• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.442-455
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• 1987

The purpose of the study were to assist foodservice managers in complex decision making by utilizing computerized cost accounting system and to relieve managers from repetitive and routine tasks so that more adequate patient care and consultation can be provided. The scope of the computer-assisted cost accounting system consists of budget, menu planning, purchasing, inventory, cost control and financial reporting. The content of the computerized system are summarized as follows ; 1) For budgeting monthly income was estimated by calculating unit cost of each meal and forecasting serving numbers. The actual serving numbers for patients and employees were totaled everyday, and utilized as the basic data base for estimating income and planning menu. The monthly lists of meal sensus were generated. 2) for menu planning concersion factors were computed based on the standarized recipe for 50 servings. Daily menus for patients and employees which include total amounts of each ingredient and cost analyzed information were generated. 3) Daily and monthly purchasing report for each food item classified by patient and employee meals were generated. 4) Inventory transactions such as recipts and issues were totalized daily for each stocked item, and monthly inventory reports were generated. 5) Cost analysis reports for each menu item were generated into two ways based on the budget coat as well as the purchasing cost. 6) Editing new recipes and updating food costs change to the data base were carried out. 7) Financial reports were generated monthly, first-half and second-half of the year, and yearly basis.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2006

LCB 타블렛과 타블렛 PC 등과 같은 펜-입력 디스플레이는 CAD에서, 특히, 컨셉트 디자인 단계에서 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는, 이런 장치들을 대상으로 하는 CAD 시스템에서 사용될 수 있는 직관적인 B-Spline 수정 방법을 제안한다. 컨트롤 포인트를 기반으로 하는 B-Spline 수정 방법과는 달리, 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 곡선이나 곡면의 최종적인 모양을 결정하는데 사용자의 펜 입력을 이용한다. 이전에 방법에서 컨트롤 포인트나 조작자(manipulator)를 이용했던 것에 비해 원하는 모양을 만들어 가는 데 소요되는 시간을 줄여준다. 이런 과정은 디자인을 하는데 있어서 지금까지는 피할 수 없는 것처럼 여겨져 왔다. 본 논문에서 제시된 방법의 용이성을 검증하기 위하여 여러 명의 디자이너들과 함께 실험을 수행한 결과를 보여준다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

Background: Residential and commercial cleaning is a part of our daily routine to maintain sanitation around the environment. Health care of professionals involved in such cleaning activities has become a major concern all over the world. The present study investigates the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in professional cleaners involved in floor mopping tasks. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 132 mopping professionals using a modified Nordic questionnaire. The Pearson correlation test was implemented to study the association of perceived pain with work experience. The muscle strain and postural risk were evaluated by means of three-channel electromyography and real-time motion capture respectively of 15 professionals during floor mopping. Results: Regarding musculoskeletal injuries, risk was reported majorly in the right hand, lower back, left wrist, right shoulder, left biceps, and right wrist of the workers. Work experience had a low negative association with MSDs in the left wrist, right wrist, right elbow, lower back, and right lower arm (p < 0.01). Surface EMG showed occurrence of higher muscle activity in upper trapezius and biceps brachii (BB) muscles of the dominant hand and flexor carpi radialis and BB muscles of the nondominant hand positioned at the upper and lower portion of the mop rod, respectively. Conclusion: Ergonomic mediations should be executed to lessen the observed risk of musculoskeletal injuries in this professional group of workers.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2017

Species identification is a fundamental and routine process in plant systematics, and linguistic-based dichotomous keys are widely used in the identification process. Recently, novel tools for species identification have been developed to improve the accuracy, ease to use, and accessibility related to these tasks for a broad range of users given the advances in information and communications technology. A visual identification key is such an approach, in which couplets consist of images of plants or a part of a plant instead of botanical terminology. We developed a visual identification key for 101 taxa of Orchidaceae in Korea and evaluated its performance. It uses short statements for image couplets to avoid misinterpretations by users. The key at the initial steps (couplets) uses relatively easy characters that can be determined with the naked eye. The final steps of the visual key provide images of species and information about distributions and flowering times to determine the species that best fit the available information. The number of steps required to identify a species varies, ranging from three to ten with an average of 4.5. A performance test with senior college students showed that species were accurately identified using the visual key at a rate significantly higher than when using a linguistic-based dichotomous key and a color manual. The findings presented here suggest that the proposed visual identification key is a useful tool for the teaching of biodiversity at schools, for the monitoring of ecosystems by citizens, and in other areas that require rapid, easy, and accurate identifications of species.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.630-639
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• 2021

Autonomous driving requires a computerized perception of the environment for safety and machine-learning evaluation. Recognizing semantic information is difficult, as the objective is to instantly recognize and distinguish items in the environment. Training a model with real-time semantic capability and high reliability requires extensive and specialized datasets. However, generalized datasets are unavailable and are typically difficult to construct for specific tasks. Hence, a light detection and ranging semantic dataset suitable for semantic simultaneous localization and mapping and specialized for autonomous driving is proposed. This dataset is provided in a form that can be easily used by users familiar with existing two-dimensional image datasets, and it contains various weather and light conditions collected from a complex and diverse practical setting. An incremental and suggestive annotation routine is proposed to improve annotation efficiency. A model is trained to simultaneously predict segmentation labels and suggest class-representative frames. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields a more efficient dataset than uniformly sampled datasets.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.2198-2203
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• 2022

As robotics become more sophisticated, there are a growing number of generic systems being used for routine tasks in nuclear environments to reduce risk to radiation workers. The nuclear sector has called for more commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices and components to be used in preference to nuclear specific hardware, enabling robotic operations to become more affordable, reliable, and abundant. To ensure reliable operation in nuclear environments, particularly in high-gamma facilities, it is important to quantify the tolerance of electronic systems to ionizing radiation. To deliver their full potential to end-users, mobile robots require sophisticated autonomous behaviors and sensing, which requires significant computational power. A popular choice of computing system, used in low-cost mobile robots for nuclear environments, is the UP Core single board computer. This work presents estimates of the total ionizing dose that the UP Core running the Robot Operating System (ROS) can withstand, through gamma irradiation testing using a Co-60 source. The units were found to fail on average after 111.1 ± 5.5 Gy, due to faults in the on-board power management circuitry. Its small size and reasonable radiation tolerance make it a suitable candidate for robots in nuclear environments, with scope to use shielding to enhance operational lifetime.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2022

This paper studies how COVID-19 has affected the labor market in Korea through a general equilibrium model with multiple industries and occupations. In the model, workers are allocated to one of many occupations in an industry, and industrial or occupational shocks alter the employment structure. I calibrate the model with Korean data and identify industrial and occupational shocks, referred to here as COVID-19 shocks, behind the employment dynamics in 2020 and 2021. I find that COVID-19 shocks are more severe for those with jobs with a higher risk of infection and in those that are more difficult to do from home. Interestingly, the relationship between COVID-19 shocks and infection risk weakened as the pandemic progressed, whereas the relationship between COVID-19 shocks and easiness of work-from-home strengthened. I interpret the results as meaning that the pandemic may direct future technological changes to replace tasks that require contact-intensive steps, and I simulate the impact of such technological changes through the lens of the model. The results show that such technological changes will lower the demand for manual workers compared to the demands for other occupations. This contrasts with the earlier trend of job polarization, where manual workers continued to increase their employment share, with the share of routine workers secularly declining at the same time.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2024

The proliferation of IoT devices has presented an unprecedented challenge in managing device identities securely and efficiently. In this paper, we introduce an innovative Hybrid Blockchain-Based Approach for IoT Identity Management that prioritizes both security and efficiency. Our hybrid solution, strategically combines the advantages of direct and indirect connections, yielding exceptional performance. This approach delivers reduced latency, optimized network utilization, and energy efficiency by leveraging local cluster interactions for routine tasks while resorting to indirect blockchain connections for critical processes. This paper presents a comprehensive solution to the complex challenges associated with IoT identity management. Our Hybrid Blockchain-Based Approach sets a new benchmark for secure and efficient identity management within IoT ecosystems, arising from the synergy between direct and indirect connections. This serves as a foundational framework for future endeavors, including optimization strategies, scalability enhancements, and the integration of advanced encryption methodologies. In conclusion, this paper underscores the importance of tailored strategies in shaping the future of IoT identity management through innovative blockchain integration.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2007

임베디드 운영체제에서의 실시간성 지원은 현대 임베디드 시스템에서 추가사항이 아니라 필수사항이다. 이러한 임베디드 운영체제가 사용되는 시스템의 실시간성 지원을 충족하기 위해서는 시스템 내 실시간성이 요구되는 태스크들의 스케줄링 가능성 여부가 중요하며, 이를 시스템 수행 전 검증해야 할 필요가 있다. 스케줄링 가능성 분석에서 핵심적인 부분 중의 하나는 태스크의 최악실행시간을 구하는 것이다. 기존의 최악실행시간 분석도구들은 일반적인 응용 태스크 즉, 응용 프로그램의 최악실행시간을 위주로 분석하였기 때문에 응용 프로그램들이 운영체제에 의해 스케줄링시 영향을 받는 운영체제의 스케줄링 관련 프리미티브들(스케줄러, 인터럽트 서비스 루틴등)에 대한 고려는 전혀 하지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 임베디드 운영체제 중에 널리 사용하고 있는 임베디드 리눅스가 사용되는 임베디드 시스템에서의 스케줄링 관련 프리미티브들을 고려하는 최악실행시간 분석 도구를 설계하고 구현한다. 이 분석도구는 일반적인 응용 프로그램 뿐만 아니라 임베디드 리눅스 커널내의 스케줄링에 영향을 미치는 관련 프리미티브들의 최악실행시간을 분석하여 스케줄링 분석의 정확성을 더욱 더 높인다. 이 도구는 현재 임베디드 환경에서 통합개발환경으로 제작된 이클립스(Eclipse)의 플러그인 형태로 개발되어 어떠한 플랫폼에서도 동작 가능하고 사용자가 사용하기에 편리한 인터페이스 및 기능을 제공할 수 있도록 구현한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1173-1178
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• 2023

현대 사회에서는 효율성을 강조하여 조직 내 팀 프로젝트와 개인 업무를 세부 계획으로 이끄는 경향이 있다. 24시간 일상에서 시간을 효과적으로 활용하는 능력은 성실함의 지표로 여겨지며, 사람들은 계획적이고 조직적인 사람들을 모방하고 다양한 시스템을 활용하여 일상을 관리하려고 노력한다. 주어진 업무를 효율적으로 수행하려는 이유는 정해진 기간 내에 작업을 완료함으로써 프로젝트의 성패에 영향을 미치기 때문이다. 프로젝트 일정을 소홀히 할 경우, 성공적인 결과를 위협하는 큰 위험으로 여겨집니다. 이는 조직의 대형 프로젝트뿐 아니라 개인의 생활에서도 같이 적용되며, 시간 기반의 효율적인 관리를 강조하는 다양한 일정 관리 도구를 활용한다. 프로젝트 관리에서는 단순히 '오늘'을 기준으로 하는 것이 아니라 세부 업무 진행 상황을 주의 깊게 파악하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 우리는 사용자가 속한 프로젝트에 날짜가 아닌 업무 단위로 접근하여 일정을 관리할 수 있는 안드로이드 애플리케이션을 제안하고 그 구현 내용을 소개한다. 본 논문에서 우리가 구현한 애플리케이션은 사용자가 속한 프로젝트를 등록하여 프로젝트의 목표 및 일정을 관리할 수 있다. 더불어, 프로젝트 전체 또는 개별 목표 진행률을 가시화하여 업무에 효율적으로 접근할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 이로써 사용자들은 본 논문에서 우리가 제안하는 애플리케이션을 활용하여 본인이 속한 프로젝트에 전념하며 업무 단위로 일정을 관리함으로써 프로젝트의 전반적인 효율을 향상할 수 있다.