• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.180-190
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factor of the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia in rural community. Methods: A total of 123 elderly who were managed by public health center participated. They were diagnosed as mild dementia by MMSE-DS and CDR. Data were collected during the period from May to September in 2017 by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, depression, dependence, comorbidity, sleep scale. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The quality of life was correlated significantly with depression. Depression was the factor affecting the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia in rural community. Depression accounted for 54.0% as a variable of quality of life. Conclusion: This study was meaningful in that it directly measured the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia is known to be difficult to measure and found meaningful results. it is necessary to identify the cause of depression and establish a linkage system between public health centers and health related organizations in the community. We suggest the need for individualized preventive intervention program and integrated psychological health service considering depression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.613-625
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effects of a fall prevention program on falls, physical function, psychological function, and home environmental safety in frail elders living at home in rural communities. Methods: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pre posttest design. The study was conducted from July to November, 2012 with 30 participants in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. Participants were registered at the public health center of E County. The prevention program on falls consisted of laughter therapy, exercise, foot care and education. The program was provided once a week for 8 weeks and each session lasted 80 minutes. Results: The risk score for falls and depression in the experimental group decreased significantly compared with scores for the control group. Compliance with prevention behavior related to falls, knowledge score on falls, safety scores of home environment, physical balance, muscle strength of lower extremities, and self-efficacy for fall prevention significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the prevention program on falls is effective for the prevention of falls in frail elders living at home.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2011

Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to develop a case management with exercise program for community dwelling elders who live alone, and examine the effects of the program. Method: The design of this research was a one group pre-post test study. The participations were 85 elders diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus and who lived alone as residents of D city. The case management with exercise program included exercise and counseling as the intervention and was provided for 12 weeks. Data were collected before and after the intervention which lasted from September 3 to November 26, 2009. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and paired t-test. Results: There were significant differences in blood pressure (t=-5.24, p<.001, t=-1.94, p= .040), fasting blood sugar (t=-4.41, p<.001), ADL (t=-5.43, p=.022) and cognitive function (t=7.41, p=.008) between pre- and post intervention. Conclusion: These results indicate that the case management program is an important intervention for health promotion for community-dwelling elders, and exercise improves functional status of older persons with diseases. Therefore, now is the time to develop new supportive community-based programs for elders who live alone. However, it is also necessary to do further longitudinal studies to confirm the results of this study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.341-346
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was designed to provide basic data that would be helpful in planning mental health programs designed to help elderly people have a satisfying life as an elder by identifying the factors that affect cognition of urban and rural elderly people. Methods: Subjects included 160 elderly people on Daejeon and Geumsam. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection from march 2, 2011 to July 30, and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis of SPSS 18.0 program were performed for data analysis. Results: A significant difference in cognition was observed between two groups(t=-2.232, p=.029). Cognition & depression didn't have correlation(urban area(r=.021, p=.860), rural area(r=.-131, p=.271)). Significant factors influencing cognition included education(t=4.069, p<.001) and age(t=-2.812, p=.001) in urban area and sex(t=-3.011, p<.001), age(t=-4.866, p<.001), education(t=3.525, p<.001) in rural area. These factors explained 26.1% and 57.2% of the variance. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest the need for development of appropriate nursing strategies depending on the difference of the environment to increase cognitive function and to decrease the incidence of depression in elderly people.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.19-41
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• 2016

This study aimed to diagnose the housing conditions of the low income single or couple elderly households. Specifically, this study divided the elderly households into total 8 housing situations according to the three factors of residential area, household composition and income level, and compare the housing satisfaction level by household situation. This study was conducted in the form of the 1:1 interview with structured questionnaire and the field study, targeting the low income single or couple elderly households over 65 years old in urban and rural areas. The 80 collected data was analyzed using the SPSS statistics program. First, the households living in the urban areas and those in the rural areas had different housing conditions. Secondly, there was a clear difference in housing conditions between the single elderly households and couple elderly households. Third, the housing conditions were different depending on the gap in income level. This research is expected to be used as a basic resource to understand their various and differentiated demands and plan the housing environment to properly meet the demand.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.3-19
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was done to identify effects of preparation for death and depression on geriatric quality of life in rural communities and to identify whether preparation for death has a moderating effect on the relationship between depression and geriatric quality of life. Methods: Data from 210 rural elders over 65 years of age were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the elders and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Quality of life of elders who had prepared for death was lower than for elders who had not prepared for death. Elders with higher psychological preparation for death had a higher quality of life. Ritual preparation for death had negative effects but they were not statistically significant. Psychological preparation for death had a moderating effect on depression and quality of life for elders in the rural community. The explanation power was 36.1% while ritual preparation for death had no moderating effect on either depression or quality of life. Conclusions: It is necessary to provide rural elders with intervention programs designed to improve positive thinking and attitudes to living considering religion in the process. Intervention programs to improve psychological preparation for death are also required to alleviate depression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of a 'Customized Integrated Health Care Program' for male living alone in a single region and assist health promotion of the participants. Methods: This study was one-group pretest-posttest design. Eleven participants in the 'Happy Cooking Class for Male Living Alone' who made 100% of attendance from February 18 to September 8, 2016 were analyzed. Nonparametric paired T-test was performed to determine the differences in Blood pressure(BP), Blood sugar(BS), Cholesterol, Hemoglobin(Hb), Dementia screening test, Depression screening test of the participants in the Customized Integrated Health Care Program. Results: After applying the 'Customized Integrated Health Care Program', Hb level(z=-2.724, p=.006) and Dementia screening test(z=-1.974, p=.048) increased statistically significantly. Conclusion: As the elderly living alone increase in number, it seems that social support networks and health care programs contribute to health promotion of the participants and positively affect the rest of their life.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to seek for efficient method of health improvement program for the old and to offer basic material for the development of community's public health service. This study investigated into the yangseng life level of the old and the factors which affect their yangseng life, and was to offer basic materials for oriental medicine-based health improvement plan which is appropriate for each community. The 818 surveys were conducted upon the old who are above 65 and who live in Jeollabukdo, and the results from the survey are as follows ; 1. The rural area showed more percentage of old people, the old who live alone and who have job compared to urban area. More people in rural area were found to live at their own expense. Additionally, there were more people who had high education in urban area and who have disease in rural area. 2. The total yangseng level of recipients was 94.20, and the average was 3.25. The average of urbanite was 3.26 and it was 3.23 for who live in rustic area, but there found no significant difference. All the old live in both urban area and rural area showed the highest score in morality yangseng and lowest in sex-life yangseng. 3. There found no difference upon regions, but the recipients show high yangseng level when they are male, have spouse, live with them, have factors including high education background, job, religion and hobby, or have confidence in their health. They also show high yangseng level when they do not have any disease in progress. 4. According to the results of general traits and yangseng level of each category, the old who live in urban area show higher exercise yangseng level than the one in rural area, and there is no significant difference upon the region in other categories. There were some cases which general traits and regional characteristics mutually affected each other. In conclusion, the yangseng level of the old is affected by individual traits and habits rather than the regions in which they live. The old who live in rural area are required to focus on exercise more, since the exercise yangseng level of them were lower than the ones of urban area. Moreover, there were some cases which general traits and regional characteristics mutually affected each other, so it requires further in-depth study about the correlation.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.433-445
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• 2012

Purpose: In order to validate empirically the theoretical model of this study subjects, who were limited in Andong gun, Youngyang gun, Uiseong gun, Bonghwa gun, Chilgok gun, Cheongsong gun according to residence-specified distribution and over aged 65, were focused to the elderly in rural areas with geographical characteristics where they have difficulties in accessibility of dental facilities and dental care. Methods: The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 19.0 program. First, the frequency analysis was performed for each independent variable and the dependent variable. Second, reliability analysis and correlation analysis were conducted for daily living skills and Biomedical Vigilance. Third, multivariate analysis was performed in terms of and the post-administration management. Fourth, multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the post-management of dentures and the period of using dentures. Results: By results of the multiple regression analysis, the elder the subjects are(${\beta}$ = 0.03), the lower their income activities are(${\beta}$ = -0.18), the smaller their monthly allowances are(${\beta}$ = -0.16), the worse their daily activity skills are(${\beta}$ = -0.12), the more they were mounted their dentures by an unlicensed contractor(${\beta}$ = 0.07), and the more they cost to their dentures(${\beta}$ = 0.14), the longer the period of use dentures are. And the beneficiaries of Basic Livelihood Security(${\beta}$ = -0.14) who got free denture business are shorten the period of using dentures. According to multiple regression analysis for post management of dentures, the independent variables like the health education(${\beta}$ = 0.24), smoking(${\beta}$ = -0.18), periodic oral examination(${\beta}$ = 0.13), dentures mounted by an unlicensed contractor(${\beta}$ = -0.13) are shown statistically significant results. In that study subjects are taking part in health education and non-smokers, they are likely to have more chances to post management for their dentures like periodic oral examination. However the subjects who were weared their denture by an unlicensed contractor get less chance to post management for their dentures. Conclusion: As the elderly who want to wear denture are increasing due to the denture insurance for the elderly, the need for oral health education for the elderly is an urgent request, especially continuos education for the way of use their dentures and follow-up management for the elderly who were already mounted their dentures. And also, the need for more systematic researches is requested for securing objective data.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.608-616
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-efficacy, social support, sense of community and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), including the direct and indirect effects of the variables on HRQoL. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 249 middle-aged and elderly residents living in a rural community in A-County, K Province. The structured questionnaire included 4 scales from the Euro Quality of life-5 Dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression), and measures of General Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Sense of Community. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: The mean HRQoL score for the participants was $0.87{\pm}0.13$. Self-efficacy (${\beta}$=.13, p=.039) and age (${\beta}$= -.38, p<.001) were significantly associated with HRQoL, explaining 21% of the variance. In the path analysis, self-efficacy showed a significant direct effect on HRQoL (${\beta}$=.14, p=.040) and significantly mediating relationships between both social support (${\beta}$=.05, p=.030) and sense of community (${\beta}$=.02, p=.025) and HRQoL. Conclusion: Although self-efficacy was found to be the main predictor for HRQoL, the findings imply that social environmental factors such as social support and sense of community need to be considered when developing interventions to increase HRQoL in middle-aged and elderly residents in rural communities.