• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

There has been recent interest in intelligent vehicle technologies, such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) or in-vehicle information systems (IVISs) that offer a significant enhancement of safety and convenience to drivers and passengers. However, unsuitable design of HMI (Human Machine Interface) must increase driver distraction and workload, which in turn increase the chance of traffic accidents. Distraction in particular often occurs under a heavy driving workload due to multitasking with various electronic devices like a cell phone or a navigation system while driving. According to the 2005 road traffic accidents in Korea report published by the ROad Traffic Authority (ROTA), more than 60% of the traffic accidents are related to driver error caused by distraction. This paper suggests the structure of vehicle environment for real-time driving behavior monitoring system while driving which is can be used the driver workload management systems (DWMS). On-road experiment results showed the feasibility of the suggested vehicle environment for driving behavior monitoring system.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2000

도로교통환경문제는 현대의 도시생활에 있어서 세계공통의 심각한 환경문제의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 도로교통환경문제, 특히 도로교통에 기인하는 대기오염문제의 평가를 위한 지원시스템을 개발하였다. 본 개발시스템은 GIS, 교통관련의 대기오염시뮬레이션모델, 예비적 대책들의 데이타베이스로 구성되어 있다. 대기오염시뮬레이션모델의 구축에 있어서, GIS지원환경은 연구대상지역의 대량의 공간정보의 처리와 실제위치상에서의 보다 정확한 대기오염의 계산이라는 점에서 유용한 툴(tool)을 제공할 수 있다. GIS지원시스템의 이러한 역할은 보다 효율적인 분석과 보다 합리적인 결정을 위하여 매우 유용한 것이다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시스템의 실용성은 이집트 카이로시의 도시권을 연구대상지역으로 적용함으로써 그 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.178-180
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• 2006

In general, camera calibration has to be gone ahead necessarily to estimate a position and an orientation of the object exactly using a camera. Autonomous land system in order to run a vehicle autonomously needs a camera calibration method appling a camera and various road environment. Camera calibration is to prescribe the confrontation relation between third dimension space and the image plane. It means to find camera calibration parameters. Camera calibration parameters using the paved road and the unpaved road are estimated. The proposed algorithm has been detected through the image processing after obtaining the paved road and the unpaved road. There is able to detect easily edges because the road lanes exist in the raved road. Image processing method is two. One is a method on the paved road. Image is segmentalized using open, dilation, and erosion. The other is a method on the unpaved road. Edges are detected using blur and sharpening. So it has been made use of Hough transformation in order to detect the correct straight line because it has less error than least-square method. In addition to, this thesis has been used vanishing point' principle. an algorithm suggests camera calibration method using Hough transformation and vanishing point. When the algorithm was applied, the result of focal length was about 10.7[mm] and RMS errors of rotation were 0.10913 and 0.11476 ranges. these have the stabilized ranges comparatively. This shows that this algorithm can be applied to camera calibration on the raved and unpaved road.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.68-79
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• 2008

한국건설기술연구원(KICT)에서는 도로의 안전성 분석을 위해서 도로의 각종 정보를 이동하는 차량을 이용하여 신속하게 취득하고, 이를 토대로 도로의 결함구간을 분석할 수 있는 도로 안전성 조사 분석 차량(RoSSAV, Road Safety Survey and Analysis Vehicle)을 개발하였다. 본 연구를 통해 도로의 안전성에 의심이 되는 지역에 대해서 3차원 도로 모델링을 통한 도로 선형 결함 알고리즘을 개발하였으며, 이를 위해서는 신속하고 정확한 데이터가 수집되어야 한다. 차량에 회전식 레이저 스캐너, GPS(Global Positioning System), INS(Inertial Navigation System), CCD(Charge-Coupled Device) 카메라 그리고 DMI(Distance Measuring Instrument) 등 여러 센서를 장착하여 데이터를 취득하였다. 마지막으로 이들 데이터를 통합하여 3차원 도로 기하(도로 중심선, 도로 경계선), 도로 시설물과 사면을 추출하였다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

Wind turbines should generally be installed at a certain distance from a road to ensure passengers' safety. In Korea, there is no clear guidance as the Ministry of Environment first proposed a road setback distance of 400 m in the Onshore Wind Farm Siting Guidelines draft proposed in July 2012, and then modified it to 1.5 times the height of the wind turbine in October of the same year. This study analyzed the dynamic range of onshore wind resource potential according to how the road setback distance is set using the Korea Wind Atlas with 100m spatial resolution made by the Korea Institute of Energy Research, the transportation network of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, and the forest road network of the Korea Forestry Service. Owing to the geographical characteristics of Korea, where mountainous terrain accounts for 70% of the total territory, the wind resource potential within 1 km from forest roads are estimated to be 14.3 GW, 14% of Korea's total wind resource potential. In addition, the construction distance of new road for transporting wind turbines from the existing road to a wind farm site is estimated as less than 2 km. Given the limited wind resource potential and geographical constraints, an assessment system that can maximize wind resource utilization and ensure road safety at the same time, and which takes into account the regional characteristics instead of applying the fixed road setback distance across-the-road, is required.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.454-465
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• 2012

The Korean government decided to reduce 30% of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions BAU in 2020. Since many efforts to reduce emissions are urgently needed in Korea, the central administrative organization urges local governments to establish their own reduction schemes. Among many GHG emission categories, the emission from mobile source in Gyeonggi Province accounted for 25.3% of total emissions in 2007 and further the emission from road transport sector occupied the most dominant portion in this transportation category. The objective of this study was to compare 3 types of GHG emissions from road transport sector in 31 local cities/counties of Gyeonggi Province, which have been estimated by Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 methodologies. As results, the GHG emission rates by the Tier 1 and Tier 2 were $19,991kt-CO_2\;Eq/yr$ and $18,511kt-CO_2\;Eq/yr$, respectively. On the other hand, the emission rate by Tier 3 excluding a branch road emission portion was $18,051kt-CO_2\;Eq/yr$. In addition, the total emission rate including all the main and branch road portions in Gyeonggi Province was $24,152kt-CO_2\;Eq/yr$, which was estimated by a new Tier 3 methodology. Based on this study, we could conclude that Tier 3 is a reasonable methodology than Tier 1 or Tier 2. However, more accurate and less uncertain methodology must be developed by expanding traffic survey areas and adopting a suitable model for traffic volumes.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2018

PURPOSES : We propose a parameter-setting-free harmony-search (PSF-HS) algorithm to determine the individual sound power levels of noise sources in the cases of industrial or road noise environment. METHODS :In terms of using methods, we use PSF-HS algorithm because the optimization parameters cannot be fixed through finding the global minimum. RESULTS:We found that the main advantage of the PSF-HS heuristic algorithm is its ability to find the best global solution of individual sound power levels through a nonlinear complex function, even though the parameters of the original harmony-search (HS) algorithm are not fixed. In an industrial and road environment, high noise exposure is harmful, and can cause nonauditory effects that endanger worker and passenger safety. This study proposes the PSF-HS algorithm for determining the PWL of an individual machine (or vehicle), which is a useful technique for industrial (or road) engineers to identify the dominant noise source in the workplace (or road field testing case). CONCLUSIONS : This study focuses on providing an efficient method to determine sound power levels (PWLs) and the dominant noise source while multiple machines (or vehicles) are operating, for comparison with the results of previous research. This paper can extend the state-of-the-art in a heuristic search algorithm to determine the individual PWLs of machines as well as loud machines (or vehicles), based on the parameter-setting-free harmony-search (PSF-HS) algorithm. This algorithm can be applied into determining the dominant noise sources of several vehicles in the cases of road cross sections and congested housing complex.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2016

Ozone has been a problem in big cities. That is secondary air pollutant produced by nitrogen oxide and VOCs in the atmosphere. In order to solve this, the first to be the analysis of the $NO_x$ and VOCs. The main source of nitrogen oxide is the road mobile. Industrial sources in Seoul are particularly low, and mobile traffics on roads are large, so 45% of total $NO_x$ are estimated that road mobile emissions in Seoul. Thus, it is necessary to clarify the relation with the activity of road mobile source and $NO_x$ concentration. In this study, we analyzed the 4 locations with roadside automatic monitoring systems in their center. The V.K.T. calculating areas are set in circles with 50 meter spacing, 50 meter to 500 meter from their center. We assumed the total V.K.T. in the set radius affect the $NO_x$ concentration in the center. We used the hourly $NO_x$ concentrations data for the 4 observation points in July for the interference of the other sources are minimized. We used the intersection traffic survey data of all direction for construction of the V.K.T. data, the mobile activities on the roads. ArcGIS application was used for calculating the length of roads in the set radius. The V.K.T. data are multiplied by segment traffic volume and length of roads. As a result, the $NO_x$ concentration can be expressed as linear function formula for V.K.T. with high predictive power. Moreover we separated background concentration and concentrations due to road mobile source. These results can be used for forecasting the effect of traffic demand management plan.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2009

본 논문은 움직이는 차 안에서 교통 표지판을 추적하는 영상 기반 시스템을 기술한다. 제안된 시스템은 복잡한 환경에서 강인한 추적의 성능을 위해 파티클 필터를 기반으로 하는 기본 구조를 가진다. 실제 환경에서 표지판을 실시간으로 추적하는 경우, 장애물에 의한 겹침 현상과 빠르게 변하는 도로 상황 때문에 시계열 데이터인 상태 정보를 예측하는 것은 많은 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 해결하기 위하여 어파인 변환의 파라미터를 상태 정보로 사용한 자기 회귀 모델을 파티클 필터의 상태 전이 모델로써 사용하고, 강인 통계를 사용하여 장애물에 의한 겹침 현상을 판단하여 추적 성능을 향상시키는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문의 실험 결과에서는 본 논문에서 제안된 방법이 주행 중 실시간 추적을 위하여 효과적이며, 장애물에 의해 표지판이 겹치는 경우에도 추적이 잘 수행됨을 보인다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2023

In this study, the removal efficiency of road sweeping and sand filter facility for removing total suspended solid (TSS) as nonpoint source pollution from expressway was evaluated for the last 10 years (2012~2021) using ROADMOD. ROADMOD is a screening level model and was calibrated for runoff rate and TSS loading both at the inlet, which is the loading from the drainage area, and the outlet, from the sand filter facility. The drainage area is 715 m² and the dimensions of sand filter facility are 1.5 m (wide) × 3.8 m (length) × 1.5 m (depth). The monitoring period for model calibration was the rainfall event during Aug. 31~Sep. 1, 2021 and the amount of rainfall was 74.5 mm. As a result of calibration, the determination coefficients (R²) of the flow rate were 0.66 and 0.86, for the inlet and outlet, respectively, and those of TSS loading were 0.50 and 0.84, for the inlet and outlet, respectively. Considering that ROADMOD is a screening level model, the calibration results were reasonable to evaluate the best management practices (BMPs) on the expressway. Using ROADMOD simulation results for 2012~2021, the average yearly runoff rate from the expressway was 82% and removal efficiency was 9% for road sweeping, 35% for sand filter facility, and 39% for both road sweeping and sand filter facility.