• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2013

PURPOSES: The purpose of this paper is to estimate expected effects on traffic operational and economic aspects of 2+1 roads application in Korea. METHODS : Micro simulation study using VISSIM 5.0 was used to analyze the operation efficiency of 2+1 roads compared to two-lane highways and four-lane highways. Some scenarios for various traffic volumes were set up in order to analyze the effect of 2+1 roads under various traffic situations. Also imaginary road networks were set up for each type of roads. The MOEs to measure the operation efficiency were selected with average travel speed and delay. For analyzing economic effect of 2+1 roads, construction cost of a specific imaginary 2+1 road was compared to construction cost of a four-lane highway with same conditions. RESULTS: The results of study show that a 2+1 road is more effective with 19 percents higher average travel speed and 39 percents lower average delay than a two-lane highway. In the economic analysis, construction costs to construct a 2+1 road are saved as approximately 26.4~40.7 percents when compared to construction of four-lane highway. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that 2+1 roads can improve the traffic operational level of service for two-lane highways and 2+1 roads can be applied as an effective design alternative for higher-volume two-lane highways in Korea.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.657-664
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• 2020

We investigate the impact of roads and highways within the provinces on the regional trade of China using the augmented Gravity Model and theory of modeling trade. We take a panel data covering 31 provinces of China over 20 years period (1998-2017) for the estimations. We apply ARMA-OLS model, fixed and random effects, and robust findings by Hausman test. The results imply that road and highway lengths within the provinces have a significantly positive impact on the value of the province-wise exports. The positive impact is due to the fact the increased coverage of roads and highways increase accessibility to resources and mobility of goods and services within the regions. Moreover, employment in the transportation sector, per capita GDP and population of the provinces also illustrate positive and significant influence on regional exports and trade. The impact of China's WTO accession on regional exports has been positive, while the financial crisis has had a negative impact. The year dummies show that, in the years following the financial crisis, China was able to regress from the external shock as trade within the provinces increased. The increase in exports after financial crisis is mainly due to the government policies and support to every province.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2024

As the distribution of vehicles and logistics increases due to the development of human civilization and the increase in population, various roads play an important role in domestic traffic and transportation. However, the recent emergence of large cities and new cities is causing traffic problems, and the increase in roads is inevitable for the smooth distribution of vehicles and logistics. In Korea, mountainous regions occupy 70% of the country, so tunnels are used to open roads. Without this, it is difficult to open the road. Currently, there are 3,720tunnels (as of December 31, 2023) installed on high-speed national highways, general national highways, and local roads nationwide, with a length of 2.499 and increasing every year. Accordingly, fire accidents in tunnels will also increase, and due to the nature of tunnel fire accidents, there is a high probability that they will escalate into large-scale disasters, resulting in casualties and property damage, as well as significant social losses due to the disruption of logistics transportation, etc. As the possibility of potential hazards is increasing, the purpose of this study is to build a safe and efficient tunnel system by optimizing maintenance and management for fire and disaster accidents in tunnels.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

현재 지방부 도로의 50% 이상을 차지하고 있는 양방향 2차로 도로는 4차로 도로로 확장하기에는 장래 교통량이 부족하지만 양방향 2차로 도로로 계속 운영하기에는 교통량이 많은 문제점이 발생되고 있는 경우가 많다. 또한 양방향 2차로도로의 추월행태에 따른 교통사고 위험과 사고 심각도가 높은 문제 해결을 위하여 2+1차로 도로의 도입을 검토하게 되었는데, 유럽의 여러 국가에서는 양방향 2차로 도로를 2+1차로 도로로 신설 또는 확장함으로써 예산 투자 효율화와 안전성 향상의 효과를 거둔 사례가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 영국, 독일, 스웨덴, 아일랜드, 핀란드 등에서 운영하고 있는 2+1차로 도로 사례를 검토하고 이를 국내 양방향 2차로 도로 개선방안의 하나로 도입하기 위한 가능성을 모색하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 연구를 통해 국내 도로에 2+1차로 도로를 도입하는 경우 적정 교통량 수준을 산출하고, 이를 이용하여 2+1차로 도로의 계획기준을 개발하였다. 2+1차로 도로가 감당할 수 있는 교통량 수준을 시뮬레이션 프로그램 VISSIM(5.0)을 이용하여 분석하였고, 이를 국내 양방향 2차로 도로의 도로환경 조건을 고려하여 보정한 결과 중차량 비율에 따라 7,300대/일에서 17,000대/일 정도로 분석되었다. 이는 독일 등 유럽의 2+1차로 도로에서 관측된 최대교통량에 비해 약간 작은 값이고, 아일랜드의 관측 최대교통량(17,250대/일)과 유사한 값이다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2021

Purpose: There have been increasing concerns about serious traffic accidents on highways. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting traffic accidents on highways and the severity of the resulting injuries. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a regional trauma center. We reviewed 594 patients who had been in 114 traffic accidents on highways from January 2018 to June 2020. We collected demographic data, clinical data, accident-related factors, and meteorological data (weather and temperature). Results: Environmental risk factors were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of traffic accidents on highways. Injury severity and the death rate were higher in sedans than in any other type of vehicle. Tunnels were the most common location of accidents, accounting for 47 accidents (41.2%) and 269 injured patients (45.3%). The injury severity of individuals riding in the driver's seat (front seat) was high, regardless of vehicle type. Three meteorological risk factors were found to be significantly associated with traffic accidents: rainy roads (odds ratio [OR] 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.84-3.29; p=0.01), icy or snowy roads (OR 5.12; 95% CI 2.88-7.33; p<0.01), and foggy conditions (OR 2.94; 95% CI 2.15-4.03; p<0.05). Conclusions: The injury severity of patients was affected by seat position and type of vehicle, and the frequency of accident was affected by the location. The incidence of traffic accidents was strongly influenced by meteorological conditions (rain, snow/ice, and fog).

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 도시와는 특성이 다른 농촌의 공간적 범위를 대상으로 이용빈도가 높은 가로에서 주민들이 체감하는 녹시율을 분석하고, 가로특성을 조사하여 가로특성이 녹시율에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 충남 예산군을 대상으로 녹시율 분석을 위해 가로 유형을 분류한 후, 인공녹지, 자연녹지, 생산녹지를 포함한 가로 녹시율과 가로 내 가로수만을 대상으로 한 가로수 녹시율을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 예산군의 가로 녹시율은 국도가 15.93%, 지방도는 26.14%, 군도는 28.28%, 면도는 24.72%, 리도는 40.70%, 농도는 32.78%, 도시계획도로는 18.36%로 분석되었고, 가로수 녹시율은 국도는 5.02%, 지방도는 9.10%, 군도는 8.55%, 면도는 4.51%, 리도는 6.92%, 농도는 2.56%, 도시계획도로는 9.39%로 분석되었다. 가로의 특성이 녹시율에 미치는 인자를 알아보고자 가로변 토지이용 형태, 차선의 형태, 가로수의 유·무, 보도의 유·무를 분석하여 녹시율에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 가로변 토지이용, 차선의 형태, 보도의 유·무가 가로 녹시율과 가로수 녹시율에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었으며, 타 연구들과의 비교를 통해 예산군의 녹시율 개선이 필요함을 도출하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2005

도로분류체계는 도로의 기능. 설계기준을 정의하기 위한 기초가 된다. 본 연구는 요인분석을 활용한 일반국도 유형분류에 대해 다루고 있다. 이를 위해 2004년도 상시 교통량 조사지점에서 수집된 교통자료를 이용한 요인분석을 수행함으로써 일반국도를 유형별로 분류하였다. 적용된 변수는 총 9개로 AADT(연평균 일교통량), $K_{30}$(설계시간계수) $D_{30}$(중방항계수), 중차량 비율, 주간 교통량 비율, 첨두율, 일요일 계수, 휴가철 계수, 그리고 COV(변동계수)이다. 요인분석 결과, 교통량 변동 특성 요인과 중차량 및 방향별 특성요인이 추출되었다. 군집분석 결과 전체 353개 상시지점이 3개의 그룹으로 분류되었으며 그룹 I은 관광부도로, 그룹 II는 지방부도로, 그룹 III은 도시부도로로 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2015

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology to prioritize sidewalk construction on rural national highways. METHODS : In order to determine an appropriate prioritization for sidewalk construction, we developed a specific methodology. The proposed methodology includes three main steps: 1) Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods, 2) Subjective evaluation of relevant road agencies for the candidate sidewalks along rural national highways, and 3) Field study conduction. Each step has four phases. The primary feature of this methodology is the addition of expert consultation and survey data, as well as a field study. In addition, the method could guarantee flexibility in selection for evaluation criteria. As a result, the proposed methodology could be used as a general procedure for application to other roadway classifications when considering sidewalk construction. RESULTS: In order to demonstrate the reasonableness of the proposed methodology, a case study was performed for exactly 100 candidate sites for sidewalk construction on rural national highways. All required evaluation scores were properly produced for each candidate site. By doing so, decision-makers can determine the priority for sidewalk construction at these sites by reviewing quantitatively and qualitatively considered data. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the case study can be applied to a long-term fundamental plan for sidewalk construction on rural national highways. Furthermore, this methodology could be employed to prioritize a small-scale SOC project(e. g. bicycle or pedestrian roads).

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2022

In order to ensure reliability the high-level automated driving such as Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) and universal robot taxi provided by autonomous driving systems, the operation with high integrity must be generated within the defined Operation Design Domain (ODD). For this, the position and posture accuracy requirements of autonomous driving systems based on the safety driving requirements for autonomous vehicles and domestic road geometry standard are necessarily demanded. This paper presents localization requirements for safe road driving of autonomous ground vehicles based on the requirements of the positioning system installed on autonomous vehicle systems, the domestic road geometry standard and the dimensions of the vehicle to be designed. Based on this, 4 Protection Levels (PLs) such as longitudinal, lateral, vertical PLs, and attitude PL are calculated. The calculated results reveal that the PLs are more strict to urban roads than highways. The defined requirements can be used as a basis for guaranteeing the minimum reliability of the designed autonomous driving system on roads.

• 기술사
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2013

The total estimated socioeconomic logistics cost in transportation sector, including traffic congestion, household travel expenses, national macroeconomic logistics and traffic accident related cost, amount to approximately 240 trillion won a year in 2009. The amount is in increasing trend every year due to the inefficient infrastructure system in urban city roads and in intercity highways. The Government adopts the 4th National Spatial Planning (Revised) which is in progress in order to build a new physical environment ensuring people's welfare by providing the efficient and sustainable transportation networking system.