• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.133-145
• /
• 2006

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relations between Children's peer victimization, self-esteem, and loneliness with a sample of 494 elementary school students (293 boys and 231 girls) living in Pusan. Data was analyzed by correlations and regressions. Children's direct/indirect peer victimization were positively related to loneliness. Expecially, indirect peer victimization was more positively related to loneness than direct peer victimization was. Children's self-esteem was negatively related to loneliness. Children's direct/indirect peer victimization were negatively related to self-esteem. Expecially, direct peer victimization was more negatively related to self-esteem than indirect peer victimization was. In boys, self-esteem tended to play a perfectly mediating role between indirect peer victimization and loneliness. In girls, self-esteem tended to play a partially mediating role between direct peer victimization and loneliness.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.8 no.1 s.18
• /
• pp.95-110
• /
• 1999

Louis Kahn has overcome the limits of Functionalist Architecture and reconnect the classical tradition to Modern Architecture. With a point of view that his special approach to historical precidents enabled him to contribute broaden the hiorizon of Modern Architecture, this paper trys to investigate and analyse Kahn's typological thoughts and practice in Architecture. In many ways his a priory and metaphysical thoughts on Architecture proved to be very similar to typology of 18th Century Neo-Classicism. And the geometry of Kahn's Architecture play a important role with respects to his typology. As a form-generator and 'parti' his geometry and its composition play a intemediate role to connect Form and Design and to realize the concrete structure. Therefore, the concept of his Form could be called an archetype and geometry be a kind of type in his architecture

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.157-177
• /
• 2008

Sportswear, including sports shoes, becomes a common and popular category because it gives young people a more relax lifestyle and greater versatility and comfort. It is believed that consumers prefer products of developed countries to products of developing or underdeveloped countries. This study tries to compare consumer behaviors for sports shoes in China and Korea. Our research model analyzed relationships among country-of-origin, perceived quality, perceived price, brand image and purchase intention for sports shoes in Korea and China. The country-of-origin was not found to play a significant role in Korea. But it was found to positively influence perceived quality in China. Brand image was found to play an important role in influencing perceived quality and perceived price in Korea and China. Perceived quality was found to influence positively purchase intention in both countries. Perceived price was found to negatively influence purchase intention in China. Implications drawn from this study were discussed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.197-203
• /
• 1985

It was attempted to observe the effect of garlic on the hepatic glutathione s-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activity in this study. Glutathione s-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) are thought to play a physiological role in initiating the detoxication of potential alkylating agents, inclnding pharmacologically active compounds. Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1. 11. 1. 9) might play an important role in the protection of cellular structures against oxidative challenge. The activities of glutathione s-transferase and glutathione peroxidase in rat liver were increased by the treatment of garlic juice. Allicin fraction, heat-treated allicin fraction and garlic butanol fraction markedly inhibited glutathione s-transferase activity in vitro, whereas glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly increased in heat-treated allicin fraction and garlic butanol fraction.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.275-285
• /
• 2014

Macrophages, found in circulating blood as well as integrated into several tissues and organs throughout the body, represent an important first line of defense against disease and a necessary component of healthy tissue homeostasis. Additionally, macrophages that arise from the differentiation of monocytes recruited from the blood to inflamed tissues play a central role in regulating local inflammation. Studies of macrophage activation in the last decade or so have revealed that these cells adopt a staggering range of phenotypes that are finely tuned responses to a variety of different stimuli, and that the resulting subsets of activated macrophages play critical roles in both progression and resolution of disease. This review summarizes the current understanding of the contributions of differentially polarized macrophages to various infectious and inflammatory diseases and the ongoing effort to develop novel therapies that target this key aspect of macrophage biology.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.6 no.7
• /
• pp.1909-1918
• /
• 1999

The terrestrial/satellite hybrid network may replace or supply the terrestrial network in some areas or certain applications. For example, it may play a major role in global B-ISDN or in certain areas where the deployment of optical cable is not feasible, especially at the early stage of implementing terrestrial B-ISDN. Furthermore, it can play an important role in the development of B-ISDN due to their features of flexible wide coverage, independent of ground distances and geographical constraints, multiple access and multipoint broadcast. Also, satellite have the capability to supply terrestrial B-ISDN/ATM with flexible links for access networks as well as trunk networks. This paper describes the design and verification of the interworking protocol between terrestrial B-ISDN뭉 satellite network. For the verification, the designed interworking protocol is modeled by Petri-net and the model is analyzed by reachability tree.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.49-71
• /
• 2004

Using panel data, this paper investigates the impacts of the strengthening of intellectual property rights (IPRs) on innovative activity. The estimation results indicate the following important implications. First, IPRs alone do not play a significant role. Second, the effect of IPRs is strong and significant only when it is interacted with complementary environments for innovation. This finding suggests that IPRs play a significant role only via a specific channel of interaction such as the stage of economic development, institutional environment and trade openness. Third, the significant correlation is not identical across countries implying that some countries were positively affected while others were negatively affected. Those countries are identified as well.

• Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease
• /
• v.6 no.6
• /
• pp.279-283
• /
• 2018

Asthma is considered a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Mounting evidence reports that patients with asthma are at significantly higher risk of developing communicable diseases such as invasive pneumococcal disease, Haemophilus influenza, varicella, measles, pertussis and tetanus. While impaired innate immunity may play a role in increased risk of developing these infections, suboptimal adaptive immune responses have also been reported to play a role in asthmatic subjects with regard to increased risk of infections. This review discusses the currently underrecognized immunological effect of asthma on antibody to vaccines and recommends that clinicians be aware of less optimal antibody production in response to vaccines in subjects with asthma.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of exaggerated advertisements in the Korean oral hygiene product market and to urge dental hygienists to play the role of experts. The exaggerated advertisements on the largest online shopping platform in Korea were investigated. Searches were performed with keywords related to oral hygiene, such as "bad breath" and "tartar", and product names of 1,000 products listed at the top were investigated to select the suspicious ones. The situation was found to be grave; for example, a mouthwash capable of preventing coronavirus disease, which lacks scientific evidence, and a self-tartar remover that did not guarantee safety or performance were being sold. Strict government supervision is required, and dental hygienists must be urged to play an active role as oral health experts.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2019

Caveolae are small plasma membrane invaginations that play many roles in signal transduction, endocytosis, mechanoprotection, lipid metabolism. The most important protein in caveolae is the integral membrane protein, caveolin, which is divided into three families such as caveolin 1, caveolin 2, and caveolin 3. Caveolin 1 and 3 are known to incorporate palmitate through linkage to three cysteine residues. Regulation of the protein palmitoylation cycle is important for the cellular processes such as intracellular localization of the target protein, membrane association, conformation, protein-protein interaction, and activity. However, the detailed aspect of individual palmitoylation has not been studied. In the present work, the role of each lipid modification at three cysteines was studied by NMR. Our results suggest that each lipid modification at the natively palmitoylation site has its own roles. For example, lipidations to C106 and C129 are play a role in structural stabilization, however, interestingly, lipid modification to C116 interrupts the structural stabilization.