• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권B호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2001

This study is finding the most appropriate model of kangwondo watershed. To synthesize each hydrograph, It is found to several parameters which are used in existing hydrographes. then the synthestic hydrograph is compared and investigated with many hydrographes of the rivers in kanwondo. These methods, Nakayasu, Clark, SCS are used to calculate the run-off of this watershed. When the calculated run-off is compared with real rating-curves, then it is found that the SCS method using the Clark's concentrantion time is the best way on this area having large watershed, long river length and gentle water slope, the Nakayasu method is more suitable on this area having small watershed, short river length and steep water slope. Also it is founded from analyzing run-off hydrographes, peak run-off and peak time that the Clark's method applied Kirpich's concentration time way is suitable in the area of kangwondo.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.701-707
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• 1999

This study was initiated to collect background pollutant data for rural watersheds. The effluent/run-off polutant load and run-off ratio of the study areas were calculated and the two types of regression equations, L=a$.$Q+b and L=c$.$Qd where L and Q are the pollutant load(L) and discharge (Q), were derived. We acquired that the correlation coeffcients of the two types of regression equations were over than 90% except for BOD . Therefore, L-Q equations would be a measure to predict water quality of rural watersheds.

• 물과 미래
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 1973

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.555-562
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• 2013

Jeju Island, the heaviest raining area in Korea, is a volcanic Island located at the southernmost of Korea, but most streams are of the dry due to its hydrological/geological characteristics different from those of inland areas. Therefore, there are limitations in applying the results from the mainland to the studies on stream run-off characteristics analysis and water resource analysis of Jeju Island. In this study, the SWAT(soil & water assessment tool) model is used for the Hwabuk stream watershed located east of the downtown to calculate the long-term stream run-off rate, and WMS(watershed modeling system) and HEC-HMS(hydrologic modeling system) models are used to figure out the stream run-off characteristics due to short-term heavy rainfall. As the result of SWAT modelling for the long-term rainfall-runoff model for Hwabuk stream watershed in 2008, 5.66% of the average precipitation of the entire basin was run off, with 3.47% in 2009, 8.12% in 2010, and root mean square error(RMSE) and determination coefficient($R^2$) was 496.9 and 0.87, respectively, with model efficient(ME) of 0.72. From the results of WMS and HEC-HMS models which are short-term rainfall-runoff models, unless there was a preceding rainfall, the runoff occurred only for rainfall of 40mm or greater, and the run-off duration averaged 10~14 hours.

• 물과 미래
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.99-102
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• 1972

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제82권3호
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• pp.283-291
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• 1993

이 연구는 삼림(森林)의 이수기능(理水機能) 및 환경보전(環境保全) 영향효과(影響效果)를 수량적(數量的)으로 구명(究明)하기 위하여 우리나라 남부지방에 위치한 서울대학교 농생대 부속 남부연습림(전남 광양군 옥룡면 추산리)내 북문골소유역(小流域)과 바람골소유역(小流域)의 2개 삼림소유역(森林小流域)에 자기우량계(自記雨量計), 직사각형 웨어 및 자기수위계(自記水位計)등의 삼림수문관측시설(森林水文觀測施設)을 설치하여 1991년 5월 11일부터 1992년 12월 31일까지 각 유역(流域)의 유출량(流出量), 유출유형(流出類型) 등의 개별(個別) 수문인자(水文因子)를 측정(測定) 분석(分析)하였다. 또한 1991년 5월부터 10월까지 수관차단(樹冠遮斷) 손실량(損失量), 수간유하우량(樹幹流下雨量) 및 수관통과우량(樹冠通過雨量) 등 개별 수문현상을 정량적(定量的)으로 측정(測定) 분석(分析)하여 삼림(森林)의 이수기능(理水機能)을 수량화(數量化)하여 기초수문자료를 제공하고자 이 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 기간동안 추산지역의 강우량은 1991년 5월부터 12월까지는 1,306.6mm, 1992년 1월부터 12월까지는 1,143.4mm이었다. 총강우량에 대한 수관차단율(樹冠遮斷率)은 소나무림에서 27.0%, 테다소나무림에서 24.3%였다. 삼림소유역(森林小流域)의 유출율(流出率)은 북문골소유역에서는 48.87, 바람골소유역에서는 41.19%이었다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2000

본 시험은 양축농가에서 환경오염으로 문제시되고 있는 우분뇨 액상구비를 혼파초지에 환원시 유거수내 BOD, COD 특성과 토양내 화학적 변화를 구명코자 축산기술연구소에서 무비구, 금비단용구, 우분뇨액비구(40, 60, 80톤/ha)를 두어 난괴법 5처리 3반복으로 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 무비구에서 유거수량이 1,469.4mm로 가장 많았으나 분뇨액비 60톤구에서는 1,278.1mm로 가장 적었다. 유거수내 BOD는 무비구에서 $19.84m{\ell}/{\;}{\ell}$로 가장 낮았으나 우분뇨 액비 수준이 증가함에 따라 높아지는 경향이었으며, 우분뇨액비 80톤구에서 $36.22m{\ell}/{\;}{\ell}$로 가장 높았다. 유거수내 CDO는 무비구에서 $21.28m{\ell}/{\;}{\ell}$로 가장 낮았으나 우분뇨 액비수준이 증가함에 따라 높아지는 경향이었으며, 우분뇨액비 80톤구에서 $37.51m{\ell}/{\;}{\ell}$로 가장 높았다. 토양의 화학성분중 유효인산 함량과 T-N은 금비구보다 우분뇨 액비 시용구에서 높게 나타났으나 우분뇨액비 수준간에는 차이가 적었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.407-417
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• 2011

Nowadays, the high land use, mainly used for urbanization, is affecting runoff loads of non-point pollutants to increase. According to this fact, increasing runoff loads seems like to appear that it contributes to high ratio of pollution loads in the whole the pollution loads and that this non-point source is the main cause of water becoming worse quality. Especially, concentrated pollutants on the impermeable roads run off to the public water bodies. Also the coefficient of runoff from roads is high with a fast velocity of runoff, which ends up with consequence that a lot of pollutants runoff happens when it is raining. Therefore it is very important project to evaluate the quantity of pollutant loads. In this study, I computed the pollutant loadings depending on time and rainfall to analyze characteristics of runoff while first flush storm water and evaluated the runoff time while first flush storm water and rainfall based on the change in curves on the graph. I also computed contribution ratio to identify its impact on water quality of stream. I realized that the management and treatment of first flush storm water effluents is very important for the management of road's non-point source pollutants because runoff loads of non-point source pollution are over the 80% of whole loads of stream. Also according to the evaluation of runoff loads of first flush storm water for SS, run off time was shown under the 30 minute and rainfall was shown under the 5mm which is less than 20% of whole rainfall. These are under 5mm which is regarded amount of first flush storm water by the Ministry of Environment and it is judged to be because run off by rainfall is very fast on impermeable roads. Also, run off time and rainfall of BOD is higher than SS. Therefore I realized that the management of non-point source should be managed and done differently depending on each material. Finally, the contribution ratio of pollutants loads by rainfall-runoff was shown SS 12.7%, BOD 12.7%, COD 15.9%, T-N 4.9%, T-P 8.9%, however, the pollutants loads flowing into the steam was shown 4.4%. This represents that the concentration of non-point pollutants is relatively higher and we should find the methodical management and should be concerned about non-point source for improvement on water quality of streams.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 1984년도 제26회 수공학연구발표회논문초록집
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• pp.109-112
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• 1984

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.82-95
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• 2011

본 연구는 경상남도의 효율적인 빗물관리를 위해서 강우량, 증발산량, 표면유출량의 물순환 체계를 GIS 기반으로 분석하였다. 공간내삽법에 의한 강우량(1999~2008) 분포는 경상남도 남서부 해안지역의 하동군, 산청군, 사천시 등이 중동부 내륙지역의 창녕군, 밀양시, 창원시 등보다 많게 나타났다. 증발산량은 기온, 토지이용, 식생지수를 독립변수로 한 추정식으로 산출하였으며, 남해군이 평균 93.71mm로 가장 많았고, 진해시와 창원시가 각각 81.78mm와 84.37mm로 가장 적었다. 표면유출량은 SCS 수문학적 토양분류와 토지이용에 의한 산정식으로 분석하였으며, 하동군이 90.40mm로 가장 많았고, 거창군이 46.69mm로 가장 적게 나타났다. 이상의 GIS기반 물순환체계 분석결과는 경상남도의 효율적인 빗물관리를 위한 계획 및 정책마련의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.