• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.586-590
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• 2005

In order to compare the dynamic loading effects of particular trains it is necessary to use methodology that separates the two inherent aspects of the dynamic response of the total dynamic system-the characteristics of the train and a bridge. Because the train signature profile is a function of axle spacing and axle loads, it can be calculated which is independent of the characteristics of an individual bridge. Thus the use of the train signature enables a rapid comparison of the effects of different trains to be made. If the magnitude of train signature for a new train type is less than of existing trains on a route then the route will be satisfactory for the new train. This study presents a quantitative analysis of the dynamic loading effects for various domestic real trains-PMC8, PMC16, Mugunhwa passenger coach, several freight coach, KTX and TTX(Tilting Train Express)- Using the train signature.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.254-257
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• 1998

Esophageal foreign body are not uncommon problems in the otolaryngologic field. Esophageal foreign body may cause severe complications such as esophageal ulceration, esophageal perforation, periesophagitis, tracheo-esophageal fistula, mediastinitis, pneumothorax pyothorax according to the kinds, shape, size, duration of lodgement of foreign body. The majority of esophageal foreign U which lodge in the esophagus can be removed endoscopically, but the following type of foreign body may require removal by external route. 1. an impacted foreign body 2. a foreign body producing esophagitis after unsuccessful attempts at removal through the esopahgoscope 3. a periesophageal abscess with a foreign body lodging in the abscess itself. Recently, we experienced a case of esophageal foreign body (fish bone) which penetrate the cervical esophageal wall and formed retropharyngeal abscess in 54-year old female. The foreign body are successfully removed and abscess was drained by external route through the lat neck.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.336-340
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• 2002

Pure and nano-sized $TiO_2$ and $CaTiO_3$ powders were fabricated by a polymeric steric entrapment route and planetary milling process. An ethylene glycol was used as a polymeric carrier for the preparation of organic-inorganic precursors. Titanium isopropoxide and calcium nitrate were dissolved in liquid-type ethylene glycol without any precipitation. At the optimum amount of the polymer, the metal cations were dispersed in solution and a homogeneous polymeric network was formed. The dried precursor ceramic gels were turned to porous powders through calcination process. The porous powders were crystallized at low temperatures and the crystalline powders were planetary milled to nano size.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.440-441
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• 2006

Several titanate powders ($Al_2TiO_5,\;SrTiO_3$, etc.) were synthesized by an ethylene glycol solution route. Titanium isopropoxide and nitrate salts were dissolved in stoichiometric proportions in liquid-type ethylene glycol without any precipitation. The parent precursor sols were dried to porous gels, and then the gels were calcined and crystallized. All synthesized titanate powders had stable crystallization behavior at low temperature and high specific surface area after a simple ball-milling process. A three-component PZT $(Pb(Zr_{0.52}{\cdot}Ti_{0.48})O_3)$ powder was also synthesized successfully by the ethylene glycol method. In this study, the characteristics of the multi-component titanate powders by the ethylene glycol method are examined.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.47-62
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• 1992

This paper describes a procedure for optimizing the route selection and production conditions in alternate process plans under a cellular manufacturing environment. The type of production is mainly production-to-order which deals with unexpected products as the changes factor. The flexible cellular manufacturing can be viewed as a complete unification of both flexible manufacturing process and flexible production management. The integrated problem for designing flexible cellular manufacturing associated with determining the optimal values of the machining speeds, overtime, and intercell flow is formulated as Nonlinear Mixed Integer Programming(NMIP) in order to minimize total production change cost. This is achieved by introducing the marginal cost analysis into the NMIP, which will compute the optimal machining speed, overtime, intercell flow, and routing. The application of this procedure offers greater flexibility to take advantage of the cellular manufacturing due to the optimum use of resources. A solution procedure for this problem was developed and a numerical example is included.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.433-443
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• 2005

This paper show that, without installation of expensive VR (Virtual Reality) program, the sharing information is possible through posting three-dimensional road structures on the web, and avoiding the conventional top-down decision making method, fast bottom-up communication is possible base on the Virtual GIS (Geographic Information System). In this paper, using Viewpoint Scene Builder, internet-based software, the transformation was conducted to give pertinent type for web posting. In order to use the completed route at the scene builder, the output with ASCII Export is required, and ASE (ASCII Scene Export) contains the property information including the coordinate and frame of mesh vertex. Through in advance recognition of the problems regarding route design and petition due to environmental rights infringement, the time and cost due to design alteration can be reduced. It's difficult to provide VR based on the internet because file that embodied with internet GIS was complicated and its capacity comes to scores of mega-bites. But, this study provides VR with internet according to a basis by simplification of files.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.720-724
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• 2016

Transparent n-type metal-oxide semiconductor of $MoO_x$ was applied on a p-type Si substrate for high-performing heterojunction photodetector. The formation of $MoO_x$ on Si spontaneously established a rectifying current flow with a high rectification ratio of 1,252.3%. Under light illumination condition, n-type $MoO_x$/p-type Si heterojunction device provided significantly fast responses (rise time : 61.28 ms, fall time : 66.26 ms). This transparent metal-oxide layer ($MoO_x$) would provide a functional route for various photoelectric devices, including photodetectors and solar cells.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect effects of residential satisfaction on the quality of life and to analyze the difference according to the residence type. The subjects of this study were 422 elderly people aged 65 or older residing in two metropolitan municipalities. The data were analyzed by using structural equation model by multi-group analysis. The results showed that the degree of satisfaction with the residential environment indirectly affected not only the quality of life of the elderly but also social participation activities. As a result of verifying the difference of the residential satisfaction and quality of life path according to the residence type, there was a difference in the route between groups according to the type of residence. This study is significant in that the elderly who have not been interested in the elderly housing policy have been investigated and the relationship between the residential satisfaction and quality of life of the elderly by residence type has been investigated .

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1996

퍼지모델링의 설계 방법을 교통경로선택의 모델동정을 위하여 제안한다. 제안된 퍼지모델은 최적화이론, 퍼지구현규칙을 사용하여 ""IF..., THEN...""의 효율적인 형태로 시스템구조와 파라미터 동정을 시행한다. 이 논문에서 간략추론, 선형추론, 병형된 선형추론의 3가지종류의 퍼지모델링 방법을 제시한다. 이 퍼지추론 방법은 인간의 교통행동의 정확한 추정과 정밀한 묘사를 위해 교통경로선택 모델을 개발하기 위해 이용된다. 퍼지규칙의 전반부 구조와 파라미터를 동정하기 위해 개선된 컴플렉스법을 사용하고, 최적후반부 파라미터를 동정하기 위해 최소자승법이 사용된다. 교통경로선택 데이타가 제안된 퍼지모델 성능을 평가하기 위해 사옹된다. 제안된 방법이 기존의 다른 연구들 - 즉 BL, PS, FL, NN, FNNs 모델 등 - 보다 더 높은 정확도를 가진 퍼지모델을 생성함을 보인다. 생성함을 보인다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1309-1320
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• 2015

본 연구는 시내버스 서비스 수준을 의미하는 노선별 차량 운행대수의 영향을 미치는 운행여건과 상관성 분석에 관한 연구이다. 분석방법은 회귀분석방법을 적용하였으며, 분석대상은 울산시 2013년 기준 98개 노선으로 한정하였다. 상관성분석을 위한 모형 도출을 위해 먼저 상관분석을 실시하여 종속변수인 운행대수와 독립변수인 운행거리, 운송수입금, 운송원가간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 아주 높은 유의수분에서 상관성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 회귀분석은 모형을 3가지 유형으로 구분하여 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째 울산시 98개 버스노선 전체를 대상으로 도출한 모형은 Y(운행대수)=$-4.532+0.00002877*X_1$(운송수입금)인데, 이 의미는 운행대수 1대 증차를 위한 필요조건은 1일 승객 수가 140명 정도 증가하여야 시행할 수 있다는 점을 알려준다. 두 번째는 일반형, 좌석형, 중형으로 구분되는 버스 운행형태별 모형은 일반형의 경우 Y(운행대수)=$-10.954+0.00004283*X_1$(운송수입금), 일반형 시내버스를 1대 증차하기 위해서는 1일 승객 수가 약 153명 정도 증가되어야 시행할 수 있음을 보여주며, 중형의 모형은 Y(운행대수)=$-0.859+0.00001438*X_1$(운송수입금)인데, 이 의미는 1일 승객 수가 약 52명 정도 증가되어야 시행 가능함을 보여준다. 세 번째는 버스노선 운행체계별 모형 분석의 경우, 공동배차제의 경우 Y(운송대수)=$-4.786+0.00003028*X_1$(운송수입금)인데, 이 의미는 운행대수 1대 증차를 위한 필요조건은 1일 승객 수가 약 140명 정도 증가해야만 시행할 수 있으며, 개별노선제의 경우 Y(운행대수)=$-2.339+0.00002030*X_1$(운송수입금)인데, 이 의미는 운행대수 1대 증차를 위한 필요조건은 1일 승객수가 약 140명 정도 증가되어야 시행할 수 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 버스노선 운영체계별로 모형을 도출하여 운영체계가 시내버스 노선별 차량 운행대수에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 두 가지 운영체계 모두 차량 증차를 위한 추진할 경우, 1일 승객 수가 140명 정도는 확보되어야 한다는 공통적인 결론에 도달되었으며, 노선운영체계 특성에 따른 노선별 차량 운영대수 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 분석되었다.