• 제목/요약/키워드: Rural Type

검색결과 1,697건 처리시간 0.027초

Associations Between Indoor Air Pollutants and Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infection Symptoms in Children Under 5: An Analysis of Data From the Indonesia Demographic Health Survey

  • Ichtiarini Nurullita Santri;Yuniar Wardani;Yohane Vincent Abero Phiri;Gunchmaa Nyam;Tyas Aisyah Putri;Khoiriyah Isni;Dyah Suryani;Grace Sambo
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제56권3호
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    • pp.255-263
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The study investigated the association between indoor air pollution (IAP) and risk factors for acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms in children under 5 years of age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data derived from Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey in 2017. Binary logistic regression modeling was employed to examine each predictor variable associated with ARI among children under 5 years of age in Indonesia. Results: The study included a total of 4936 households with children. Among children under 5 years old, 7.2% reported ARI symptoms. The presence of ARI symptoms was significantly associated with the type of residence, wealth index, and father's smoking frequency, which were considered the sample's socio-demographic characteristics. In the final model, living in rural areas, having a high wealth index, the father's smoking frequency, and a low education level were all linked to ARI symptoms. Conclusions: The results revealed that households in rural areas had a substantially higher level of reported ARI symptoms among children under 5 years old. Furthermore, the father's smoking frequency and low education level were associated with ARI symptoms.

일제강점기 삼례지역 공간변화와 조성 주체에 관한 연구 - 삼례리, 후정리를 중심으로 - (A Study on Spatial Changes and the Main Agent of Space Creation in Samrye Area during the Japanese Occupation Period - Focusing on Samnye-ri and Hujeong-ri -)

  • 김동열
    • 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2022
  • This study aims to identify the Spatial Changes and the main agent of space creation in Samrye Area during the Japanese Occupation Period. As for the urban space in the Samrye area, the urban space was expanded to the Hujeong-ri area from the construction of the Jeonbuk light railway. Before 1914, the urban space of Samrye was formed around Samrye Station in Samrye-ri, which oversees Samrye-do from the Goryeo Dynasty to the Joseon Dynasty, but when Samrye Station of Jeonbuk light railway was established in Hujeong-ri in 1914, the foundation of a ladder-type street network visible from the central space of the current Samrye area was formed until the 1930s. And it was the Japanese and Korean landowners who took the lead in the construction of the Jeonbuk light railway, not the government, who expanded the urban space of Samnye from Samrye-ri to Hujeong-ri. The background of the establishment of Jeonbuk light railway is the reason why Dongsan Farm has difficulty in transporting rice to the Honam Line during the rice harvest. At that time, Park Ki-soon, famous as the land king, took charge of the established chairman of the railroad installation and established it, and with the establishment of Samrye Station, the access road was connected to his farm. In addition, a new road was built on the farm land that owned the Hujeong-ri area to the Seoul-Mokpo Interroad in Samrye-ri, thereby expanding the urban space. In other words, unlike Gunsan and Iksan, which were built under the leadership of the Japanese colonial eran government, the urban space in Samrye area was expanded by a farmer who grew up as a large landowner based on agriculture, which was the economic base at the time.

화성 정시영고택의 입지 및 공간배치의 풍수고찰 (A Pungsu Study on Location and Space Lay out of Traditional House of Jeong, Si-Yoeng in Hwaseong)

  • 한종구
    • 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2022
  • It can be seen that Traditional house of Jeong Si-yeong is located in a place where Saenggi(good energy), which is important in Pungsu(Feng Shui), can be gathered and that energy can be properly maintained. According to the theory of feng shui, a place that is not easily exposed by the surrounding mountains and is well protected by the strong wind was selected, and the main room was placed on the south side so that the sunlight was adequate while facing the north, so that you can live a comfortable life for a long time. Located on such a relatively well-hidden site, it is a location that can cope well with the invasion of Japanese invaders through the sea in the past, and even today, it is seen as a reasonable base that can be properly protected from strong sea winds in reality. On the other hand, if we look at the Hyungguk theory, it was a house built in the late Joseon Dynasty, and we could see the hidden hopes of the nobles at the time. The mountain behind the house is a haebok-type with a crab lying on the seashore, and what the crab symbolizes is the past national exam for official. Considering that the name of the place where the house is located is also Oyat(cucumber tree)-ri, where many cucumber trees closely related to the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty were planted, it seems that the family wished for prosperity by producing many Sadaebu(upper class gentry) in the past and forming a good relationship with the royal family.

Studies on Cytological Characteristics of Elymus humidus as Genetic Resources Compared to Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

  • Ji-Yoon Han;Seong-Wook Kang;Sejin Oh;Yumi Lee;Myoung-Jae Shin;Sukyeung Lee;Seong-Woo Cho
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제68권3호
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    • pp.216-223
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to identify and compare the characteristics of Elymus humidus on common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinse Spring, CS). The seed length, width, height, and weight of E. humidus were smaller than those of the CS. In particular, the germination rate of E. humidus was substantially lower than that of CS. In the anatomical dissection of the leaf, E. humidus showed a considerably different xylem diameter of the main vascular bundle in the main vein; however, there was no difference in the phloem of the main vascular bundle compared with the xylem and phloem of the main vascular bundle in the main vein of CS, although E. humidus showed a leaf structure similar to that of CS. In addition, E. humidus had a thinner epidermis than that of CS. Regarding stomatal traits, E. humidus showed a graminoid stomata type similar to that of CS. On the adaxial and abaxial sides, the density, length, and width of the stomata in E. humidus were smaller than those in CS, whereas the distance between stomata in E. humidus was greater than that in CS. The chromosomes of E. humidus were classified as long and short based on their respective lengths. Long chromosomes were classified based on the ratio of the long arm to the short arm e.g., 1:1 or 2:1. Short chromosomes showed the same trend and some short chromosomes were microsatellites. To evaluate genetic diversity, 38 barley EST markers with polymorphisms between E. humidus and CS were selected from 236 barley EST markers.

정읍 김명관고택 입지의 풍수고찰 (A Pungsu(Fengshui) Study on the Location of Traditional Residence of Gim Myeong-Gwan in Jeongeup)

  • 한종구
    • 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2023
  • This study is about the traditional house of Kim Myeong-Gwan, the founder of Gwangsan Kim clan(光山金氏) and the 30th grandson of Heunggwang, the 49th king of the Unified Silla Dynasty. He sought a place to take refuge due to a plot and built a house in Jeongeup, adjacent to Yeonsan or Nonsan, Chungcheong-do, which is the home of the Gwangsan Kim clan. The location of old houses was analyzed through Hyeongselon(形勢論) and hyeongguklong(形局論) of Pungsu theory. The results of fengshui analysis of the house through fengshui literature that was presumed to have been used at the time are as follows.The dragon(龍) shows an auspicious condition in which the dragon vein is well connected from its roots in the Honam vein to Guksabong Mountain on Josan Mountain, Bibongsan Mountain on Sojo Mountain, and Mt. Changhasan reaching Jusan Mountain. Hyeol(穴) is a type of Wahyeol(窩穴) and is a Hwalwa(濶窩). Hyeolseong(穴星) is a Jeongche-Hyeolseong(正體穴星) and is a Suseong Hyeol(水星穴). HyeolJung(穴證) and Hyeolgi(穴忌) have the conditions to create hyeol. As for Sa(砂), the height of Hyeonmu(玄武) is not that high, but the Jujak(朱雀) is relatively high, the left blue dragon(左靑龍) is complemented by the outer blue dragon(外靑龍), and the right white tiger(右白虎) does not sufficiently surround the house. To compensate for this, Bibosu trees(裨補樹) were planted at the time of the construction of the house. As for the Water element, it appears to be auspicious as it approaches the old house in the form of a curve, but it has the disadvantage of not sufficiently surrounding the house, so an artificial pond is dug as a Bibo Pungsu(裨補風水). Through this study, it was found that Pungsu was applied as an important consideration factore in selecting the location of the house, and that Pungsu was not just a theory but had a practical effect in preserving the life and property of the family under the risky circumstances of the time.

농가의 정보화 기기 활용이 농산물 판매에 미치는 효과 분석 (Analysis of the Effect of Farmers' Use of Information Devices on the Sales of Agricultural Products)

  • 황성혁;김종인
    • 산업융합연구
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    • 제21권9호
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    • pp.133-142
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    • 2023
  • 농촌인구 감소, 고령화 심화, 기후변화 등으로 지속적으로 악화되고 있는 한국농업의 생산여건 변화에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해 디지털 정보기술 활용이 중요해졌다. 이에 본 연구는 성향점수매칭법을 이용하여 농가의 정보화 기기 활용 선택에 미치는 요인과 정보화 기기 활용이 농산물 판매에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 연령이 낮은 농가, 교육수준이 높은 농가, 선도농가들이 정보화 기기 활용 채택 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연령, 경영규모, 영농형태 등 유사한 특성을 가진 농가라면 농업경영에 정보화 기기를 활용하는 농가가 더 높은 농산물 판매 수입을 올리는 것이 확인되었다. 따라서 농가의 정보화 기기의 활용능력을 높이는 것은 농가소득을 향상시킬 수 있다는 시사점을 제공한다. 정보화 기기 보급 및 농업정보를 활용할 수 있는 능력을 농가들이 가질 수 있도록 정부의 농업·농촌 분야 정보화 지원 사업이 중요하다 할 수 있으며, 정보 기술에 근거한 과학적 영농 및 마케팅 활동이 이루어질 수 있는 정보 인프라 구축에도 적극적인 투자가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

수집작약(蒐集芍藥)의 생육특성(生育特性)과 뿌리 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係) (Correlation between Growth Characteristics and Root Yield in Collected Peony Lines)

  • 김재철;김종혜;김기재;류정기;박소득;유오종
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.188-192
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    • 1998
  • 작약(芍藥)의 육종재료(育種材料)로 이용되는 유전질원(遺傳資源)의 수집(蒐集)과 활용시(活用時) 외관(外觀)의 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)과 지하부(地下部) 약근수량(藥根收量)과의 상호(相互) 상관(相關)을 조사한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 약재용(藥材用)으로 수집(蒐集)된 74계통중(系統中) 홑꽃이 61%였으며 겹꽃은 39%로 홑꽃이 주를 이루었다. 2. 경장(經長)은 주로 $50{\sim}60cm$였으며 줄기직경은 $7{\sim}8mm$, 줄기수는 $5{\sim}10$개 범위에 분포가 가장 많았다. 3. 수집계통중(蒐集系統中) 내병성(耐病性)이 매우 강(强)한 계통은 3계통(系統)이었고, 주당(株當) 뿌리 수량이 90 이상(以上)인 화형은 홑꽃이 많았다. 4. 뿌리수량(收量)과의 상관(相關)은 홑꽃은 경장, 경수, 근장, 근직경, 근수, 겹꽃은 경장, 경수, 근직경, 근수와 각각 고도(高度)의 정상관(正相關)을 보였다. 5. 뿌리수량(收量)과 pareniflorin 성분함량(成分含量)과는 홑꽃에서 고도(高度)의 정상관(正相關)이었으나 겹꽃에서는 부(負)의 상관이 인정(認定)되었다.

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콩 종실비대성기에 톱다리개미허리노린재 가해에 의한 피해 해석 (Injury of Full Seed Stage Soybeans by The Bean Bug, Riptortus pedestris)

  • 정진교;서보윤;윤종탁;박종호;조점래
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.357-362
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    • 2010
  • 콩 종실비대성기에서 톱다리개미허리노린재(노린재목: 호리허리노린재과)에 의한 콩 피해 정도를 파악하고자 망사로 씌운 콩 포트에 실험곤충을 접종하여 수확기에 피해를 조사하였다. 콩 종실비대성기에 실험곤충 2령부터 성충까지 접종하였을 때, 수확된 종자 수와 기형종자(C형)의 비율은 대조구이에 비해 차이가 없었으나, 2령을 제외한 다른 모든 발육태들은 흡즙 흔적이 있는 종자(B형)를 많이 생성하였다. B형 종자 생성 수는 2령과 5령 약층에서 적었으나, B형종자의 무게감소율은 5령 약층에 의한 피해에서 가장 컸다. 성충 수를 증가시켜 접종하였을 때, 수확된 종자수는 대조구에 비해 차이가 없었으나, B형 종자의 생성비는 4, 8, 16마리 접종구에서 유의하게 컸으며, C형종자 비율은 16마리 접종구에서만 대조구에 비해 컸다. 곤충 접종기간을 달리하였을 때는 전체 꼬투리 수는 대조구와 차이가 없었으나 수확된 종자 수는 실험곤충을 수확기까지 방치한(48일) 처리구에서 현저하게 적었다. 이중 B형종자 비율은 8일과 16일간 접종된 것들이 대조구에 비해 유의하게 높았고, C형종자 비율은 수확기까지는 장기간 실험곤충을 방치한 처리에서 그 값이 대조구에 비해 높았다. 결과적으로 종실비대성기의 피해는 흡즙흔이 있는 종자들 주로 생성하면서, 곤충 밀도와 가해 기간이 어느 한계 이상으로 증가할 때 기형종자가 생성되고 때로는 종자들이 탈락하는 것으로 추정되었다. 피해입률은 곤충 수와 접종기간 각각에 대해 정의 상관관계로 증가하는 것을 보였다.

Famine exposure in early life and type 2 diabetes in adulthood: findings from prospective studies in China

  • Feng Ning ;Jing Zhao ;Lei Zhang ;Weijing Wang ;Xiaohui Sun ;Xin Song ;Yanlei Zhang ;Hualei Xin ;Weiguo Gao;Ruqin Gao ;Dongfeng Zhang ;Zengchang Pang
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.780-788
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    • 2023
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between famine exposure in early life and the risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood during the 1959-1961 Chinese Famine. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 3,418 individuals aged 35-74 years free of diabetes from two studies in 2006 and 2009 were followed up prospectively in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Famine exposure was classified as unexposed (individuals born in 1962-1978), fetal exposed (individuals born in 1959-1961), child exposed (individuals born in 1949-1958), and adolescent/adult exposed (born in 1931-1948). A logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between famine exposure and diabetes after adjustment for potential covariates. RESULTS: During a three-year follow-up, the age-adjusted incidence rates of type 2 diabetes were 5.7%, 14.5%, 12.7%, and 17.8% in unexposed, fetal-exposed, child-exposed, and adolescent/adult-exposed groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Relative to the unexposed group, the relative risks (95% confidence interval) for diabetes were 2.15 (1.29-3.60), 1.53 (0.93-2.51), and 1.65 (0.75-3.63) in the fetal-exposed, child-exposed, and adolescent/adult-exposed groups, after controlling for potential covariates. The interactions between famine exposure and obesity, education level, and family history of diabetes were not observed, except for the urbanization type. Individuals living in rural areas with fetal and childhood famine exposure were at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, with relative risks of 8.79 (1.82-42.54) and 2.33 (1.17-4.65), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that famine exposure in early life is an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes, particularly in women. Early identification and intervention may help prevent diabetes in later life.

성인의 가족공유시간 유형과 유형별 특성 (A Typology of Family Shared Time of Korean Adults)

  • 김외숙;한영선;이기영;이연숙;조희금;이승미;윤용옥
    • 가족자원경영과 정책
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.165-186
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    • 2012
  • Studies on time-use have generally concentrated on the amount of time used by each member of a household in Korea. The quality of family relationships could be associated with the amount and types of interactions between family members. This study examined the time that adults spend with their family members on various activities. The purpose of this study is to explore a typology of family time and investigate the characteristics of each type. The data source was the 2009 Time-Use Survey conducted by the Korean National Statistics Office. The people involved in each activity were surveyed for the first time in the 2009 survey in Korea. The data from this study included 10,902 diaries that were filled on weekdays by married adults from ages 20 to 59 years. Data from rural households were excluded. Time use was divided into three categories: family meals, household work and family leisure time. These activities were analyzed using t-test, chi-square analysis and cluster analysis. Family time was classified into four types based on three categories. The four types were named "leisure sharing", "household work sharing", "overall sharing" and "non-sharing". The most common type was non-sharing. The characteristics of each type depended on gender and paid work time. Based on these results, family and labor policies should be developed to increase the work-life balance. Policies that focus on men over 40 years are especially recommended.

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