• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2017

This study investigated the characteristics of outdoor advertising in downtown streets where the local governments improved and maintained. The purpose of this study was to examine how they met outdoor advertising guidelines in the basic landscape plan and how they contributed to the improvement of urban landscape. The outdoor advertising improvement project of local governments has contributed to the formation of downtown street landscape. However, as outdoor advertising is increasingly occupied in the landscape, it becomes a factor that hinders the landscape. Moreover, as outdoor advertising aims at advertisement, unique outdoor advertising has appeared, which is not matched with the surroundings. Therefore, it is necessary to take complementary measures. This study is a basic study to investigate the characteristics of outdoor advertising improvement which is a key element of urban landscape formation. Therefore, further study should be conducted on how an improved street image is evaluated.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore social supports for elderly housing and their residential lives in small cities along rural counties of the United States and Canada, and suggest future implications for age-concentrated rural villages in Korea. In this study, five small and medium cities in non-metropolitan counties of California and Ontario province were visited and elderly residents and service experts were interviewed about their perceptions of community integrated social support networks for senior residences. The senior housing complexes were built due to influx of both metropolitan and rural residents seeking warm localities, traffic connections, business purposes in active production areas. and leisure attractions. There are five main social support networks for senior housing issues in these areas. First, the areas are claimed for senior zones and accordingly health industries are encouraged by local authorities. Second, the community is homogeneously constructed as a senior friendly environment and include features such as an RV park and mobile cottages. Third, senior-helping seniors are offered active work through golf-cluster active retirement communities. Fourth, traditional theme production camps are mobilized by the elderly workers. Lastly, an information system is maintained for screening volunteers and for senior abuse prevention. On the other hand, residential lives are occasionally negatively influenced by unbalanced concentrations of elderly facilities such as nursing stations and funeral homes. For the future of Korean rural elderly policies, suggestions are made as follows: first, an integrated urban and rural township that contains attractive places for early retiring people who seek a warm atmosphere in later life needs to be constructed. Second, an integrated model retirement village of urban and rural retirement life needs to be initiated as a measure of evaluating the adaptation process of movers in senior concentrated zones. Third, a cooperation system among governmental ministries needs to be formed with the long- term goal of establishing a traditional rural town of independent housing districts and medical facilities in rural areas. Fourth, productive and active lifestyles need to be maintained as the local community and government develop successful retirement rural villages, by limiting the expansion of nursing related facilities. Finally, generation integrated visiting welfare programs and services need to be further developed for the housing areas especially in the winter, when social integration and activity are relatively low.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to find what architectural restoration and street-scaping conservation of early settlement in Virginia, which have processed on the style of 18th centuries. One of the settlements in Virginia was Williamsburg that located in the high land between Jamestown and Yorktown. In 1698, the capital of Virginia was moved from Jamestown for the safer environment. At that time they constructed the town like a small urban that had a straight-lined Duke Glocester Street, Georgian style buildings, and landscapes of 18th centuries. Before 1928 the village was flown into ruins, but Rector of the church, Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, understood the value of reservation to restore the village as colonial architectural style that has an original figure. John Rockefeller Jr. has taken part in his restoration of colonial style of architecture and culture. This paper surveyed nine cases of buildings and srtreet-scape on Duke Glocester Street. Most of the buildings on the street have a proposition, balance, and equipment of Georgian architectural facade in 18th centuries. The conclusion has three points. First, the Williamsburg has been reserved as an early colonial settlement through the restoration of architecture and street-scape design. Second, main architectural style is a Georgian form that has a balance, proportion, and simplicity of facade. Also new buildings and additions of architecture have to keep 'Design Review Guideline of Colonial Williamsburg' in order to contribute the existing colonial buildings. Third, the main street-scape, Duke Glocester Street shows Georgian architecture and cultural life pattern with tradition.

• 농촌계획
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.8-19
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• 1998

The problem of outdated and surplus facility-items in existing Rural Living Environment Renewal Program(RLERP) makes this study focus on restricting the range of facility sorts for the purpose of coㅁins with the changing rural living environment. In the four aspects of plan establishment, project implementation, comprehensiveness and linkage between programs, this study made an analysis of the existing RLERP that has 4-stage hierarchy, namely, Gun(county), Myun(primary administrative district), village and project site level Firstly, Myun and upper level policy programs fulfill the comprehensiveness and planning aspects, but have defects in the implementation and linkage aspects. Secondly, the village level programs satisfies more or less the four condition, but give rise to the problems of equity between the project target village and the non-target, and of generalization of the planning method applying to a specific village. At last, project level programs, controlled by several ministries, have defects in comprehensiveness and linkage aspects, exposing the sectoralism of central government. Above all, the existing RLERP has so many facility items, which have led to inefficient investment till now. Therefore, it's necessary that the environmental facilities should be selected(simultaneously reduced ), referring to following 5 criteria. (1) Exception of facilities relating to agricultural production. (2) Confined to public facilities to be constructed by government support. (3) Common-use facilities located in small town and below level area. (4) Consideration of not only the present need but also the future need of rural residents. (5) Reflection of a regional difference of mountain, plane and suburban area. Just 13 kinds of living environmental facilities are finally selected as the result of the selecting work, which can be an new alternative for RLERP. Concludingly, the selected facility items should be integrated into a designated project site by the prepared plan in order to enhance the efficiency of RLERP, investment and also to satisfy the four analytic aspects mentioned above.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2009

Since then where the public housing comes in into Korea many there was development and change. The Mapo apartment in Seoul which is built at 1962 is the first apartment and case of Jeollabuk-do before being built at 1978, the Dongyang apartment Jeongju is the beginning. Before the residential supply ratio which gives already passes over 100% and of 80% or more of the house which is supplied is composed with the public housing. Therefore the expansion which is quantitative increased enough and also the degree of satisfaction improved about the people who lives in the house. From the research which sees consequently currently in the object satisfaction under investigating boil the specialists who from the small and medium-sized town and city have a many experience from construction field about the house. The result in future there is the goal provides the fundamental data which the quality of the house presents the direction which will advance about the public housing with base and improves.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate and analyze the actual conditions of the ecological ponds built in the campus sites of the elementary, middle and high schools which currently manage ecological ponds in order to find problems and directions for improvement concerning the management of the ponds as a way to build nature-friendly ecological ponds which can be used as an ecological work-study site on school campus: this study also intends to provide systematic and technological directions for the management and operation of the ecological pond. This study has selected 10 schools in North Chungcheong Province, where ponds are constructed, and investigated actual conditions of the ponds based on the survey, analysis, and evaluation standards compatible with the school environments, and finally judged the general relevancy of the ponds. The results of this study make us conclude that the most important issue to be considered in the processes of selection and investigation for school ecological pond is the location of the pond.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

This study is aimed to clarify the transitional characteristics of old roads and alleys lasting more than 100 years(1915-2015) in traditional urban area(Seongan-dong) of cheongju, historic inland and castle city of Korea. Cheongju castle had been completely destroyed In 1915, and urban structures been also altered last 100 years from 2015 now. Periodically, after destruction of castle, existing roads were extended and transformed to straight line for connecting with around. Expanding urban area to all directions of castle boundary in 1930-40s, town planning were created. These projects were completed in 1960-70s, the street network was built as they are. Since the 1980s, changes had been occurred in the details such as an extension of the unexecuted roads, the opening of fire lane in a block, and etc. In change and construction of roads, urban district plan in 1939 and reorganization since 1967 were planned and established with the type, location, and width of the large, medium and small roads based on data before destruction of castle. Except the width of 25m Sajikro(large3-1) and Sangdangro(large3-8,9,10), the width of 15m Namsaro(medium2-1) and Namjuro (medium2-4) as an extension of the roads, the other roads were small roads equivalent to the existing roads, and so remain intact figure of streetscape. As such, roads of east-west and north-south cross type, roads showing the outline of Cheongju castle fortress, and alleys outside the south gate are sustained in Seongan-dong of cheongju as historic urban area, and also present roads are delicately executed to the existing urban fabric.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate Korean youths' use of fastfood and family restaurants in different regions, especially among cities and rural towns. Total 1,600 questionnaire surveys were distributed to Junior high and Senior high school students and 1,487 were used for the analysis. In order to consider regional differences as well as overall characteristics of youths' fastfood and family restaurant visiting behaviors, the subjects were evenly sampled from north Seoul, south Seoul, big cities, middle/small cities and small towns. As for the frequency of visiting fastfood restaurants, 58.3% of the respondents answered 'once to five times' a week. South Seoul area showed the highest frequency. 'Easiness' was the main reason of eating fastfood, which was up to 57.8% of the overall respondents while 42.8% of the small town youth ate fastfood because of the 'good taste.' As for the concepts on fastfood, 42.7% understood it as 'easy to eat' while 33.6% responded as 'easy to get fat.' For the question of getting channel of fastfood information, 44.8% answered 'TV' and 28.3% responded 'from friends.' Coupons were found to affect fastfood restaurant visits, highest in south Seoul, and lowest in small cities. For the question of the relationship of Koreanized menus and fastfood restaurant visits, small towns showed the highest frequency, while South/North Seoul had the lowest frequency. For the percentage of visiting family restaurants, respondents answered in the order of South Seoul(59.7%), North Seoul(44.5%), Big cities(39.5%), small cities(19.4%), and small towns(13.1%). Most of youth visited family restaurants because of the taste, while youths of middle/small cities visited due to the atmosphere. The effect of coupons on visiting family restaurants were found to be lower than the one of fastfood restaurants. Korean youths were found to visit fastfood restaurants very frequently in all regions and the tendency of visiting family restaurants is also increasing. At this point, balanced menus and education for healthy eating habits are urgently needed for the youth.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Townscape design is now considered to be the most important part in city management as a means to improve the life quality of its dwellers. Therefore, the recognition of local autonomous entities and local residents on townscape has been greatly changed. As a part of this effort, the plan to improve the townscape of the central rotary district in Geochang-eup has been examined in multilateral ways. In this plan, first, improvement for proper buildings was studied. Second, betterment for street furniture around the central rotary was considered. Third, making a landscape square around it was also investigated. Based on those considerations, this article intends to suggest directions for improving the commercial buildings of the central rotary district which has the greatest symbolicity in Geochang-eup. To achieve the goal, this paper conducted a survey to the dwellers beforehand in order to investigate their recognition on creating townscape for the central rotary district and collected their opinions on it. According to the result, among the elements of townscape in the shopping district around the rotary, the externals of the buildings such as signboards, color, and shape and the pleasantness part like the maintenance of telegraph poles occupied the highest portion on the street. And It is proposed 4 Alternative plans for the improvement of commercial building design in the central rotary district of geochang-eup.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an instrument to measure coping in emergency situations. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation 60 primary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The.60 preliminary items were reviewed for content validity by seven experts and were tested to evaluate inter-item correlation coefficient by three groups of elementary school students. From November 1 to December 10, 2008, data were collected from 920 elementary school students according to residential characters (major city, small town, rural area). Item analysis, factor analysis with rotation Varimax and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. Results: 1) There were 45 items in the final instrument categorized into 8 factors. 2) The factors were labeled as "Call for help and check" (8 items), "Care for common symptoms" (6 items), "Appropriate response for the situation" (5 items), "Evacuation" (6 items), "Care for tissue damage" (8 items), "Care for injury by heat, cold or foreign body" (6 items), "Offer help" (4 items) and "Rescue & escape" (2 items). 3) Cumulative percent of variance was 53.10% and eigen values ranged from 1.04 to 13.38. 4) Cronbach's alpha for the total was .943 and ranged from .527 to .869. Conclusion: Validity and reliability of the scale are confirmed in this study showing its utility for measuring coping in emergency situations with elementary school students. Utilization of the scale will also contribute to designing appropriate coping education programs for elementary school students.