• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rotary evaporation

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Preparation and Evaluation of Solid Composites Containing Choline Alphoscerate

  • Kim, Hoon;Cho, Seong-Wan
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.170-176
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    • 2019
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the mixtures of choline alphoscerate (alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, alpha-GPC), in the liquid form, and sucrose ester, which formed a solid composite. The choline alphoscerate solid composites were prepared using different ratios of sucrose ester, and different preparation methods, such as air drying and rotary evaporation, were compared for their preparation efficacy. We examined the characteristics of the solid composites by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), angle of repose, and moisture content. The ideal mixing ratio of choline alphoscerate and sucrose ester was determined as 1:3 and air drying was found to be more suitable for the preparation of solid composites than rotary evaporation. SEM measurements of the degree of dispersion and the size of particles indicated that a high-temperature air method was more suitable. These results demonstrated the successful preparation of choline alphoscerate solid composites that have potential for industrial use.

Effects of Evaporation on the Weathering Rate and Chemical Composition of Iranian Heavy Crude Oil (이란산 원유의 증발에 따른 풍화율 및 화학적 성상 변화)

  • Kim, Beom;Kim, Gi-Beum;Sim, Won-Joon;Yim, Un-Hyuk
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.238-246
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    • 2012
  • Once oil is spilled into marine environment, it experiences various weathering processes among which evaporation is the most dominant process in the initial stage of weathering. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of evaporation on the physicochemical properties of spilled oil using standardized laboratory experiments. Laboratory evaporation process was successfully reproduced using controlled rotary evaporation method. In case of Iranian Heavy crude (IHC), evaporation rate after 48 hours was $29.3{\pm}0.4%$ (n=40, p<0.001). Evaporation was simulated using ADIOS2 weathering model and the result was in agreement with laboratory experiment. Chemical composition changes of petroleum hydrocarbons including alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers by evaporation rate were also analyzed. As oil evaporated, low molecular weight alkanes and PAHs decreased, while biomakers showed conservative characteristics. Among biomarkers, $17{\alpha}(H)$, $21{\beta}(H)$-hopane was used for calculation of weathering rates, which matched with evaporative mass losses. Weathering rate calculation using hopane showed that stranded oils of weathering stage I (28.9%) and mesocosm oil weathering experiment till 5 days (26.5%) were mainly affected by evaporation process.

Performance Evaluation of a Flash Dryer and a Rotary Kiln Dryer for Upgrading Low Rank Coal (석탄의 고품위화를 위한 기류건조기와 로터리킬른 건조기의 성능 비교평가)

  • Eom, Taegyu;Choi, Sangmin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2015
  • Drying, which is the oldest and most energy-intensive process, is an essential process for treatment of solid product. The specific procedure to design and evaluate the dryers, which are a rotary kiln dryer and a flash dryer, in case of drying the high-moisture coal was described. From determination of size to the heat and mass balance in one-dimensional model were conducted to evaluate the performance of dryers. Heat consumption, inlet gas temperature and size of the dryers were compared between a rotary kiln dryer and a flash dryer. Further considerations to evaluate the reactor elaborately were also discussed. Performance simulation of dryers along with the design procedure described here will provide helpful basis for understanding the concept of reactor design.

Preparation of 5-Fluorouracil-Loaded Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) Wafer and Evaluation of In Vitro Release Behavior

  • Lee, Jin-Soo;Chae, Gang-Soo;An, Tae-Kun;Gilson Khang;Cho, Sun-Hang;Lee, Hai-Bang
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.183-188
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    • 2003
  • The controlled delivery of anticancer agents using biodegradable polymeric implant has been developed to solve the problem of penetration of blood brain barrier and severe systemic toxicity. This study was performed to prepare 5-FU-loaded poly (L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) wafer fabricated microparticles prepared by two different method and to evaluate their release profile for the application of the treatment of brain tumor. 5-FU-loaded PLGA microparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SEM observation of the 5-FU-loaded PLGA microparticles prepared by rotary solvent evaporation method showed that 5-FU was almost surrounded by PLGA and significant reduction of crystallinity of 5-FU was confirmed by XRD. In case of release profile of 5-FU from 5-FU-loaded PLGA wafer fabricated microparticles prepared by mechanical mixing, the release profile of 5-FU followed near first order release kinetics. In contrast to the above result, release profile of 5-FU from 5-FU-loaded PLGA wafer fabricated microparticles prepared by rotary solvent evaporation method followed near zero order release kinetics. These results indicate that preparation method of the 5-FU-loaded PLGA microparticles to fabricate into wafers was contributed to drug release profile.

Ethanol-pretreated Drying of (+)-dihydromyricetin for Removal of Residual Solvents (잔류 용매 제거를 위한 (+)-dihydromyricetin의 에탄올 전처리 건조)

  • Lee, Hee-Gun;Kim, Jin-Hyun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.60 no.2
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    • pp.237-242
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    • 2022
  • In this study, a drying method that can effectively remove residual solvent from (+)-dihydromyricetin was developed. Residual acetone concentration was efficiently removed below ICH-specified value (5,000 ppm) by simple rotary evaporation with ethanol pretreatment. In addition, the residual ethanol met the ICH-specified value (5,000 ppm) by simple rotary evaporation through the addition of water, and the residual moisture also met the specified value (<4%) for active pharmaceutical ingredients. At all the drying temperature (35, 45, and 55 ℃), a large amount of the residual solvent was initially removed during the drying, and the drying efficiency increased when increasing the drying temperature. Removal of residual solvent by ethanol pretreatment was shown to be related to high vapor pressure of acetone-ethanol mixture and hydrogen bonding between acetone and ethanol.

Study on Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Rotary Evaporation of Paclitaxel for Removal of Residual Pentane (파클리탁셀의 잔류 펜탄 제거를 위한 회전증발의 동역학 및 열역학에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Jang Hoon;Ji, Seong-Bin;Kim, Ye-Sol;Lee, Seung-Hyun;Park, Seo-Hui;Kim, Jin-Hyun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.55 no.6
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    • pp.807-815
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    • 2017
  • This study investigated the removal efficiency of residual pentane from paclitaxel according to the drying temperature in the case of rotary evaporation, and performed a kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the drying process. At all the temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, and $45^{\circ}C$), a large amount of the residual solvent was initially removed during the drying, and the drying efficiency increased when increasing the drying temperature. Five drying models (Newton, Page, modified Page, Henderson and Pabis, Geometric) were then used for the kinetic analysis, where the Henderson and Pabis model showed the highest coefficient of determination ($r^2$) and lowest root mean square deviation (RMSD), indicating that these models were the most suitable. Furthermore, in the thermodynamic analysis of the rotary evaporation, the activation energy ($E_a$) was 4.9815 kJ/mol and the standard Gibbs free energy change (${\Delta}G^0$) was negative, whereas the standard enthalpy change (${\Delta}H^0$) and standard entropy change (${\Delta}S^0$) were both positive, indicating that the drying process was spontaneous, endothermic, and irreversible.

Experimental Study of Moisture-Wicking Fabric as Cooling Pad for Novel Rotary Direct Evaporative Cooler

  • Sang-Hwan Park;Jae-Weon Jeong
    • International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.335-341
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    • 2023
  • This study proposes a novel rotary direct evaporative cooler and investigates the potential of a moisture-wicking fabric as a cooling pad for the proposed evaporative cooler. The rotary direct evaporative cooler rotates the cooling pad to reduce the water and energy consumption of the pump compared to those of existing direct evaporative coolers. A moisture-wicking fabric is considered as the material of the cooling pad, because of its high moisture-wicking property, enhancing water evaporation. Experiments are performed under various inlet air conditions while measuring the air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, and differential pressure. The evaporative cooling efficiency and impacts of the inlet air temperature and air velocity on the cooling performance are also evaluated. The results demonstrate the potential of the moisture-wicking fabric as cooling pad of direct evaporative cooler.

Design and Development of Sputter-evaporation System for Micro-wiring on Medical Catheter (의료용 도뇨관 표면의 도선용 구리 박막 증착을 위한 스퍼터링-열증착 연속공정장비의 설계 및 개발)

  • Chang, Jun-Keun;Chung, Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.16 no.3 s.96
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    • pp.62-71
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    • 1999
  • Integrating micro-machined sensors and actuators on the conventional devices with the copper power lines was incompatible to fabricate the mass produced micro electromechanical system (MEMS) devices. To achieve the compatibility of the wiring method between MEMS parts and devices, we developed the three-dimensional sputter-evaporation system that coats micropatterned thin copper films on the surface of the MEMS element. The system consists of a process chamber, two branch chambers, the substrate holder, and a linear-rotary motion feedthrough. Thin copper film was sputtered and evaporated on the biocompatible polymer, Pellethane$^{circed{R}}$ and silicone, catheter that is 2 mm in diameter and 700 mm in length. The metal film coating technique with three-dimensional thin film sputter-evaporation system was developed to apply the power and signal lines on the micro active endoscope. In this paper, we developed the three-dimensional metal film sputter-evaporation system operated on the low temperature for the biopolymeric substrates used in the medical MEMS devices.

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Effect of Concentration Methods on the Quality of Single and Blended Juice Concentrates

  • Lee, Jun-Ho;Sohn, Kyoung-Suck
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.225-229
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    • 2003
  • Clarified apple, carrot and orange juices were prepared using ultrafiltration and their single and blend juices were further concentrated using ultrafiltration, freeze-drying, and rotary evaporation. Effect of concentration methods on the quality of concentrated single juices and juice blends was investigated. Turbidity values of samples concentrated by evaporation were significantly higher than those prepared by ultrafiltration and vacuum freezing regardless of juice source (i.e., apple, orange or carrot) or blending (p<0.05). The highest soluble solids contents were obtained for the samples concentrated by evaporation process. Concentrated apple juice contained significantly higher amount of vitamin C and soluble solids than concentrated orange and carrot juices regardless of concentration methods (p<0.05). For blended samples, no direct relationships between blend ratio and total amount of vitamin C were found; however, samples contained more apple juice showed the highest value of soluble solids regardless of concentration methods.

The Development of Micro Wiring System for Micro Active Endoscope (박막 공정을 이용한 초소형 내시경의 MicroWiring System의 개발)

  • Jung, Seok;Chang, Jun-Keun;Han, Dong-Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1997.04a
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    • pp.362-365
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    • 1997
  • In the field of Micro-Mechanics, it has been known diffcult to integrate the micro-machine with sensor and source line for the conventional copper line cnanot be used in compact and small size. We developed a system to make thethin copper film as a connect line on the poyurethane pipe (2mm in diameter) by the evaporation technique. This system consists of an evaporation chamber two long branches, substrate hoider and a Linear-Rotary motion feed feedthrough. The results showed that thin copper film coated polyurethanc pipe could be applied th the small medical devices such as the micro active endoscope.

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