• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2010

Sodium sulfate is commonly added in reactive dyebath in order to increase substantivity of the reactive dye to cellulose fiber by reducing repulsion between anionic dye and fiber. While sodium sulfate is mostly used in solid form, it is inconvenient to dissolve a large amount of powder sodium sulfate. Furthermore, if there is undissolved salt in dyebath it might cause unlevel dyeing. In this study, sodium sulfate in liquid or solid form was used in dyeing of cellulose fabric with reactive dyes of three primary color and the effect of type or amount of sodium sulfate on dyeing and fastness properties was investigated. When the amount of sodium sulfate rose to 30-50 g/l, K/S value of the dyed fabric markedly increased; further rise in sodium sulfate concentration resulted in slow increase in K/S value. For light color, optimum amount was about 30 g/l in solid form and 50-100 g/l in liquid form while, for medium to deep color, it was 50 g/l and 100-150 g/l in solid and liquid form, respectively. When using each optimum amount of salt in solid or liquid form for medium color, shape of dyeing curve as well as exhaustion was similar to each other. On the whole, similar color fastness results were obtained regardless of type or amount of sodium sulfate.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

Fabric made of 100% silk was dyed with Undaria pinnatifida extracts under different conditions such as varing colorant concentration, temperature, time and dyebath pH. The dye uptake (K/S, value), CIE L*,a*,b* and Munsell values of the dyed samples and mordanted samples were measured. Colorfastness, antibacterial property and UV protection property were also evaluated. As colorants concentration increased, the dye uptake increased progressively and maximum color strength was obtained at 100% V/V. Dye uptake also increased with increasing temperature and time, and the maximum color strength was obtained at $80^{\circ}C$ and 60min. With pre-mordanting, the color of the Al and Fe mordanted silk fabrics was yellow on the Munsell color system, while the Cu mordanted fabric was a greenish color. Al and Fe post-mordanted fabrics had a yellow tone, and the Cu post-mordanted fabric had a yellow greenish tone. The light fastness property of the Cu mordanted silk fabric was relatively good, The effect of Al and Fe mordanting on fastness was insignificant. The antibacterial activity of dyed and unmordanted silk fabric was excellent, whereas fabric dyed and mordanted with Undaria pinnatifida extract demonstrated superior ultraviolet protection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.540-543
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• 1997

이 보고서에서는 최근에 저자 등이 5-100단백질을 함유하고 있는 아주 드문 폐 실질안의 신경종양을 경험하 였기에 보고하고자 한다. 이 환자는 47세 남자로 평소 증상은 없었으나, 신체검사에서 우연히 발견된 좌측 폐문의 종피를 주소로 내원한 자이다 이 종괴의 정확한 진단 및 치료를 위하여 수술을 시행하였으며, 병리 조직학적 검사에서 원발성 폐실질내 신경초종으로 판명되었다. 특수염색검사에서 종양안의 5-100단백질의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2020

In this study, the efficacy of Amaranth(Amaranthus spp. L.) as a natural dye resource was investigated for wool fabrics. It is known that a large amount of flavonoid and anthocyanin colorant are contained in leaves and stems, as well as red flowers. The optimum condition of dyeing was 1.3% of dye concentration(o.w.b.) at 100℃ for 60 minutes, resulting the K/S value, 23.43 and R Munsell color on the wool fabrics. Al, Fe, Zinc and Titanium were used as a mordant. The mordant improved the dye uptake, regardless of the mordant type and mordant method. The pre-mordanting method was more effective than the post-mordanting method. Al pre-mordanted fabric showed the highest K/S, 30.02. Light fastness and washing fastness were high in grades 4-5 and 5, and rubbing fastness was good in grades 4 and 4-5 in dry condition, but low in grades 2-3 and 3 in wet condition. The dry cleaning fastness was excellent in all 5 grades. However, the alkaline perspiration fastness ratings were low in grades 2-3 and 3. The results show Amaranthus spp. L. colorant can be used as a functional natural dye for wool fabrics.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.771-778
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• 2008

The natural dyeing of cotton fabric with Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract was investigated. The proper extraction temperature and time were $100^{\circ}C$ and 120 minutes. The proper temperature, time and colorant powder concentration for the dyeing of cotton fabric with Perilla frutescens var. acuta powder were $90^{\circ}C$, 60 minutes and 15%(o.w.b.), respectively. In various mordanted methods, the K/S values of simultaneous-mordanted methods were higher than those of pre-and post-mordanted methods. And the Cu-and Fe mordant showed higher K/S values than those of other mordants. Light colorfasness of mordanted cotton fabric was poor, but the other colorfasnesses were shown to be good. The cotton fabric mordanted with Cu mordant was showed effective bacterial reduction.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1998

Nonwoven fabric was treated with chitosan solution to impart antimicrobial activities by pad-dry method. Antimicrobial activity was measured by Shake Flask Method. Two chitosans of different molecular weight(Mw) with similar degree of deacetylation(DDA) were used : ca. 1,800(chitosan oligomer : DDA 84%) and 180,000(DDA 86%). Chitosan oligomer displayed high antimicrobial activity against P. vulgaris at 0.01%, S. aureus and E. coli at 0.05% treatment concentration, shelving above 90% of reduction rate. Chitosan of Mw 180,000 was effective against S. aureus, E. coil and P. vulgaris at 0.05% treatment concentration, showing almost 100% reduction rate. While chitosan of Mw 180,000 shelved reduction rate above 75% against K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa at 0.5% treatment concentration, chitosan oligomer was not effective against them. Fabrics become stiffer and less air permeable as treatment concentration increases. Liquid strike-through time of the sample treated with 0.5% chitosan oligomer solution (3.0 sec) was comparable with a hydrophilic finished sample commercially available(2.6 sec).

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.32-40
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• 1999

Chitosan fiber was prepared by wet spinning with various draw ratio. Chitosan fiber was coated with f-carboxymethyl keratein(SCMK) by extruding chitosan solution into 1 M NaOH solution containing 1% SCMK. Among three chitosan used in this study(chitosans of 5 cps, 50 cps, 100 cps), 50 cps chitosan gave the best tenacity and optimum concentration was 5%. SCMK coating increased the tenacity of chitosan fiber. Regardless of SCMK coating, tenacity and elongation of both chitosan fibers were increased with the increase of draw ratio. Chitosan fiber showed antimicrobial activity against Staphyloccus aureus showing 66∼72% of bacteria reduction rates. On the other hand, chitosan fiber coated with SCMK didn't show any antimicrobial activity.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2011년도 제44차 학술발표회
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• pp.52-52
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• 2011

나노필라멘트는 단면직경이 수백 나노미터에서 수십 나노미터 수준인 초극세 장섬유를 말하며, 해도형 복합방사로 얻어진 섬유를 알칼리 감량을 통해 해성분을 용출하여 도성분에 해당하는 나노필라멘트를 얻는다. 이러한 나노필라멘트사는 초극세와 마찬가지로 단위중량당 표면적이 크고, 작은 굴곡반경 및 낮은 굴곡 반발성으로 인하여 일반 합성섬유에 비하여 고가성 및 새로운 기능성을 부여하는 제품에 응용 될 수 있다. 특히 나노필라멘트를 이용한 편물제품으로 경편물은 wiping cloth 등 산업용도에 적용되며, 환편물은 인조피혁 등 의류용으로 사용된다. 나노필라멘트 편물은 원사섬도, 편물의 조직, 밀도 및 중량 등에 따라 분할율과 용출 특성이 상이하므로 후가공 공정에 있어서 감량공정은 매우 중요하다. 또한 나노필라멘트와 같은 세사의 경우 일반사보다 비표면적이 증가하여 동일한 염색조건에서 옅은 색상을 나타낸다. 이로 인해 같은 색상을 위하여 보다 많은 염료를 투입해야 하며, 결과적으로 견뢰도 문제가 발생할 우려가 있다. 이 연구에서는 해도형 나노필라멘트 PET 원사와 일반 PET사를 복합한 2종의 편물을 이용하여 알칼리감량특성 및 3가지 분산염료에 대한 염색성과 견뢰도를 조사하였다. 알칼리 처리조건에 따른 감량률을 측정함으로써 각 편물의 이론 감량률에 도달하는 지점을 확인하고, SEM사진 분석을 통하여 해도사의 감량정도 및 분할특성을 확인하였다. 나노필라멘트 편성물은 염료농도가 증가함에 따라 지속적으로 K/S 값이 증가하였으나, 전체적으로 낮은 K/S값을 얻었다. 또한 염색온도가 110에서 $100^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라 K/S값이 감소하였는데, 이는 고온에서 분산염료가 나노필라멘트로부터 일반 PET사로 이염이 더 많이 발생하였기 때문이라고 생각된다. 세탁견뢰도의 경우 양호 또는 우수하였으나, 일광견뢰도의 경우 1등급으로 매우 낮아 이를 개선하기 위한 노력이 향후 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.620-625
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• 2017

In this study, the dyeing conditions(temperature, time, concentration) are changed from various conditions on wool fabrics by using corydalis tuber extract in order to develop new natural dyes. The purpose of this study is to improve the dyeability, color fastness, and functionality and to derive optimal dyeing conditions by comparing and analyzing the changes of K/S values and surface color by dyeing pH changes, mordant method, and mordant type. As a result of the experiment, the optimum dyeing condition of the wool fabrics is shown dyeing temperature:$80^{\circ}C$, dyeing time:90min, dyeing concentration:100%. The dyeability by pH variants of corydalis tuber extract indicates that K/S values is higher alkaline than acidic. The mordant method of corydalis tuber extract showed pre-mordant has high K/S values. In terms of color fastness, marked improvement has not been shown despite of mordant treatment on wool fabrics. In particular, color change of color fastness to washing, color fastness to light indicates the low fastness. In addition, the functionality such as antibacterial activities and deodorization can be given at dyeing with corydalis tuber extract thus it is expected to be applied to underwear or apparel products for the elderly and infirm and children with weak skin that required high functionality.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.720-726
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• 1999

고전압 펄스 전기장(PEF)가 P. rhodozyma 세포의 형태학적 변화와 carotenoid의 추출에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 전기장 세기 $10{\sim}50\;kV/cm$와 처리시간 $100{\sim}300\;{\mu}s$의 범위에서 세포를 PEF 처리했을 때 전기장의 세기와 처리시간이 증가함에 따라 세포의 팽창, 손상 정도와 세포내 물질이 유출되는 정도가 증가하였다. $10{\sim}50\;kV/cm$, 100 Hz의 exponential decay파로 세포현탁액을 $100\;{\mu}s$ 또는 $300\;{\mu}s$ 처리하였을 때 최대 전기장(50 kV/cm)에서 생균수가 각각 1.5 및 2.5 log 감소하였다. 50 kV/cm의 전기장에서 세포막에 형성되는 electroporation 정도는 98%에 달하였고, 이 때 세포의 회복률은 5% 미만으로 확인되었다. Phloxine B 색소로 세포를 염색했을 때 생균세포는 염색되지 않았으나, PEF 처리한 세포는 색소가 내부로 침투되어 적색으로 염색되었으므로 세포막이 손상된 것을 알 수 있었다. Carotenoid 색소가 P. rhodozyma 세포막의 지방체와 결합한 상태로 존재하기 때문에 고전압 PEF 처리에 의한 세포막 투과성 증진의 효과만으로는 색소 추출이 어려웠으나, 세포현탁액 조제시에 0.01% NaCl 용액 대신에 0.01% $CaCl_2$ 용액을 사용하는 경우에는 $10{\sim}20\;{\mu}g$의 색소 추출 증진 효과가 있었다.