• Title/Summary/Keyword: Routes

Search Result 2,302, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

A study on the freight volume of car ferry route between Seosan-Daesan Port and Weihai Port activation plan (서산 대산항-위해항 카페리 항로의 물동량 추정 및 활성화 방안 연구)

  • Lee, Jung Wook;Yun, Kyong Jun;Lee, Hyang Sook
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
    • /
    • v.36 no.1
    • /
    • pp.91-104
    • /
    • 2020
  • Seosan-Daesan Port is the sixth largest port in Korea, and it promotes port infrastructure expansion, regular route development, overseas marketing, and port incentive systems for continuous growth. In addition, the port is planning to open a regular car ferry line to Weihai, China. This study aims to provide useful research data for effective decision making by analyzing the feasibility of opening the Chinese (Weihai) car ferry route of Seosan-Daesan Port. Currently, some car ferry routes that operate between Korea and China are open at Incheon Port, the Port of Pyeongtaek-Dangjin, and the Port of Gunsan. In order to estimate the volume of cargo that will be created when the car ferry route from Seosan-Daesan Port to Weihai opens, this research analyzes the domestic cargo volume from the Chungcheongnam-do region, where Seosan-Daesan Port is located, to each of the regions where the other ports are located. We estimated the volume of cargo that can be transported on the car ferry from Seosan-Daesan Port to Weihai. As a result, by 2020, about 76,000 passengers and about 50,000 tons of cargo could be created. Suggestions were made for policy strategies that would revitalize passenger numbers and secure the cargo volume of the car ferry, along with a discussion of and the port incentive system.

A Study about Hospice Perception of Nursing University Student (간호대학생의 호스피스 인식에 대한 조사 연구)

  • Kim, Jeong-Hee;Lim, Cheong-Hwan;Jung, Hong-Ryang
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.391-396
    • /
    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to be helpful to the expansion and development of hospice and to provide the basic data for Hospice palliative care by identifying the general characteristics of curriculum of hospice perception, level of perception, practice experiences, routes, times, meanings, needs, targets, supply, types, organizations, experiences, use of hospice and physical, emotional, social and spiritual aspects of hospice services. Study tools which were used in this study were composed of three sections. Survey paper is 3-point Likert scale which is composed of 6 questions of general characteristics, nominal scale of 24 questions about hospice perception and hospice service contents. Respondents can reply with 3 answers of Necessary (1), Mediocre (2), and Not necessary (3), in physical, emotional, social and spiritual aspects. Score ranges of this tool are from minimum of 24 points to maximum of 72 points and higher scores mean higher perception of Hospice. Hospice is a behavior to take care of terminal patients who are waiting for death and their family and it should be conducted physically, emotionally, socially and spiritually in order that the patients could meet their last moments of life by maintaining a high quality of life, human dignity and peace for the rest of their lives. Hospice could be mentioned to be a comprehensive care to relieve the pains and grieves of bereaved family.

Effects of the COVID-19 spread on the Northeast Asia Airport Network Centrality: Using Social Network Analysis (코로나19 확산이 동북아 공항 네트워크 중심성 지수에 미친 영향: 소셜 네트워크 분석을 중심으로)

  • Shin, Taejin;Kim, Seok;Jung, Seyeon
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
    • /
    • v.18 no.5
    • /
    • pp.179-186
    • /
    • 2020
  • The purposes of this paper were: 1) to identify the structural changes of the northeast Asia airport network caused by the pandemic of COVID-19 using social network analysis (SNA) and 2) to suggest proposals for improving airport competitiveness. In this respect, the entire international air routes in northeast Asia airport collected data of 4-10 March 2019 and 9-15 March 2020 through schedules analyzer database of OAG. We found that both the density and centrality have decreased since the spread of COVID-19. The government and airport authorities need active support such as a reduction of various fees and a moratorium on transportation rights to overcome the crisis in the air transport industry. When the COVID-19 situation calms down in the future, we hope that further research will be conducted to identify the structural changes in the SNA aspects through the vast data establishment in countries such as the EU and America.

The consideration of facilities plan and train operating plan for Incheon airport railroad revitalization (인천공항철도 활성화를 위한 시설 및 열차운영방안 고찰)

  • Roh, Byoung-Kuk;Kim, Young-Bea
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
    • /
    • 2010.06a
    • /
    • pp.80-97
    • /
    • 2010
  • With the hubbing strategy, construction of "Incheon Airport Railroad(AREX)" was proceeded to expand the accessibility at the level of airports in rivalry like Kansai and Chek Lap Kok. At the present 1st phase which routes from Incheon Airport to Kimpo Airport is opened March 2007. 2nd phase which is planned from Kimpo Airport to Seoul station will be opened at the end of October 2010. But the accessibilty to AREX is delinquent because it is connected only in Seoul station and the maximum operation speed is 110km/h which downgrade the time competitiveness with airport limousine. In addition, transfering of user is necessary to access to AREX from Kyungbu KTX. With these reasons, travel demand in 1st phase section is low(7%). According to reestimation of travel demand, demand analysis result compared with convention condition is insufficient, so required annual average government grant-in-aid amounts to 200 billions won, and it is right time to develop the method for revitalization of Incheon airport railroad. In this paper, facilities plan and operating plan to make new travel demand by speed-up which is able through substitution train now running with high speed train(EMU, 180km/h) and direct connection of KTX, will be suggested. This will contribute to offering high speed railroad service to customers and the reduction of government grant-in-aid by way of demand expansion.

  • PDF

Infestation Characteristics of Parasite (Ligula intestinalis) in Abdominal Cavity of Zacco platypus in the Small Stream of Korea (국내 중소하천에서 피라미 (Zacco platypus)의 복강 기생충 감염특성)

  • Shin, Jae-Ki;Kang, Bok-Gyoo;Hwang, Soon-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
    • /
    • v.49 no.3
    • /
    • pp.215-227
    • /
    • 2016
  • In freshwater ecosystems, the types of fish parasites are diverse and routes of infection are complicated because they maintain the life cycle in a variety of host animals, The present study investigated the infestation characteristics of parasites occurring in abdominal cavity of Zacco platypus in Seom River from February to October 2007. At the same time, four streams (Gam Stream, Daepo Stream, Yangsan Stream, and Yulha Stream) were also surveyed for the reference of fish infection. Aquatic insects and shellfish predominated benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages by 90.4% and 7.7% of relative abundance, respectively. Aquatic insects were composed mostly of Ephemeroptera (46.8%) and Trichoptera (29.8%), and shellfish was Gastropods. Freshwater fish was most abundant Cyprinid and Z. platypus by 85.7% and 48.8%, respectively. Among waterfowl, Anas poecilorhyncha and Egretta garzetta were dominant in August. Fish parasites observed in the abdominal cavity of Z. platypus was classified as Ligula intestinalis, belonging to Phylum Platyhelminthes Cestoda Pseudophyllidae. L. intestinalis was observed from Z. platypus in October, as the number of one individual in the Seom River and fifteen individuals in the Yangsan Stream. Infection rate of plerocercoid ranged 1.4~15.8%. We discussed the relationship between the life cycle of the parasite and the host, and hope our results to be useful for understanding the ecology of the fish abdominal parasites in Korean river ecosystem.

Application of An Ecological Engineering Approach in Evaluating Protected Area at Local Scales (생태계 보호지역 평가에서 생태공학 도입과 활용)

  • Koo, Kyung Ah
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.144-155
    • /
    • 2020
  • This research developed an approach to identify ecologically important areas at local scales and explained how the results of this approach could contribute to extend the protected areas in the Republic of Korea (ROK). While most developed countries have considered various biotic and abiotic factors, ecological processes, migration routes, habitat connectivity, ecosystem services, and etc. to determine the protected areas, ROK has considered a few factors focusing on biodiversity, landscape, and the habitats of endangered organisms. However, for sustainable management of our nature, we need comprehensive understanding of various ecosystem factors and interactions among them at local scales in designating protected areas. Forthis, we developed a conceptual model based on the ecological engineering approach and then explained how the results of this approach could contribute to extend the protected areas. In particular, we considered future land-use and climate change in determining the priority areas for novel protected areas. Our research suggested an effective methodology 1) to include various ecosystem factors and 2) to consider future environmental changes as well as current environmental conditions in finding the ecologically important areas and prioritizing these areas. However, our approach has limitations on the real-world applications due to the lack of fundamental information and data on our ecosystems. To improve the effectiveness of our approach in the real-world applications, we need various long-term ecological research results, environmental and ecological monitoring data, and both current and future spatial environmental data.

A Conversational Interactive Tactile Map for the Visually Impaired (시각장애인의 길 탐색을 위한 대화형 인터랙티브 촉각 지도 개발)

  • Lee, Yerin;Lee, Dongmyeong;Quero, Luis Cavazos;Bartolome, Jorge Iranzo;Cho, Jundong;Lee, Sangwon
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
    • /
    • v.23 no.1
    • /
    • pp.29-40
    • /
    • 2020
  • Visually impaired people use tactile maps to get spatial information about their surrounding environment, find their way, and improve their independent mobility. However, classical tactile maps that make use of braille to describe the location within the map have several limitations, such as the lack of information due to constraints on space and limited feedback possibilities. This study describes the development of a new multi-modal interactive tactile map interface that addresses the challenges of tactile maps to improve the usability and independence of visually impaired people when using tactile maps. This interface adds touch gesture recognition to the surface of tactile maps and enables the users to verbally interact with a voice agent to receive feedback and information about navigation routes and points of interest. A low-cost prototype was developed to conduct usability tests that evaluated the interface through a survey and interview given to blind participants after using the prototype. The test results show that this interactive tactile map prototype provides improved usability for people over traditional tactile maps that use braille only. Participants reported that it was easier to find the starting point and points of interest they wished to navigate to with the prototype. Also, it improved self-reported independence and confidence compared with traditional tactile maps. Future work includes further development of the mobility solution based on the feedback received and an extensive quantitative study.

Virulence of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale Isolates for Embryonated SPF Eggs and Broilers (국내에서 분리한 Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale 균의 종란과 육계에서의 병원성)

  • Kwon, Yong-Kuk;Jeon, Woo-Jin;Kang, Min-Soo;Oh, Jae-Young;An, Byung-Ki;Song, Eun-A;Kwon, Jun-Hun;Lee, Cheong-San;Kim, Jae-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.159-165
    • /
    • 2010
  • Field strains of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (OR) were tested on their virulence in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs and 3-week-old broilers. When infected with three different OR isolates (OR-161, OR-240 and OR-295) through yolk sac infection route, all strains appeared to be highly pathogenic with responsible mortality 66% and 100% within 12 days post infection (DPI). To test the virulence of OR in the commercial broilers, 3 week-old broilers were grouped depends on the inoculation route of OR isolate (OR-295) through five different infection routes; group 1 (IT: intratracheal), group 2 (IM: intramuscular), group 3 (IV: intravenous), group 4 (aerosol) and group 5 [Mixed: NDV (LaSota)+OR aerosol]. Within 5 to 7 days after inoculation, only broilers given NDV+OR were slightly depressed and coughing, and had mild facial redness. Grossly, foamy and yellow-white yogurt like exudate in the air sacs, predominantly in the abdominal air sacs was present. In histology, infiltration of the air sac epithelium and lamina propria by macrophage and polymorphonuclear granulocytes was seen with cell debris and inflammatory cells, correlated with the presence of OR antigen, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Field strains of OR were able to induce high mortality in the embryonated chicken eggs, whereas broilers were less susceptible to OR infection. Interestingly, in the absence of NDV infection, the four groups of OR single infection only different route showed minimal and temporary microscopic air sac lesions. Thus, Newcastle disease virus (LaSota strain) showed triggering effects on the OR infection in chickens.

Analysis of Central Place and Hinterland using Linear programming and Probability Model of Huff (선형계획법과 허프확률모형을 이용한 농촌마을 중심지와 배후지 분석)

  • Jeon, Jeongbae;Park, Meejeong;Kim, Eunja;Choi, Jinah;Lim, Changsu
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
    • /
    • v.23 no.1
    • /
    • pp.53-63
    • /
    • 2017
  • Although some indicators for evaluating rural settlement conditions have been offered, these indicators could not reflect unique characteristics that rural has its own peculiarities. The rural area is identified with central districts functioned as service provision and hinterlands used its service. The aim of this study is to find a central district of rural villages and define range of its hinterlands using various physical characteristics of rural areas. Targeting areas are Yongsan and Hwanggan in Yeongdong-gun. The physical characteristics are represented by building density, number of shops among secondary and tertiary industries, official land price, and density of bus line. The rural central district is estimated by linear programming using defined the physical characteristics. Also its hinterlands used Huff model and social accessibility. The results of this study are as follows; (1) The physical characteristics in Hwanggan myeon is higher than Yongsan myeon because Hwanggan area has a large floating population for using Hwanggan station and ticket office; (2) The central district in Hwanggan has wider regional range than Yongsan. When central district estimate in rural areas, we suggest a grid diameter of Hexagon for controlling errors; (3) Considering accessibility, the life zone of 4 districts defined legally in Hwanggan use Yongsan and 2 legal districts in Hwanggan are possible to take advantage of Yongsan's life zone; (4) The results of survey targeting boundary villages between Yongsan and Hwanggan, individual drivers use central districts both Yongsan and Hwanggan, however users by public transportation (especially bus) go more to Hwanggan because bus lines to Hwanggan have many routes than to Yongsan. Evaluating the rural settlement conditions by national unit through grasping central districts and its hinterlands, these results can use as base line data and the evidence for regional development projects.

A Study on Pedestrian Accessibility Considering Social Path (Social path를 반영한 보행 접근성 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Sung Taek;Lee, Hyang Sook;Choo, Sang Ho;Kim, Su Jae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
    • /
    • v.33 no.1
    • /
    • pp.50-60
    • /
    • 2015
  • Pedestrians not only walk along roads, but also pass through buildings or across open spaces. This study defines these unusual walk routes as social path. Social path is an informal pedestrian route that is not considered in a pedestrian network, even though it should be regarded as pedestrian route considering the fact that many people actually use this path. In response, current study related to travel behavior cannot evaluate properly due to lack of consideration for realistic travel behavior such as social path. In order to deal with this situation, this study analyzes the effect of social path at two complex centers in Seoul. Evaluation indices are service area analysis and urban network analysis which is one of the spatial network analysis. In particular, we subdivide the network into three steps by the level of network building and analyze each step. As a result, it is revealed that step three which includes social path shows the greatest improvement in pedestrian accessibility. In this regard, we confirm that social path should be considered when evaluating pedestrian accessibility in further studies. Furthermore, a lot of undervalued facilities will be re-appraised in the field of travel behavior.