로 관리하는 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.323-332
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• 2004

This study researched the visual acuity test object and Auto-refractormeter, visual of near power. The object were composed of middle aged, the old men and women who in habit Daegu. The results were as follows : 1. The subjects consisted of 537 people, 29.98% men, 70.02% women. 2. The emmetropia was 1.12% for myopia, 2.79% for hyperopia, 96.09% for astigmatism. 3. The abnormal refraction was composition for myopic compound astigmatism(16.57%), hyperopia compound astigmatism(45.62%), Mixed astigmatism(33.89%). 4. On the Myopic Spherical Equivalent(S.E) power, the range of -0.50D ${\leq}$ M.S.E < -1.00D was 21.67%, -1.00D ${\leq}$ M.S.E < -2.00D was 48.89%, -2.00D ${\leq}$ M.S.E < -6.00D was 29.44%. 5. On the Hyperopic Spherical Equivalent(S.E) power, the range of +0.50D ${\leq}$ H.S.E < +1.00D was 28.57%, +1.00D ${\leq}$ H.S.E < +2.00D was 49.30%, +2.00D ${\leq}$ H.S.E < +6.00D was 23.13%. 6. The addition power was 1.00D(8.01%), 1.50D(8.57%), 2.00D(13.78%), 2.50D(16.57%), 3.00D(16.95%), 3.50D(17.88%), 4.00D(18.25%).

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-57
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• 2003