• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 1997

The objective of this paper is to think about what structural reforms of the Korean government S&T development management system might be. Korean society is currently experiencing a drastic socio-economic transformation. The results of this transformation should be reflected on the determining process of the directions and breadths of structural reforms of government S&T development management system. Because the government system design will be based on the premises of socio-economic conditions under which administrative activities perform and also this socio-economic changes can influence on changes of the premises of government management system design. Moreover, S&T development management system is a subsystem of government system so that the directions of structural reform of those subsystems should be considered in the broad framework changes in the development management system of the government. For the last forty years, the Korean government S&T development management system has been based on the premises including transformation from an agrarian society to an industrial society, authoritarianism and centrally controlled institutions, and exteremely small portions of private investments for science and thechonology R & D of the total. Recently, however, the premises of Korean government S&T development management system have rapidly changed. the characteristics of these changes are including tranformation from an industrial society to a knowledge and information intensive society, globalization, localization, and relatively large portion of private investments for science and technology R & C of the total. The basis of government reforms in Korea was the realization of the performances and values through the enhancement of national competitive capacity, attainment of lean government, decentralization and autonomy. However, the Korean government has attached a symbolic value of strategic organizations representing strong policy intentions of government for the science and technology based development. Most problems associated with the Korean government S&T development management system have grown worse during 1990s. Many people perceive that considerable part of this problem was generated because the government could not properly adapt itself to new administrative environment and the paradigm shift in its role. First of all, the Korean government S&T development management system as a whole failed to develop an integrated vision under which processes in formulating science and thechology development goals and developing consistent government plans concerning science and technology development are guided. Second, most of the local governments have little organizational capacity and manpowers to handle localized activities to promote science and technology in their regions. Third, the measure to coordinate and set priorities to invest resources for the development of science and technology was not effective. Fourth, the Most has been losing its reputation as the symbol of ideological commitment of the top policy maker to promote science and technology. Various ideas to reform government S&T development management system have been suggested recently. Most frequently cited ideas are as follow : (ⅰ)strengthen the functions of MoST by supplementing the strong incentive and regulatory measures; (ⅱ)create a new Ministry of Education, Science & Technology and Research by merging the Ministry of Education and the MoST; (ⅲ)create a new Ministry of Science & Technology and Industry ; and(ⅳ)create a National Science and Technology Policy Council under the chairmanship of the President. Four alternatives suggested have been widely discussed among the interested parties and they each have merits as well as weaknesses. The first alternative could be seen as an alternative which cannot resolve current conflicts among various ministries concerning priority setting and resource allocation. However, this alternatives can be seen as a way of showing the top policymaker's strong intention to emphasize science and technology based development. Second alternative is giving a strategic to emphasize on the training and supplying qualified manpower to meet knowledge and information intensive future society. This alternative is considered to be consistent with the new administrative paradigm emphasizing lean government and decentralization. However, opponents are worrying about the linkages and cooperative research between university and industry could be weakening. The third alternative has been adopted mostly in nations which have strong basic science research but weak industrial innovation traditions. Main weakness of this alternative for Korea is that Korean science and technology development system has no strong basic science and technology research traditions. The fourth alternative is consistent with new administrative paradigms and government reform bases. However, opponents to this alternative are worried that the intensive development of science and technology because of Korea's low potential research capabilities in science and technology development. Considerning the present Korean socio-economic situation which demands highly qualified human resources and development strategies which emphasizes the accumulations of knowledge-based stocks, I would like to suggest the route of creating a new Ministry of Education, Science & Technology and Research by intergrating education administration functions and science & technology development function into one ministry.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.135-140
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• 2020

The main battlefield of 'made in China 2025' proposed by the Chinese government is the deep integration of industrialization and informatization, among which intelligent manufacturing and new energy vehicles are the key links. New energy vehicle refers to the use of unconventional automotive fuel as a power source (or use conventional automotive fuel, the use of new vehicle-mounted power plant), integrated vehicle power control and driving aspects of advanced technology, the formation of advanced technical principles, with new technology and the structure of the vehicle. BYD's success in the battery, I T and automobile industries has attracted the attention of the industry, making it a shining new star in the Chinese business community. BYD 's innovation, diversification and corporate culture construction have certain enlightenment to the development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, by looking at the Chinese network literature, about BYD's research mainly focused on the development strategy, corporate finance, corporate performance, and corporate marketing, etc. This paper will take BYD as the research object and focus on corporate culture. Through literature analysis and qualitative analysis, it will summarize and further analyze the unique corporate culture of BYD, its important role, and provide relevant theoretical references for the construction and development of corporate culture in other industries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.11-20
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• 1998

This study investigates the current situation of the ISO 9000 manufacturing industry in Taiwan, analyzing the business influence of ISO 9000 and the relation of the influence to industry-related characteristics. The study utilized polling and was approached from six aspects, using 26 indicator items to evaluate performance. The six approaches consisted of business management, finance management, production management, human resources management, marketing management, and a company's overall situation. Methods used to analyze the collected data were mainly drawn from descriptive statistics e.g.. the T test and analysis of single factors with variation. The study found that $96.6\%$ of the industry thought that the introduction of the ISO 9000 series was somewhat beneficial. The 26 indicator items among the six approaches were proved substantially effective by the T test. It was obvious that the effect of the ISO 9000 series industry standard was beneficial and helpful to the manufacturing industry.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

The aging of the population has a fundamental impact on the national economy, including decline in productive population, atrophy of available funds, slowdown of technological innovation, slowdown of economic growth, and decrease in vitality of society as a whole. Increase of elderly population would lead to increase in elderly welfare consumers, which would also lead to increase the demand for elderly welfare services. However, due to the continuation of the low birth rate, there is a great shortage of human resources who can handle this. In such a situation, the main goal of the elderly welfare system in the future should aim to actively try to design effective policies, prepare systems, and implement services for the problems of the aged society, and to find ways to expand the finances, manpower, methods, and facilities necessary for the welfare of the elderly. Elderly welfare services in Korea have been changed and developed in accordance with socioeconomic changes such as industrialization and urbanization. This study examines the changes in elderly welfare services in Korea by the flow of times and presents a method which utilizes artificial intelligence and Internet of Things in services for the elderly welfare consumers to improve both quality and efficiency.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 1996

For evaluating the suitability of human follicular fluid(HFF) as protein supplement in ART, this preliminary study was performed to examine the maturation promoting activity of HFF on mouse follicular oocytes in vitro. Mouse follicular oocytes were collected from ovaries of 21-28 day old ICR mice by puncturing the antral follicles with fine needle at 48 hours after PMSG injection. The oocytes were rinsed and cultured in modified Whittingham's $T_6$ medium containing purines or dbcAMP to maintain meiotic arrest, and different concentrations of HFF were added into the culture medium to examine the effect of HFF on releasing the oocytes from the suppressive influence of the meiotic inhibitors. As a control for HFF, the maturation promoting activity of human fetal cord serum(HFCS) was investigated and compared with the activity of HFF. While HFF was separated, by molecular weight(M.W), into high M.W. fraction(M.W>30,000) and low M.W. fraction(M.W<30,000) and the effects of the fractions on meiotic resumption were investigated in the presence of the meiotic inhibitors. Also hormone analysis was performed to compare the content of hormones in HFF with that in HFCS. Same concentrations of HFF and HFCS induced similar germinal vesicle break down(GVBD) rates of the oocytes meiotic arrested by purines(4mM hypoxanthine+0.75mM adenosine), but the extrusion rate of 1st polar body(PB) of the oocytes cultured in HFF(65.0%, P<0.05) was significantly higher than that(51.6%) in HFCS. While, in the presence of 200 M dbcAMP, the maturation promoting activity of HFF (GVBD: 70.5%, $p<10^{-6}$; 1st PB extrusion: 67.1%, $p<10^{-3}$) was significantly greater than that of HFCS(GVBD: 35.2%; 1st PB extrusion: 41.1%). The oocytes cultured in the fraction of HFF containing high M.W. components showed higher meiotic maturation rates than the oocytes cultured in the low M.W. fraction of HFF. Gonadotropins and $E_2$ were known to improve the completion of maturation changes, and the levels of these hormones were higher in HFF than in HFCS. Therefore, HFF was more effective than HFCS to use for promoting meiotic resumption of mouse oocytes in vitro.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-44
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• 2007

Background: Eight-Constitution Medicine (ECM) classifies the human body into eight constitutions. Diagnosis of discrimination of the eight constitutions depends on a unique pulse diagnosis. However, pulse diagnosis is subjective and requires vigorous training. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the Eight-Constitution Questionnaire as a diagnostic method. Methods: Participants of this study were outpatients in six ECM clinics located in Seoul. The resources were collected from 409 patients who were classified into one of the eightconstitutions according to their pulse types and their responses to constitution-acupuncture therapy. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis: factor analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, and multinomial logistic regression were used to verify the results. Results and Conclusions: 1. The proportion of participants' constitutions is in the order of Pancreotonia (23.7%), Colonotonia (19.8%), Pulmotonia (18.1%), Hepatonia (16.9%), Vesicotonia (8.1%), Cholecystotonia (7.3%), Renotonia (5.3%) and Gastrotonia (0.7%). 2. Sevencomponents and 74 items were selected through factor factor and relaibility analysis performed on about 251 items. 3. The firstcomponent's mean is significantly higher in Pancreotonia than that in other constitutions (p<0.05). The second is in Pulmotonia and Colonotonia, whereas the third is in Hepatonia and Cholecystotonia. Fifth is in Vesicotonia, the sixth is in Colonotonia, and the fourth and seventh are not significant in specific constitutions. 4. The percentage that Pancreotonia is correctly predicted is 96.9%, Pulmotonia is 91.9%, Colonotonia is 91.4%, Hepatonia is 88.4%, Vesicotonia is 81.8%, Gastrotonia is 66.7%, Renotonia is 66.7%, Choleeystotonia is 30.0%, and the total percentage is 85.3%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2013

The importance of human resources empowerment for operation and management is increasing for sustainable effects and improvement in mountain eco village development projects. This study aimed to understand the cognition characteristics of operator who works for mountain eco villages as part of the mountain village development and to suggest improvement methods in empowerment training aspects. The survey contained operator's empowerment and operator systems in mountain eco villages and the results were analyzed for the study. Operators who joined the mountain eco village operator training course by Korea Forest Service were conducted the survey on March 12th~13th in 2012 and March 13th~15th in 2013. 69 and 58 of questionnaires were collected respectively and analyzed for the study. T-test was applied to Intergroup cognition difference and regression analysis was used for influential factors in necessity of operator's role. Collected data was analyzed by statistical package programme SPSS 18.0 version. According to the comparison of empowerment cognition with contingent upon training experience, 'harmony with residents' showed significantly difference at p<0.05 level. In the recognition comparison for prospect of future mountain eco village development, 'various training experiences' was significantly difference at p<0.01 level between positive and negative prospect group. Regression analysis revealed that 'communication with village leader', 'harmony with residents', and 'idea related to the project' have an effect on necessity of operator's empowerment significantly. Based on the results, the study suggests improved directions for operator's empowerment training as a horizontal leader who conduces a mountain village.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.151-171
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of Interdisciplinary course for improving the competency of collegiate Interpersonal & Cooperative Skills, Resources-Information-Technology Processing & Application and Communication. The course proved to be effective based on the result for examination of difference between the experimental group of 43 students who took the interdisciplinary course and the control group of 44 students who did not take that course of the second semester of H university in 2015. The study applied the method of Paired-sample T-Test to investigate the difference of Interpersonal & Cooperative Skills, Resources-Information-Technology Processing & Application and Communication and their sub-skills between the two participant groups. As a result, Interdisciplinary course had an effect on improvement of Interpersonal & Cooperative Skills and it's sub skills; however, it had no effect on improvement of Resources-Information-Technology Processing & Application and Communication competency and their sub-skills. The results provide theoretical and practical implications for the interdisciplinary course and core competence of college students. They suggest that interdisciplinary course design should be more careful to improve students' competency on Resources-Information-Technology Processing & Application and Communication competency than before.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.670-675
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• 2004

We have examined the effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), prostaglandin $E_2$ (PG $E_2$) and dibutric cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) on the methylation of interferon- ${\gamma}$ (IFN- ${\gamma}$ ) gene in human Jurkat T cells. The CpG dinucleotide which is critical for promoter function of IFN- ${\gamma}$ gene was methylated by treatment with SNAP, PG $E_2$ and dbcAMP, respectively. The DNA methylation induced by PG $E_2$ was suppressed by the addition of 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (DDA), an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase, but the suppression was not observed in SNAP treated cells. The NO production was not enhanced in PG $E_2$ or dbcAMP treated cells. The methylation induced by PG $E_2$ and dbcAMP was not suppressed by the addition of $N^{G}$-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), NO synthase inhibitor. In conclusion, the inhibition of INF- ${\gamma}$ gene expression by PG $E_2$ was associated with the methylation of INF- ${\gamma}$ gene by elevation of intracellular cAMP in human Jurkat T cells. However, the methylation induced by PG $E_2$ might not be mediated through the NO production.rough the NO production.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2000

In this research the results showed that Evans blue stain causes vascular permeation at antibody injection site by the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) screening of octpus minor so we concluded. Octopus minor causes allergy. Psedosciaena Polyactis, Raja Kenojei, Metapenaeus joyneri also showed allergenicity. Microwave and autoclaving appeared to reduced allergenicity(up to 99%) during the technological treatment processing. On the other hand, UV light didn't seem to change the protein structure of allergens affect the allergenicity. Therefore, the technological treatment processing of fish such as canning and microwave would possibly reduce the allergenicity. Among the ultrafiltration fraction of Octopus minor, Pseudosciaena Polyactis, Raja Kenojei and Metapenaeus joyneri, those fraction over 100,000 contained allergen and those under 100,000 and when screening allergenic fish went through 10,000~100,000 ultrafiltration, only the fraction of over 100,000 showed the anaphylactis activity for PCA. However whether screening fish would cause anaphylaxis in human or not is questionable. The future clinical experiment will verify this result with clinical experiment patients.