• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.139-161
• /
• 2020

The aims of this study were to classify the cultivation status of medicinal crop farmers and to obtain basic data on domestic medicinal crops. To this end, 406 medicinal crop farmers participating in farming education programs in 14 cities and counties were surveyed over 10 months. The results were as follows. First, the biggest difficulty farmers faced in the overall production of medicinal crops was a lack of cultivation skills. Second, in a detailed inquiry about each difficulty item, the most difficult problems were injury by continuous cropping of root-using crops, shortage of specific farm machinery, uncertain market prices, and lack of knowledge about pest control or the positive list system (PLS). Third, the profitability of medicinal crops increased with career experience. Among the farmers who earned profits, requests for education and technical guidance were the most important factors for profitability. Fourth, the results of the analysis suggest that to achieve stable cultivation of medicinal crops, the following items need to be addressed: development and supply of basic cultivation technologies, climate response, registration of pest control pesticides, a solution to the injury by continuous cropping, and contracting cultivation expansion. Additionally, to improve profitability, it is necessary to create conditions that enable the same crops to grow for a long time in one region.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.436-444
• /
• 2005

We describe the morphology and molecular organization of heterochromatin domains in the interphase nuclei, and mitotic and meiotic chromosomes, of Brassica rapa, using DAPI staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of rDNA and pericentromere tandem repeats. We have developed a simple method to distinguish the centromeric regions of mitotic metaphase chromosomes by prolonged irradiation with UV light at the DAPI excitation wavelength. Application of this bleached DAPI band (BDB) karyotyping method to the 45S and 5S rDNAs and 176 bp centromere satellite repeats distinguished the 10 B. rapa chromosomes. We further characterized the centromeric repeat sequences in BAC end sequences. These fell into two classes, CentBr1 and CentBr2, occupying the centromeres of eight and two chromosomes, respectively. The centromere satellites encompassed about 30% of the total chromosomes, particularly in the core centromere blocks of all the chromosomes. Interestingly, centromere length was inversely correlated with chromosome length. The morphology and molecular organization of heterochromatin domains in interphase nuclei, and in mitotic and meiotic chromosomes, were further characterized by DAPI staining and FISH of rDNA and CentBr. The DAPI fluorescence of interphase nuclei revealed ten to twenty conspicuous chromocenters, each composed of the heterochromatin of up to four chromosomes and/or nucleolar organizing regions.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.226-235
• /
• 2019

In this study, the product characteristics and physicochemical properties were investigated through collection of commercial porridge. The addition rate of grain raw materials was about 6.5~11.75%, glutinous rice was added at a rate of about 23~60% to improve the viscosity and various other food additives were used. The moisture content characteristics varied among the products. The rotational viscosity of CP (Commercial Porridge)4 was the highest at 39,054 cP, while the flow viscosity of CP3 was least at 4.80 cm/30 seconds. The starch content differed among the products in the range of total starch 6.96~8.08%, amylose 1.41~2.61%, total sugar 6.55~12.81% and reducing sugar 0.50~0.99%. Particularly, total sugar showed a very high correlation (-0.920) while rotational viscosity and color value (b) showed significant correlation with most of the properties i.e. moisture, solids content etc. There was a rapid increase in the reactivity of starch degrading enzyme at the early stage of the reaction which gradually decreased with time. The physicochemical characteristics of commercial porridge presented in this study could be expected to increase the industrial use value of the related research because it considers the quality of the currently commercialized porridge for the future selection of suitable porridge raw materials.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제30권8호
• /
• pp.1093-1098
• /
• 2017

Objective: The aim of the current study was to describe the relationship between milk yield and lactation number, stage, length and milking frequency in Korean Holstein dairy cows using an automatic milking system (AMS). Methods: The original data set consisted of observations from April to October 2016 of 780 Holstein cows, with a total of 10,751 milkings. Each time a cow was milked by an AMS during the 24 h, the AMS management system recorded identification numbers of the AMS unit, the cow being milking, date and time of the milking, and milk yield (kg) as measured by the milk meters installed on each AMS unit, date and time of the lactation, lactation stage, milking frequency (NoM). Lactation stage is defined as the number of days milking per cows per lactation. Milk yield was calculated per udder quarter in the AMS and was added to 1 record per cow and trait for each milking. Milking frequency was measured the number of milkings per cow per 24 hour. Results: From the study results, a significant relationship was found between the milk yield and lactation number (p<0.001), with the maximum milk yield occurring in the third lactation cows. We recorded the highest milk yield, in a greater lactation length period of early stage (55 to 90 days) at a $4{\times}$ milking frequency/d, and the lowest milk yield was observed in the later stage (>201 days) of cows. Also, milking frequency had a significant influence on milk yield (p<0.001) in Korean Holstein cows using AMS. Conclusion: Detailed knowledge of these factors such as lactation number, stage, length, and milking frequency associated with increasing milk yield using AMS will help guide future recommendations to producers for maximizing milk yield in Korean Dairy industries.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.933-941
• /
• 2015

This study investigated differences in nutritional knowledge and eating habits of adolescents living in rural and urban areas of Inner Mongolia, China. A survey was conducted on 869 middle school students in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia: 436 from urban and 433 from rural school. Subjects answered a questionnaire about socio-economic characteristics such as parents' education level and family affluence scale, nutritional knowledge, needs for nutritional education and food habits. Levels of parents' education (p<0.001) and family affluence (p<0.001) were significantly higher in urban students. Nutritional knowledge level of urban students was higher than that of their counterparts (p<0.001). However, rural students reported higher needs for nutritional education (p<0.001). Rural students more frequently consumed snacks (p<0.001) and instant noodles (p<0.001) than urban students. However, consumption frequencies of lunch (p<0.001), dinner (p<0.001), fast food (p<0.001), fruits (p<0.001), vegetables (p<0.001), and milk (p<0.001) were higher in urban students. Considering differences in eating patterns between urban and rural students in Inner Mongolia, appropriate nutritional education programs and nutritional policies should be established for rural students to promote a healthy diet.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.3-20
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was diagnosed to grasp the needs for the elderly-elderly care activity in rural areas. The research was conducted in questions and case studies in 7 farming villages. The major findings of this study as follows: First, the senior citizens in rural areas were not in good health, and the illnesses were revealed to be arthritis, high blood pressure, and diabetes. At the occurrence of an illness, they complained about the discomfort in doing daily life routines and expected eir spouses or offsprings to te care of them. Elders in the rural community responded that they had difficulty and financial problems in family maintenance. Leisure activities included watching TV, playing card/board games, or spending time without any specific activities. Second, recipients of elderly-elderly care expected to receive services from a woman in her 50s $1{\sim}2$ hours, once to twice a week. Third, the service providers wanted to be elderly-elderly care takers, hoping to work once a week for $2{\sim}3$ hours. They wanted the education for the elderly-elderly care to be once a week for 3 hours, with understanding the elderly, consultation, preventing senile dementia, and health as the contents.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.256-256
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice cultivars (Hangaru, Seolgaeng, Dasan-1 and Anda) on quality characteristics of rice beer. As for moisture content, Hangaru and Seolgaeng that are soft rice were higher than Dasan-1 and Anda as 14.48 and 14.62%, respectively. Dasan-1 and Anda showed higher protein content as compared to other varieties. As for amylose content, Hangaru turned out to be lower than other varieties as 17.71%, whereas reducing sugar content of Hangaru and Seolgaeng was higher than Dasan-1 and Anda. Results of hardness showed that Hangaru and Seolgaeng were measured lower than Dasan-1 and Anda. As a result of measuring alcohol content, pH and color of beer brewed by rice cultivars, no significant difference by cultivars was found, but measurement result of bitterness showed that beer brewed with Hangaru and Seolgaeng showed lower bitterness comparing to the beer brewed with Dasan-1 and Anda. The results of this study suggest that Hangaru and Seolgaeng are considered cultivars suitable for brewing quality of rice beer.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.667-677
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 농촌노인과 도시노인의 우울 수준을 확인하고, 농촌노인과 도시노인이 인식한 사회적 연결감이 우울에 미치는 영향력을 확인하는 한편 이와 더불어 사회적 연결감이 우울에 미치는 영향력이 거주지역에 따라 차이가 있는지를 확인하는데 있다. 이를 위해 "한국인의 사회적 삶, 건강과 노화에 대한 조사(KSHAP: Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project)"에 포함된 농촌노인 948명과 도시노인 982명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 농촌노인의 우울은 5.82, 도시노인은 10.07로 도시노인의 우울 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 사회적 연결감은 노인의 우울에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 사회적 연결감의 하위요소에 따라 도시노인과 농촌노인의 우울에 미치는 영향력에는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 도시노인에게는 고독감만이, 농촌노인에게는 평가적 지지와 고독감이 영향을 미쳤으며, 소속감 지지는 두 집단 모두에서 유의하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 노인의 사회적 연결감 증진을 통한 노인 우울감소를 위해 정책적·실천적 제언을 하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.792-798
• /
• 2014

The distribution channel of meat by-products from the pig farm to the final consumer can include a meat processor, wholesale market, wholesaler, retailer, and butcher shop. Bacterial contamination at any of these steps remains to be a serious public health concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution channel and microbial characteristics of pig by-products in Korea. Upon evaluation of pig by-products in cold storage, we found that the small and large intestine were significantly (p<0.05) higher in pH value compared to the heart and liver. The total plate counts were not significantly different among offals until cold storage for 7 d. The coliform count after 1 d of cold storage was significantly (p<0.05) higher in small and large intestine than in the other organs. The coliform count of heart, liver, and stomach showed a higher coliform count than small and large intestine until 7 d of cold storage. As determined by 16S rRNA sequencing, contamination of major pig by-products with Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., and other bacterial species occurred. Therefore, our results suggest that a more careful washing process is needed to maintain quality and hygiene and to ensure the safety of pig by-products, especially for small and large intestine.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.387-392
• /
• 2011

To investigate the molecular scavenging capabilities of the larvae of Hermetia illucens, two serine proteases (SPs) were cloned and characterized. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic tree analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of Hi-SP1 and Hi-SP2 were suggested that Hi-SP1 may be a chymotrypsin- and Hi-SP2 may be a trypsin-like protease. Hi-SP1 and Hi-SP2 3-D homology models revealed that a catalytic triad, three disulfide bonds, and a substrate-binding pocket were highly conserved, as would be expected of a SP. E. coli expressed Hi-SP1 and Hi-SP2 showed chymotrypsin or trypsin activities, respectively. Hi-SP2 mRNAs were consistently expressed during larval development. In contrast, the expression of Hi-SP1 mRNA fluctuated between feeding and molting stages and disappeared at the pupal stages. These expression pattern differences suggest that Hi-SP1 may be a larval specific chymotrypsin-like protease involved with food digestion, while Hi-SP2 may be a trypsin-like protease with diverse functions at different stages.