• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of panels that affect the evaluating results of riding quality and to evaluate the appropriateness of roughness management criteria based on ride comfort satisfaction. METHODS : In order to analyze the influence of panel characteristics of riding quality, 33 panels, consisting of civilians and experts, were selected. Also, considering the roughness distribution of the expressway, 35 sections with MRI ranging from 1.17 m/km to 4.65 m/km were selected. Each panel boarded a passenger car and evaluated the riding quality with grades from 0 to 10, and assessed whether it was satisfied or not. After removing outlier results using a box plot technique, 964 results were analyzed. An ANOVA was conducted to evaluate the effects of panel expertise, age, driving experience, vehicle ownership, and gender on the evaluation results. In addition, by using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, the MRI value, which can most accurately evaluate the satisfaction with riding quality, was derived. Then, the compatibility of MRI was evaluated using AUC as a criterion to assess whether the riding quality was satisfactory. RESULTS : Only the age of the panel participants were found to have an effect on the riding quality satisfaction. It was found that satisfaction with riding quality and MRI are strongly correlated. The satisfaction rate of roughness management criteria on new (MRI 1.6 m/km) and maintenance (MRI 3.0 m/km) expressways were 95% and 53%, respectively. As a result of evaluating the roughness management criteria by using the ROC curve, it was found that the accuracy of satisfaction was the highest at MRI 3.1-3.2 m/km. In addition, the AUC of the MRI was about 0.8, indicating that the MRI was an appropriate index for evaluating the riding quality satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results, the distribution of the panels' age should be considered when panel rating is conducted. From the results of the ROC curve, MRI of 3.0 m/km, which is a criterion of roughness management on maintenance expressways, is considered as appropriate.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2002

국내 아스팔트 포장은 중차량 교통량의 증가와 겨울철 및 여름철의 온도차이가 크게나는 환경조건하에서 공용되고 있다. 이러한 요인으로 인하여 포장 조기파손의 대부분인 소성변형의 문제점이 심각하며, 이에 대한 개선책으로 개질 아스팔트의 적용에 대한 연구들이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 대부분의 개질 아스팔트의 사용이 표층을 절삭하고 택코팅후 시공되고 있으며, 신설도로의 포장이 아닌 유지보수에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 부산지방국토관리청 산하의 신설국도의 도로포장현장에 개질 아스팔트 혼합물이 적용된 기층 위에 표층용 개질 아스팔트인 SBS PMA 혼합물과 PSMA 혼합물에 대하여 2차로로 200m를 시험 시공하였으며. 나머지 구간은 일반밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물로 시공하였으며, 시공에 사용된 재료에 대한 실내시험을 통한 공용성 및 장기 공용성 평가를 실시하고자 하였다. 실내 실험은 마샬안정도시험, 강도시험과 휠트랙킹 시험을 하여 분석하였으며, 현장의 시험 시공시 온도관리 및 평탄성에 대한 평가를 기초로 향후 장기 공용성 평가와 LCC 분석을 실시하여 가장 경제적인 개질 아스팔트를 평가하여 설계에 반영하고자 한다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1998

고속도로 등의 대형 구조물의 표면 요철을 측정하기 위한 높은 반복율의 광학적 근 거리 측정기를 개발하였다. 삼각 측정법의 원리에 의한 거리 계측을 위해, 광원으로는 발광 다이오드를 사용하였으며 물체에서 반사된 광의 각도 검출기로는 1차원 위치 감응 광 검출기를 사용하였다. 개발된 거리 측정기는 물체의 반사율 변화를 극복하기 위한 자동 전력 조절 기능과 일정한 배경 광잡음은 물론 시간에 대해 변하는 배경 광잡음까지도 제거할 수 있는 전기적 배경잡음 제거기능을 갖고 있다. 거리 측정기의 장착 및 요철의 깊이를 고려하여 설정된 $22{\sim}38cm$의 측정거리에 대한 실험결과, 물체의 반사율에 관계없이 ${\pm}1.5mm$ 이내의 측정오차를 보였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2000

포장의 합리적 유지관리를 위해서는 기본적으로 포장의 상태를 객관적으로 평가하고, 평가한 자료를 이용하여 경제성 분석을 실시함으로써 최적의 보수공법 및 보수우선순위를 결정해야 한다. 전체적인 포장 상태를 객관적으로 평가하기 위해서는 포장상태 평가지수와 같은 단일화된 평가 기준이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 고속도로 콘크리트 포장에 적합한 포장상태 평가지수를 개발하기 위하여 현장 상세조사 및 포장평가위원회의 평가를 실시하고, 그 결과의 회귀분석을 통해 포장평가지수를 개발하였다. 또한 개발된 포장평가지수를 이용하여 포장유지관리에서 이용되기 위한 보수공법그룹을 제시하였다. 개발된 포장평가지수의 상관계수는 0.68이었으며, 콘크리트 포장평가지수에 사용된 독립변수들은 종단평탄성, 균열, 패칭 등이었다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.772-777
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• 2006

An acoustic finite element model of a bridge is developed to evaluate the noise generated by the traffic-induced vibration of the bridge. The dynamic response of a multi-girder bridge, modeled by a 3-dimensional frame element model, is analyzed with a 3-axle(8DOF) truck model and a 5-axle(l3DOF) semi-trailer. The flat plate element is used to analyze the acoustic pressure due to the fluid-structure interactions between the vibrating surface and contiguous acoustic fluid medium. The radiation fields of noise with a specified distribution of vibrating velocity and pressure on the structural surface are also computed using the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral. In an attempt to illustrate the influence of the structural vibration noise of a bridge to total noise level around the bridge, the random function is used to generate the vehicle noise source including the engine noise and the rolling noise interacting between the road and tire. Among the diverse parameters affecting the dynamic response of bridge, the vehicle velocity, the vehicle weight, the spatial distribution of the road surface roughness, the stiffness degradation of the bridge and the variation of the air temperature changing the air density are found to be the main factors that increase the level of vibration noise. Consequently, The amplification rate of noise increases with the traveling speed and the vehicle weight.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2017

PURPOSES: This study aims to evaluate the effects of vehicle dynamic behaviors on ride quality. METHODS : Simulation and field test were conducted to analyze the behavior of a driving vehicle. The simulation program CarSIM was applied and an INS (Inertial Navigation System) was used for field experiments. A small simulator was developed to simulate vehicle behavior such as roll, pitch, and bounce. The panels evaluated the ride quality in five stages from "very satisfied"to "very dissatisfied."Experiments were conducted on a total of 144 cases of vehicle behavior combinations. RESULTS :In both simulation and field tests, pitch is the largest and yaw the smallest. Especially in the field test, the amount of yaw is very low, about 7% of pitch and 18% of roll. The sensitive and extensive analysis conducted related ride quality with changing the frequency and amplitude. It was found that the most sensitive frequency range is 8 Hz across all amplitudes. Moreover, the combination of the roll and bounce was most sensitive to the ride quality at the low-frequency range. CONCLUSIONS : This result show that the vertical vehicle behavior (bounce) as well as the rotational behavior (roll and pitch) are highly correlated with ride quality. Therefore, it is expected that a more reasonable roughness index can be developed through a combination of vertical and rotational vehicle behavior.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.457-468
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• 2017

When studying the vibration of a suspension bridge based on the traffic-bridge coupled system, most researchers ignored the contribution of the pavement response. For example, the pavement was simplified as a rigid base and the deformation of pavement was ignored. However, the action of deck pavement on the vibration of vehicles or bridges should not be neglected. This study is mainly focused on establishing a new methodology fully considering the effects of bridge deck pavement, probabilistic traffic flows, and varied road roughness conditions. The bridge deck pavement was modeled as a boundless Euler-Bernoulli beam supported on the Kelvin model; the typical traffic flows were simulated by the improved Cellular Automaton (CA) traffic flow model; and the traffic-pavement-bridge coupled equations were established by combining the equations of motion of the vehicles, pavement, and bridge using the displacement and interaction force relationship at the contact locations. The numerical studies show that the proposed method can more rationally simulate the effect of the pavement on the vibrations of bridge and vehicles.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 수치영상을 이용하여 아스팔트 콘크리트포장 도로를 대상으로 차량에 비디오 카메라를 설치하여 도로에서 일정하게 차량속도를 유지하면서 촬영된 수치 영상정보로 객체 지향적인 언어인 Delphi를 이용하여 도로노면정보(균열, 소성변형, 종평탄성)를 획득할 수 있는 도로노면 관리시스템을 개발하고, 개발된 시스템은 동영상 및 그래프를 이용하여 시각화 효과를 증진시킬 수 있도록 하였다. 다중영상표정과 광속조정법에 의해 결정된 도로노면의 3차원 좌표의 정확도를 분석한 결과 표준 오차의 평균은 X방향으로 0.0427m, Y방향으로 0.0527m, Z방향으로 0.1539m로 나타났다. 이 값은 우리나라에서 현재 제작하여 사용하고 있는 축척 1:1,000 이하의 지도제작 및 GIS 자료로서 충분히 활용성이 있다. 수치영상을 이용하여 12개소에 대하여 균열폭의 정확도를 분석한 결과 표준오차가 ${\pm}0.256mm$로 정밀도가 아주 높게 나타났으며, 또한 소성변형량을 비교하기 위하여 4개소의 실측된 횡단면과 영상으로부터 추출된 횡단면을 비교한 결과 최대 오차는 10.80mm로 나타났으나, 작업능률면에서는 실용성이 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to develop a pavement rehabilitation decision tree considering current pavement condition by evaluating severity and distress types such as roughness, cracking and rutting. METHODS : To improve the proposed overall rehabilitation decision tree, current decision tree from Korea and decision trees from other countries were summarized and investigated. The problem when applying the current rehabilitation method obtained from the decision tree applied in Seoul was further analyzed. It was found that the current decision trees do not consider different distress characteristics such as crack type, road types and functions. Because of this, different distress values for IRI, crack rate and plastic deformation was added to the proposed decision tree to properly recommend appropriate pavement rehabilitation. Utilizing the 2017 Seoul pavement management system data and considering all factors as discussed, the proposed overall decision tree was revised and improved. RESULTS :In this study, the type of crack was included to the decision tree. Meanwhile current design thickness and special asphalt mixture were studied and improved to be applied on different pavement condition. In addition, the improved decision tree was incorporated with the Seoul asphalt overlay design program. In the case of Seoul's rehabilitation budget, rehabilitation budget can be optimized if a 25mm milling and overlay thickness is used. CONCLUSIONS:A practical and theoretical evaluation tool in pavement rehabilitation design was presented and proposed for Seoul City.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

Noise-barriers on both sides of the roadway (hereafter referred to as double noise-barriers), are a common feature along roads in Korea, and these are expected to have important effects on the near-road air pollution dispersion of vehicle emissions. This study evaluated the double noise-barrier impact on near-road air pollution dispersion, using a FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The realizable k-${\varepsilon}$ model in FLUENT CFD code was used to simulate vehicle air pollutant dispersion, in around 11 cases of double noise-barriers. The simulated concentration profiles and surface concentrations under no barrier cases were compared with the experimental results. The results of the simulated flows show the following three regimes in this study: isolated roughness (H/W=0.05), wake interface (H/W=0.1), and skimming flow (H/W>0.15). The results also show that the normalized average concentrations at surface (z=1 m) between the barriers increase with increasing double noise-barrier height; however, normalized average concentrations at the top position between the barriers decrease with increasing barrier height. It was found that the double noise-barrier decreases normalized average concentrations of leeward positions, ranging from 0.8 (H/W=0.1, wake interface) to 0.1 (H/W=0.5, skimming flow) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 10 x/h downwind position; and ranging from 1.0 (H/W=0.1) to 0.4 (H/W=0.5) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 60 x/h downwind position.