• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to propose scientific data and to develop complex\ulcornermultifunctional fibers by applying microcapsules containing rosewood oil on wool fabric. Polyurea was used as wall material of microcapsules. The parameters for adoptable condition are 20min of agitation time, 5000rpm of agitation speed, 4% of emulsifier concentration according to the observation with SEM and particle analyzer. The melting peak of microcapsules was shown to be 280$^{\circ}C$ The amount of released rosewood from microcapsules at 25$^{\circ}C$ was below 1 % and at 40% was below 3%. Therefore, polyurea microcapsules is capable of preserving rosewood oil for long self-life at normal temperature. Antimicrobial activity to dry cleaning and ironing cycle of wool fabric treated with microcapsules were maintained.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.66-73
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• 2012

Purpose: This study examines the effect of aroma inhalation therapy with lavender and rosewood essential oils for alleviating fatigue and enhancing quality of sleep in nurse shift workers. Methods: The data were collected from November 9th to 27th in 2009 at four hospitals located in Seoul. Total 60 nurses who started their night-shift works were chosen for the study and allocated to either experimental group or control group. The experimental group had had aroma inhalation therapy with lavender and rosewood for 2 weeks and was compared the level of fatigue and quality of sleep with those of the control group. Results: Significant differences were shown between the experimental group and the control group. After 2 weeks, the nurses in experimental group reported significantly lower level of fatigue and higher quality of sleep compared to the nurses in control group. Conclusion: Therefore, aroma inhalation therapy by using lavender and rosewood essential oils can be an effective intervention for relieving the level of fatigue and enhancing quality of sleepf for nurse shift workers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.410-418
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of Aroma inhalation therapy on test anxiety, stress and serum cortisol in nursing students. Methods: The study design was a pre posttest randomized design with a pre-survey, a 5-day experimental treatment (2012.11.17-21) and a post survey. Participants were 65 students - 31 in the aromatic inhalation group and 34 in the control group. The pre-survey included general demographic characteristics and test anxiety, stress and serum cortisol levels for all students. The experimental group received the aromatic inhalation using aroma oil (mixed Maychang, lavender, rosewood essence - ratio of 3:5:2). Results: The experimental group treated with aromatic inhalation scored significantly lower for test anxiety (t=-2.330 p=.023), physical stress (t=-2.910 p=.005) and psychological stress (t=-3.285 p=.002) compared to the control group. However, there were no differences in serum cortisol levels (t=0.228 p=.820). Conclusion: Results indicate that Aromatic inhalation, using maychang, lavender and rosewood essential oils, contributes significantly to reducing anxiety and stress among nursing students, and can therefore be an effective intervention for anxiety and stress.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2019

Pterocarpus erinaceus is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to semi-arid and Guinean-savanna woodlands of Africa. Natural regeneration on the savanna is being hampered by higher fire frequencies and other land use changes. Simultaneously, demand for timber from the species on the international market is on the rise, raising conservation concerns. To ensure sustainability, good quality seeds, sources of which have not received much research focus, are needed for afforestation. This study investigated how seed quality, germinability and initial seedling growth of P. erinaceus might be influenced by land-use type, mother tree size as well as source and timing of fruit harvest, using both correlational and experimental approaches. The results showed that up to 94.6% of all harvested fruits contained seeds, with no differences found between fruits harvested from cultivated and non-cultivated lands. Percentage of (sound) unblemished seeds was found to be higher for fruits harvested early March (47.3%) than fruits from late April (39.5%). Percentage sound seeds was 41.4% for dispersed fruits (i.e. detached fruits picked from under mother trees) which was not found to differ from undispersed fruits (i.e. fruits harvested while still attached to mother trees) at 45.5%. Also, the influence of fruit harvest time was not found to be different for dispersed and undispersed fruits. Correlations between seed set (proportion of fruits containing seeds) and mother tree size (both tree height and DBH) were found to be very low and non-significant for both dispersed and undispersed fruits. Across mother trees, mean emergence percent was 79.7%, and mean seedling height at three weeks following emergence was 5.32 cm. Both emergence percentage and seedling height were not found to differ among mother trees, but seeds from dispersed fruits had a higher emergence percent (85%) than seeds from undispersed fruits (74%). Implications of findings are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.63-72
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• 2014

Objectives: This is an experimental study that attempts to define the effect that self-aromatherapy massage has on depression and satisfaction with life of depressed college students. Methods: Of the total 41 participants, 21 were designated as the experimental group and 20 as the control group. The participants were subject to massages; lavender, sweet orange, mandarin, rosewood, and bergamot aromas diluted to the concentration of 2% in jojoba oil, the carrier oil, were used on the experimental group, and only jojoba oil was used on the control group. Self-aromatherapy massages were conducted for 10 minutes per session, 3 times a week in alternating days, in a period of 2 weeks, and the depression points and satisfaction with life scale were measured before and after massages. Results: This study revealed that there was a statistically significant decrease of depression points in the experimental group, and that there was no significant difference of life satisfaction in both groups. Conclusions: Thus, it is thought self-aromatherapy massages could be used as a practical method of self-mediation that alleviates depression in depressed college students.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.161-169
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• 1998

A clinical analysis was carried out for 19 patients who was treated in Dept. of Neuropsychiatry of Taejon Oriental Medicine Hospital from I aug. 1997 to 31 Jul. 1998 and was ruled out as anxiety disorder. The results were summarized as follows. 1. In the distribution of the sex, ratio between female and male was 1:2.8, distribution of the age was even each age, and the primary motive of the onset were psychological trauma, question of money, discord of a household. 2. As for the duration in disease, the duration from a week to a month had a majority of all, and the most duration of the addmission-treatment was a week. 3. The most common symptom were palpitation ·anxiety, headache·dizziness, chest discomfort, the cases of generalized anxiety disorder and atypical anxiety disorder was a large number. 4. In the aromatherapy of absorptive method, the sort of many used essential oil were Lavenda and Rosewood, in the massage, that were Peppermint and Rosemary. 5. The most used recipes were BUNSIMKIYEM(分心氣飮) HACHULBOSIMTANG(夏朮補心湯), CHUNGGANSOYOSAN(淸肝逍遙散), BANHABAEKCHUCHUNMATANG(半夏白朮天麻湯), CUIBIONDAMTANG(歸脾溫膽湯) etc. 6. In the judgement of efficacy, 9 cases showed good efficacy, 9 cases showed no change, 1 case showed excellent efficacy.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.68-76
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• 2012

Purpose: The study was designed to verify effects of aromatherapy on depression, anxiety and the autonomic nervous system in breast cancer patients who are undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods: Data were collected from November 2006 through March 2007 at the C university hospital in Seoul. The study included 33 patients and they were assigned to three groups. Group I had aroma oil inhalation for 2 minutes per time, three times a day for six weeks whereas Group II and a control group inhaled aroma oil for 2 minutes per time, once a day for six weeks. For Groups I and II, a mixture of lemon, lavender, rosewood and rose essential oils were used while control group inhaled tea tree oil. Results: Depression was significantly decreased in patients in the experimental groups only. In Groups I and II patients, anxiety level was lower than that in control patients. Patients in Groups I and II also showed stronger physical resistance to stress than control group patients. Conclusion: Aromatherapy should be considered as a method that can significantly decrease depression in breast cancer patients who are undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2000

The clinical study was carried out the 41 patients with conversion disorder who were treated in Dae Jeon University Oriental Hospital from 26 september 1998 to 21 september 2000.The results were summarized as follows.1. The ratio of male and female was 4:37 and in the age distribution, the highest frequence was 40s, in descending order over 50s, 30s, 20s, 10s and mental attack was the most inducing factor.2. In distribution of the period of the clinical history. within one day was the highest percentage and in admission period most of the patients were from four days to seven days.3. In symptoms and signs, physical symptoms were more than mental symptoms, physical symptoms had many muscle-skeleton-system symptoms and they were in descending order general body weakness. headache, anorexia, chest discomfort, dyspepsia, dizziness, four extremities numbness, insomnia, dysarthria, anxiety, four extremities tremor. palpitation. nausea, vomiting, facial numbness.4. In classification of Four Human coporeal constitution the number of patients, Sho-Eum-In(少陰人) was remarked mostly and most of female patients had no past history of the conversion disorder.5. In distribution of the prescription, drugs of regulating gi such as BUNSIMGIEUM(分心氣飮) were many, in descending order drugs of growing heart and warming gall bladder such as ONDAMTANGGAMI(溫膽湯加味), drugs of maintaining patency for the flow of gi such as CHUNGGANSOYOSAN(淸肝逍遙散), drugs of decomposing food and asending gi such as PYUNGJINGUNBITANG(平陳健脾湯), drugs of storing blood and relaxing the mind such as SAMULGUIBITANG(四物歸脾湯). drugs of removing sputum and cooling heart such as CHUNGSIMDODAMTANG 淸心導痰湯).6. In distribution of the treatments, the group of drug and acupuncture and aroma-therapy was many, in acup uncture TAEGUKCHIMBUP(太極針法) was mainly used. in therapy inhalation type of Lavender and Rosewood was many and the type of Peppermint and Rosemary massaging epigastric-chest, and neck was many.7. In distribution of the treatment result, in 15 patients(36.6%) symptoms were eliminated from four to seven days, in 13 patients(31.7%) symptoms were not changed. in 12 patients(29.3%) symptoms were eliminated from two to three days. in 1 patients(2.4%) symptoms were eliminated whin one day.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.291-302
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• 2019

In this paper, we first looked at the structures and characteristics of the musical instrument to study the tone of haegeum, which is the only Korean musical instrument made using all the eight ingredients that make gugak instruments, and which is now the most frequently used in fusion gugak or pop music production sites. In addition, for the comparison of the various tones of the haegeum, under the same conditions, we analized how the haegeum's tone changes according to the types of Wonsan, which works as the bridge of the haegeum. Four Wonsan made of Park, Rosewood, Maple and Black Dan were used in the experiment, and low, medium, and high notes were recorded to compare the inner and outter open strings and the sound ranges. By doing so, we looked at the composition of frequency characteristics and the distribution and analyzed the timbres according to the types of Wonsan. Based on this study, it is expected to help the performers in the field choose the proper Wonsan according to each harmony part, rather than just to their tastes when performing Gugak orchestral music or haegeum ensemble. We also look forward to playing haegeum and using the timbres in various combinations of Wonsan that suit the genres at the pop music industry.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2007

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary botanicals (herbs and plant extracts) on the performance, nutrient metabolizability, small intestinal microflora, IgG level and blood parameters in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, 1,000 (500 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were divided into 20 groups of 50 chickens each(25 birds each sex). Four groups were assigned to each of five dietary treatments:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Herb M(Herb $mix^{(R)}$), Plant extract B(BIOSTRONG $510^{(R)}$) and Plant extract A($APEX^{(R)}$). In Exp. 2, 240(120 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were devided into six treatment groups:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Plant extract D($Digestarom^{(R)}$), Plant extract P($Phellozyme^{(R)}$), Plant extract G($Galicin^{(R)}$) and Plant extract C(CRINA $POULTRY^{(R)}$). Each treatment consisted of four replicates of 10 birds each. In both experiments, birds had free access to diets and water for 5 wk on floor pens(Exp. 1) and cages(Exp. 2). In Exp.1, production index of groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts was slightly higher than the control and those fed Herb M was highest. In Exp. 2, groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts consumed more feed than the control during the period between 4 and 5 wk(P<0.05). Feed conversion(feed/gain) was lower in antibiotics group than other groups. The values of RBC, Hb and HCT were higher(P<0.05) in chicken fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 1. BA value was lower(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 2. Serum IgG were higher(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in both experiments. The cfu of intestinal microflora and metabolizability of nutrients were not significantly different among treatments in both experiments. It was concluded that the botanical supplements can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler diets.