• English & American cultural studies
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.207-232
• /
• 2014

Scholars have considered Chaucer's House of Fame mostly as an ars poetica, in which the poet explores new poetic principles and subject matters, while making few attempts to understand the poem in its historical and social contexts. Investigating the nature of the "tidings" that Chaucer suggests as the new source of his poetic inspiration, this paper argues that the house of Rumor was modeled after late fourteenth century English society that experienced increased appetite for news. The political upheaval during the period from the English Rising in 1381 to the reign of Henry IV in the early fifteenth century produced an unprecedented amount of written and oral propaganda. The proliferation of seditious rumors as well as protests and promulgations during this period indicates how seriously medieval society was engaged with the circulation of news. Particularly, the case of John Shirle in 1381 and the legend about the survival of Richard II demonstrate the subversive power of medieval rumor that often served as a political discourse with which people expressed their oppositions to government. Conspicuous in the activities of both the government and late medieval political protestors was the extensive use of writing. The posting of bills in public places continued until the fifteenth century, when such activities became so common and dangerous that the government had to issue proclamations forbidding the circulation of such seditious writings. The number of extant royal proclamations, written protests, and pamphlets demonstrates that already in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the notion of a discursive public space began to emerge. Whether written or orally transmitted, news and rumor circulated in late medieval England, creating a social space in which people shared their political opinions before the introduction of the early modern print culture. In The House of Fame Chaucer calls attention to the subversiveness of rumor, its potential as a public discourse, and the power of written communication in creating truth in order to appropriate these characteristics for his English poems.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.84
• /
• pp.152-188
• /
• 2017

This study stereotyped the media on the basis of ideological inclinations and media types and explored the news coverage through word analysis, network analysis, and frame analysis. There was no difference between conservative media and progressive media in terms of the amount of news. The conservative mainstream media considered the THAAD rumor as an unnecessary misunderstanding and a rumor based conflict of the south-south. The progressive mainstream media mentioned much about Hwang Gyoan, external influences, and lies and highlighted the government's opinion that there was external influence that spread a vicious rumor. Conservative media mentioned on the bringing about social disturbance and in case of progressive media mentioned social disturbance, and progressive media mentioned the responsibility of government and the attitude of conservative media about the diffusion of the rumor. In conclusion the press framed the THAAD rumor on the basis of their ideological inclinations instead of the role of journalist.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.261-286
• /
• 2012

Rumors are widely prevalent in marketplace and It can be problematic and dangerous for the company's reputation and damages their image. Recently, many companies are given trouble by rumors. As getting invigorates the social media, there is high possibility to shape the vicious rumors without any confirmation whether information is true or not. It affects the companies' reputation and trust they have built for long time, also sales drop off. Despite numerous denials, the rumor persisted, keeping occur again and again all the times. Refutation purposes to decrease levels of belief in a rumor. First, establish Study 1 that a variation in identification influences the impact of a rumor on individuals' beliefs. Furthermore, we analyze the effectiveness of a refutation under varying degree of one's level of identification with the rumor object. According to research result, the response pattern of identification and disidentificaion consumers are very different. Disidentifiers, who engaged in systematic processing, believed the rumor less only when the refutation contained strong arguments. Identifiers, processing heuristically, remained unbelieving in the rumor. Study found that identification is an important moderator of consumer response to negative rumors. These defensive processes alleviate the bad influence of that information, and also can reduce the likelihood of attitude degradation.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.66
• /
• pp.59-86
• /
• 2014

This study explored how rumor is diffused via Twitter and how the characteristics of rumor affect the interactivity among users in the Korea-U.S. FTA case. A key word search located three issues as major ones related to the Korea-U.S. FTA: appendectomy myth, collapse of health insurance, and increases in medicine prices. The arousal of rumor has two dimensions: fact and expression. The fact arousal was the highest in the issue of 'appendectomy myth', and the expression arousal the highest in 'increases in medicine prices'. The rumor diffusion took the 'explosive wave' in the issue of appendectomy myth, the 'latent wave' in the issue of increase in medicine prices, and the 'repetitive wave' in the issue of collapse of health insurance. Correlation analyses revealed a high correlation between the arousal intensity of rumor and the user interactivity in the issue of collapse of health insurance. The study showed that Twitter took a role of diffusing negative messages about the Korea-U.S. FTA. Results implies that government officials and journalists pay attention to Twitter for sensing the public opinion when building policies and managing crises.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2017

This study focused on the difference between the volume of rumors and types of rumors via social media based on case studies and network analysis. Rumors are classified into core statement, peripheral statement, core gossip, and peripheral gossip based on their factuality and influence. The diffusion of opinions via social media is classified into dispersive mob, solid mob, dispersive minority, and solid minority based on the volume of node and its interactivity. The results of this study show that, core gossip is actively dispersed. Users are more interested in the influence of rumor than in rumors that appear the be factual. This study highlighted what the role of government when rumor is diffusing and in the aspect of message what the characteristic of rumor.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.275-288
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we consider a rumor source inference problem when sufficiently many nodes heard the rumor in the network. This is an important problem because information spread in networks is fast in many real-world phenomena such as diffusion of a new technology, computer virus/spam infection in the internet, and tweeting and retweeting of popular topics and some of this information is harmful to other nodes. This problem has been much studied, where it has been shown that the detection probability cannot be beyond 31% even for regular trees if the number of infected nodes is sufficiently large. Motivated by this, we study the impact of query that is asking some additional question to the candidate nodes of the source and propose budget assignment algorithms of a query when the network administrator has a finite budget. We perform various simulations for the proposed method and obtain the detection probability that outperforms to the existing prior works.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2021

Nowadays microblogs have become the most popular platforms to obtain and spread information. Twitter is one of the most used platforms to share everyday life event. However, rumors and misinformation on Arabic social media platforms has become pervasive which can create inestimable harm to society. Therefore, it is imperative to tackle and study this issue to distinguish the verified information from the unverified ones. There is an increasing interest in rumor detection on microblogs recently, however, it is mostly applied on English language while the work on Arabic language is still ongoing research topic and need more efforts. In this paper, we propose a combined Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to detect rumors on Twitter dataset. Various experiments were conducted to choose the best hyper-parameters tuning to achieve the best results. Moreover, different neural network models are used to evaluate performance and compare results. Experiments show that the CNN-LSTM model achieved the best accuracy 0.95 and an F1-score of 0.94 which outperform the state-of-the-art methods.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2022

Disposition Effect (DE) is one of the many investment biases, wherein the investors sell the profitable stocks rather quickly and they tend to hold on the loss making stocks. Various factors related to the DE are the character of investors applying risk management which is also influenced by the social media, Salient Shock (COVID-19), and in the specific case of Indonesia, the phenomenon of rumor stocks wherein the price can rise as much as up to 8500%. The study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the DE with specific explanatory factors, namely investor behavior and rumors. Data was obtained through a questionnaire sent to 248 Indonesian Stock Exchange Investors (IDX) during the period October-November 2021 by using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results show: Generation Z, women, and investors with a low education has a greater DE, risk-takers tend to have lower DE, and professionals have negative DE. Implementation of risk management will reduce DE. Social Media and the COVID-19 situation positively affect DE. Especially on stock rumors, there is evidence that investors who own rumor stocks will have a low DE. The results indicate the need for: (i) risk management, especially for Z Generation, women and low education Investors, (ii) to provide positive information so that information on social media can be responded to positively.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2001

This study investigated the effect of different dietary fats and fibers on colon tumor incidence and cell proliferation, the levels of eicosanoids and polyamines in colonic mucosa of DMH-treated rats. The experiment was conducted on male Sprague Dawley rats using a 2 $\times$3 factorial design with two fats (corn oil and DHA-rich fish oil) and two fibers (cellulose and pectin) and a fiber-free control. The rats were find an experimental diet containing 15% (w/w) dietary fat and 6% (w/w) fiber for 25 weeks. Tumor incidence was Bower in rats fed fish oil as opposed to corn oil. The levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosanoids ($PGE_2, and TXB_2$) in normal colonic mucosa were significantly lower in rats fed fish oil and there was a concomitant increase of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The levels of eicosanoids and AA in tumor tissues were significantly higher than those of normal colonic mucosa. The level of polyamines in normal colonic mucosa was not affected by dietary fats but was significantly lower than that in rumor tissues. Dietary fiber did not have a significant effect on rumor incidence and the levels of AA, eicosanoids and polyamines. Overall, fish oil rich in DHA reduced cell prolifiration and thus inhibited colon carcinogenesis through its effect on the distribution of AA and production of eicosanoids in normal colonic mucosa. However, its effect on colon carcinogenesis revealed a lack of consistency depending on the type of dietary fiber in diet.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.127-168
• /
• 2021

Objectives : First, the time of publication of the writing Jinjeong(陳情), was identified with consideration of current affairs at the time in Hamgyeongdo. Second, the relevance between agricultural policies and military/defense policies were identified. Third, based on these findings, the phrase "洋醜之漁獵頻泊汊 港, 峩人之耕牧恒據沿䐉" was throughly examined within its historical context. Methods : First, the time of publication of the writing Jinjeong(陳情), was identified with consideration of current affairs at the time in Hamgyeongdo. Second, the relevance between agricultural policies and military/defense policies were identified. Third, based on these findings, the phrase "洋醜之漁獵頻泊汊 港, 峩人之耕牧恒據沿䐉" was throughly examined within its historical context. Results & Conclusions : 1. The Jinjeong(陳情) of the Dongmuyugo(東武遺稿) is a writing on crossing borders into the Maritime Province of Siberia, which was written between the end of September and December of 1870. 2. The phrase "洋醜之漁獵頻泊汊港" is related to the incident when a handover line was at anchor in the Unggi harbor three times in 1869. 3. "我人之耕牧恒據沿海" refers to the rumor spread in 1870 about Russia being an ideal country that practiced ideal politics, to the extent of cattle and horse being gifted to immigrants into the country.