• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.495-505
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• 2021

In the current Covid-19 pandemic, technology's role is important; with technology, all activities can carry on. This study explains that technology, organizational culture, and job satisfaction at rural banks in Bali can be a motivation for improving performance, especially during a pandemic. A questionnaire is distributed online using Google Form to a total of 350 employees; the data is collected from a sample of employees from rural banks in Denpasar, Bali. Respondents had to meet the following criteria: a minimum work period of one year and a minimum high school education or equivalent. With these criteria, 100 samples were obtained. The dependent variable is employee performance; the independent variables are organizational culture, technology, and job satisfaction; the intervening variable is work motivation. This study uses Structural Equation Modeling with a variance-based or component-based approach with Partial Least Square. The study results show that organizational culture, job satisfaction, and technology provide motivation and have a significant positive effect on employee performance. However, organizational culture does not have a positive or direct impact on employee performance. The study results can be used as a basis for designing business strategies to improve employee performance in a competitive environment to advance the credibility of a bank.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.373-380
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• 2022

Today, customer satisfaction is the most important issue for Vietnamese banks. There are numerous factors that influence bank customers' satisfaction. The study investigates the factors that influence customer satisfaction with deposit services at the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank) in Bac Giang province, Vietnam, and analyses the impact of each component. The authors used 5-point Likert scales to assess whether elements were related to the factors determining consumer satisfaction with Agribank's deposit service. To perform this study, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple regression were used to find factors determining customer satisfaction with Agribank services. Customers that use deposit services at Agribank in Bac Giang province, Vietnam, provided samples of 300 survey questionnaires for this study. SPSS software is used to examine the data. Customers' satisfaction with Agribank's deposit service is influenced by six factors, including reliability, responsiveness, service capabilities, empathy, tangible means, and service price, according to the study. This finding also offers some recommendations for improving service quality in local Vietnamese banks to gain a competitive advantage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.232-240
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• 2005

There are positive evaluation as well as negative evaluation for Rural Industrial Park Project which was implemented since 1984 to boom up the regional economy in Korea. By conducting a survey for Rural Industrial Park enterprises located in Miryang-si, this study intends to examine the management condition of enterprises in Rural Industrial Parks and so derive the policy suggestion. According to the secondary data and the survey results, Rural Industrial Parks play an important role in the regional economy. The result of the survey shows that the enterprises are dissatisfied with excessively high distributing costs and they want improvement of roads and transportation condition. They recruit their employees mainly through advertisement and loan money from banks. One of serious problems is giving up the business due to shortage of fund or failing to find the markets. To prevent quitting business, a preliminary analysis of the feasibility of running business should be conducted. Technology and management guidance and marketing support are necessary not only for new enterprises, but for existing enterprises. Alternatives for connecting local resources and Rural Industrial Park and forming a network between local universities, institutes, and firms should be considered.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze structural and ecological characteristics of streams in rural village. The methods used in this study were measuring the section and surveying the vegetation of the stream at three points(upstream, inner village, downstream ) of 10 rural villages. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) The average width of streams is 9 m, and the height of banks 3.1 m. the downstreams are the widest(average 10 m), and the inner-villages are the narrowest (average 8 m), and the slopes of basin are 7.33 %, 2.67 %, 1.39 % at upstream, inner-village, downstream respectively. 2) The downstreams are more contaminated than upstreams due to the sewage from the residents, especially livestock wastewater. 3) The dominant species in the streams are Persicaria thunbergii H. Gross (average Cover 17.76 %) and cumulus japonicas Sieb et. Zucc (average Cover 7.75 % ). 4) The average area covered by vegetation is 53.31 % the downstreams are covered 65.7 %, but inner-village area covered by vegetation is 46.6 %. 5) The problem found in this study are severe water contamination, poor accessibility to stream and poor vegetation of inner-village area, etc.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.5 s.162
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• pp.342-348
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• 2005

An exploratory survey was performed to assess the present status of distribution and production of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera Linn.) in the rural landscape of Meghna floodplain of Bangladesh. A multistage simple random sampling technique was adopted to identify the study area and respondents. A total of 50 households were selected randomly for the study. Traditional knowledge on cultivation, management, and production of coconut palm was emphasized. Marketing of coconut palm products and income derived from coconut palm cultivation was taken into consideration. Perceptions of farmers, traders and professionals were described in due context of opportunities and constraints of coconut palm cultivation. Coconut palm cultivation was found to play an important role in household economy in rural Bangladesh sharing considerable contribution to the total income. About 10% of their total annual income was reported to come from coconut husbandry. Highest number of the coconut palms, 24%, was found to grow in the homestead compounds and in the pond banks. About one-third lands of the households were found to be covered by the coconut palms. Maximum, 19%, coconut palms were found in the 16-20 years age-class. Production of coconut was found highest at the age-class 11-15 years. The study found some important opportunities and constraints of coconut farming in rural Meghna floodplain area of Bangladesh. The results of this study would be useful for the rural development practitioners in Bangladesh.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.29-37
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to propose section designs for the ecological improvement of streams in rural villages in Korea. According to the survey about ecological conditions of rural streams of 10 selected rural villages (sep., 1996), the streams could be classified into three divisions(upstream, inner village, downstream), and the average width of streams was 9m, and the height of banks 3.1m. The slopes of basin were 7.33%, 2.67%, 1.39% at upstream, inner village, downstream respectively. The survey about the residents' usage of stream and the preferred activities(jun., 1997) showed that the streams were most frequently used for the supply of agricultural water use(39%), for the washing(15%) and for the recreation and rippling(10%), etc.. Three standard designs were presented for upstream, inner village, and downstream, and three standard sections were made by each designs. For the upstream division, it was designed to be used for the recreational activities in summer and the major stream bank materials were base rock and existing boulders with least artificiality. As the streams in the residential area were expected to be frequent access and used by the residents, most facilities for the streamside activity such as waterfront, water holes, shallows, walk were concentrated in this part with some artificiality. The downstream was designed for the agricultural activities such as water supply, space for the preparation of work and some break during the work.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

Because colostrum is considered to be the sole source of passively acquired maternal antibodies for calves, newborn calves must consume colostrum to gain disease resistance during their early years of life. Storage of surplus colostrum from dairy cows right after calving and feeding newborn calves in deficiency of colostrum to assure adequate uptake of IgG for protection of the calf has been a common practice in the bovine production. In the current study, 35 colostrums were randomly collected from 3 colostrum banks located in different regions of Korea and monitored for general bacterial contamination and major bovine pathogens. Immunoglobulin concentrations and BVDV-specific antibodies were also determined to evaluate the immune quality of the colostrums. Moderate to severe bacterial contamination (up to 72,000,000 CFU/ml) was observed in most of the colostrums collected from colostrum banks. General immune quality of the colostrums was under the satisfactory level since most of the colostrums contained less than 50 g/L of IgG, which is the minimum concentration for good quality colostrums. Therefore, colostrum for colostrum bank should be collected at the first 2-3 post-partum milkings according to proper harvesting and handling procedures to guarantee the safety and quality of colostrum. In addition, it was recommended that colostrum should be heat-treated before frozen and stored in the bank because pasteurization at $63^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was very effective reducing the risk of disease transmission without causing significant degradation of immunoglobulins.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2017

This paper presents improvement of consumer's access and convenience to Farmers Market(Local Food Shop). We analyzed case studies and proposed plans of Local Food Shop and related facilities. The results are described below. Thorough pre-education and public relations with extensive support for agricultural products in the area and external support are necessary. Most importantly, the consuming population was close. These factors were the factors of success. Tourists' visit is effective. Consumer distance should be within 10km. Long distance tourists need a way to attract tourists on weekends. It is an advantage that there are many consumers. And it would be nice to have a market in the vicinity. And it is necessary to develop various activities such as experience activities and programs. Also, a place convenient for cooperation with the government office, public health center, etc. is good. Accessibility is enhanced when ICs of frequent highway and highway are close to cars. As a suggestion of placing a direct sales place, we will set up a place for consumers to collaborate and relax and also consider the convenience of providers. For the convenience of consumers' shopping, including sales outlets, we set up booths for daily necessities and industrial products, and place other agricultural cooperatives (NACF banks), local cafes and farmer restaurants in front. Consider multifunction combined service center for consumers and farmers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.257-265
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• 2023

This paper investigates the determinants of credit accessibility and the effect of credit on the income of farm households borrowing from Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Giong Rieng District Branch, Kien Giang Province. Based on the primary data of 200 farming households who are the customer of the bank, the study applied the Probit regression model to examine determinant factors of credit accessibility of farm households and employed the Propensity score matching method to investigate the impact of credit on households' income. The findings of the Probit regression shown that three independent variables that significantly influence the access to credit of households are household size, income source, and farm size. Besides that, the Propensity score matching method results showed a difference of 23.799 million VND/year between the income of borrowing households and that of non-borrowing households at the significance level of 1%. The difference in the imcome from the interval and central matching methods are VND 24.700 million VND/year and VND 24.633 million VND/year, respectively. Given empirical findings suggetsted that several recommendations to increase the credit accessibility of farm households, thereby creating favorable conditions for improving their income.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 2018

This study comprehends that the landscape of Ipsan Village is the accumulated output of the landscape management and social behavior by the historic personages through the reference research and field surveys. And the study sorted out the over-layered landscape characteristics of Ipsan Village by analyzing the dispersed landscape elements as follows. First, right before the start of Japanese invasions to Korea(1592-98), Tamjin(耽津) An(安) Family moved into Ipsan and started establishing the a single clan village. At a site with mountain background and facing the water(背山臨水), the village used to be a typical farming one with an organically planned road-system and housing area following the traditional order. However, the landscape has changed drastically since the 20th century with the construction of banks, roads and readjustment of arable land etc. Second, the original landscape, which can be figured out through the 'Gosanjaesibyukgyeong(高山齋十六景)' in the 18th century, shows its harmony with natural landscape: mountain & valley, stream & field, traditional trees, etc, cultural landscape: village, well, spring, etc, and momentary landscape: seasons, time, weather phenomena, sound, behavior, etc. Third, based on the second, 16 natural landscape elements: mountain & stream, planting, etc. and 25 cultural landscape elements: housing spaces, self-cultivation & ceremony spaces, community spaces and modern education & enlightenment spaces were selected and interpreted as landscaping meanings. Fourth, the over-layered landscape which stems from the compositive functions and inter-connectivity of landscape elements which consists Ipsan Village is regarded as 'Natural geographical and Fungsu landscape', 'Rural production and livelihood landscape', 'Confucian ceremony and symbolic landscape' and 'Modern education and enlightenment landscape.'