• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 1999년도 추계학술대회-지능형 정보기술과 미래조직 Information Technology and Future Organization
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• pp.347-354
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• 1999

The credit rating represents an assessment of the relative level of risk associated with the timely payments required by the debt obligation. In this paper, we present a new approach to credit rating of customers based on the rough set theory. The concept of a rough set appeared to be an effective tool for the analysis of customer information systems representing knowledge gained by experience. The customer information system describes a set of customers by a set of multi-valued attributes, called condition attributes. The customers are classified into groups of risk subject to an expert's opinion, called decision attribute. A natural problem of knowledge analysis consists then in discovering relationships, in terms of decision rules, between description of customers by condition attributes and particular decisions. The rough set approach enables one to discover minimal subsets of condition attributes ensuring an acceptable quality of classification of the customers analyzed and to derive decision rules from the customer information system which can be used to support decisions about rating new customers. Using the rough set approach one analyses only facts hidden in data, it does not need any additional information about data and does not correct inconsistencies manifested in data; instead, rules produced are categorized into certain and possible. A real problem of the evaluation of the evaluation of credit rating by a department store is studied using the rough set approach.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2011

This study was performed to design and develop an ergonomic equipment for strawberry sorting and packing in agricultural working environments. Potential risk of work related musculo-skeletal disorders associated with farm workers performing strawberry sorting and packing was analyzed through interviews, field surveys, work measurement, and working posture evaluation. For the evaluation of working posture, we used REBA, OWAS, and RULA assessment methods to identify multi-factorial risk factors. Based on the result of comprehensive assessment, a new concept of multi-level rotating table for strawberry sorting and packing was proposed to modify awkward working postures and improve the effectiveness of the farm work. Finally, the characteristics and effectiveness of new equipment was discussed in terms of improvements in productivity, safety, and subjective ratings of farm workers. The results of analysis showed that working conditions improved significantly.

• 예술경영연구
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• 제50호
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• pp.213-241
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• 2019

최근 도시의 관광매력물로 공연예술의 경제적 기여에 관심이 높아지고 이를 위한 정책지원으로 외국 관광객을 위한 공연자막 지원사업이 확대되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 공연자막의 수용과정을 변형된 기술수용모형(TAM)과 인지된 위험으로 파악하고 외국 관광객의 자막서비스 공연관람에 영향을 미치는 요인 간의 인과관계를 살펴봄으로써 외국 관람객을 위한 공연자막 서비스의 지속가능성을 높이는 전략을 마련하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구의 실증분석 자료는 스마트패드로 공연자막을 경험한 외국 관광객을 대상으로 3개국 언어로 설문 조사하여 수집하였고 기술통계와 요인분석, 구조방정식모델로 연구모형에 대한 가설을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공연자막의 정보시스템품질이 높을수록 공연자막의 인지된 유용성은 높아지며, 인지된 유용성이 높을수록 자막서비스 공연의 관람의도가 높아지는 정(+)의 관계를 확인하였다. 둘째, 한국공연의 성능적 위험과 심리적 위험의 정도가 낮아질수록 공연 관람의도가 높아지는 정(+)의 관계를, 금전적 위험은 낮을수록 관람의도가 감소하는 부(-)의 관계를 확인하였다. 또한 심리적 위험은 관람의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 위험요인으로 나타났다. 셋째, 한국공연의 성능적 위험이 낮아질수록 인지된 유용성이 높아지는 정(+)의 관계를, 심리적 위험이 낮을 수록 인지된 유용성이 감소하는 부(-)의 관계를 확인하였다. 넷째, 한국공연의 심리적 위험은 공연 관람의도에 대한 인지된 유용성의 관계에 음의 변화를 주며 영향을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

The aims of this study were to develop the suitable "system software" in chemical ranking and scoring (CRS) for the food hazardous chemicals associated with environmental emission and to suggest the priority lists of food contamination by environmental-origined pollutants. Study materials were selected with reference to the priority pollutants list for environment and food management from domestic and foreign research and the number of study materials is 103 pollutants (18 heavy metals, 10 PBTs, 10 EDs, and 65 organic compounds). The Food-CRS-Korea system consisted of the environmental fate model via multimedia, transfer environment to food model, and health risk assessment by contaminated food intake. We have established that health risks of excess cancer risks, hazard quotients (HQs) by chronic toxicity and HQs by reproductive toxicity convert to score, respectively. The creditable scoring system was designed to consider uncertainty of quantitative risk assessment based on VOI (Value-Of-Information). The predictability of the Food-CRS-Korea model was evaluated by comparing the presumable values and the measured ones of the environmental media and foodstuffs. The priority lists based on emissions with background-level-correction are 15 pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium, and etc. The priority lists based on environmental monitoring date are 17 pollutants including DEHP, TCDD, and so on. Consequently, we suggested the priority lists of 13 pollutants by considering the several emission and exposure scenarios. According to the Food-CRS-Korea system, arsenics, cadmium, chromes, DEHP, leads, and nickels have high health risk rates and reliable grades.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2021

RMF(사이버보안 위험관리 프레임워크)는 지금 현재 국방영역을 넘어 미 연방정부 전체에 통용되는 보다 강화된 미 국방 사이버보안 프레임워크이다. 최근 십여년 간 미국이 접한 비정규전에 있어 사이버전이 차지하는 비율, 특히 중국과 북한으로부터 유발된 사이버공격 비중은 점점 더 증대되고 있다. 결국 미국은 범정부 차원의 보다 강화된 사이버보안 정책을 마련하고자 RMF체계를 새롭게 구축중이며, 미 국방부는 연방정부차원을 넘어 동맹국 간에도 미 국방 RMF평가 정책을 확대해 나가고자 한다. 이미 한국군도 F-35A 획득 시 RMF 적용방침을 통보한 미측 요구로 RMF를 적용한 바 있다. 한국군의 RMF적용은 더 이상 피할 수 없는 대세이다. 이제 우리군은 성공적인 한국형 RMF체계 조기 구축을 위해 무엇을 준비해야 하는지 진지하게 고민해야 할 시점이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.294-300
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• 1995

In aquaculture industrial field, an automatic management and control system is needed to cope with the difficulties such as expensive wage, ripe age of management worker and risk according to the unexpected change of environmental conditions in the aquarium. This paper introduces an automatic aquarium monitoring and control system. The system is developed using PC single board computer. A PC can be connected to multi-single hoard computers, and the communication between PC and single board computers is based on RS-422/485 interfacing method. The physical data of pH, DO, temperature and water level etc. are real-timely treated in the single board computer though individual transducers, transfered to the main monitoring PC through RS-422/485 communication, and those data are graphically shown on the PC monitor. Furthermore, the environmental circumstance can be monitored through the image processing system, and the emergency system can be operated under the condition of environmental incident such as electric power stoppage, DO deficiency, pump shut down and low level water etc.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2006

In-field site-specific nitrogen (N) management increases crop yield, reduces N application to minimize the risk of nitrate contamination of ground water, and thus reduces farming cost. Real-time N sensing and fertilization is required for efficient N management. An 'on-the-go' site-specific N management system was developed and evaluated for the supplemental N application to com (Zea mays L.). This real-time N sensing and fertilization system monitored and assessed N fertilization needs using a vision-based spectral sensor and controlled the appropriate variable N rate according to N deficiency level estimated from spectral signature of crop canopies. Sensor inputs included ambient illumination, camera parameters, and image histogram of three spectral regions (red, green, and near-infrared). The real-time sensor-based supplemental N treatment improved crop N status and increased yield over most plots. The largest yield increase was achieved in plots with low initial N treatment combined with supplemental variable-rate application. Yield data for plots where N was applied the latest in the season resulted in a reduced impact on supplemental N. For plots with no supplemental N application, yield increased gradually with initial N treatment, but any N application more than 101 kg/ha had minimal impact on yield.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.1540-1553
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• 2019

A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a highly complex system-of-systems as manifested through its internal systems interdependence. The negative impact of such interdependence was demonstrated through the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. As such, there is a critical need for new strategies to overcome the limitations of current risk assessment techniques (e.g. the use of static event and fault tree schemes), particularly through simulation of the nonlinear dynamic feedback mechanisms between the different NPP systems/components. As the first and key step towards developing an integrated NPP dynamic probabilistic risk assessment platform that can account for such feedback mechanisms, the current study adopts a system dynamics simulation approach to model the thermal dynamic processes in: the reactor core; the secondary coolant system; and the pressurized water reactor. The reactor core and secondary coolant system parameters used to develop system dynamics models are based on those of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station. These three system dynamics models are subsequently validated, using results from published work, under different system perturbations including the change in reactivity, the steam valve coefficient, the primary coolant flow, and others. Moving forward, the developed system dynamics models can be integrated with other interacting processes within a NPP to form the basis of a dynamic system-level (systemic) risk assessment tool.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.282-294
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• 2010

The purpose of SAICM (Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management) is to minimize the health and environmental hazards from the production and the consumption of chemicals by improving the chemicals management capability of developing countries and implementing a system of the risk assessment and the management based on the precautionary principle until 2020. To achieve this purpose, the UN has prescribed the principles, objectives and establishment of an action plan for the chemicals management strategy which must be carried out at international, local, and national levels, and requested the implementation of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) comprising of 273 recommendations in 36 work areas. SAICM is currently based on voluntary participation, but is expected to become the basic framework of international order in relation to chemicals management in the future. This study aims to analyze the practice in the occupational safety and health area relating to implement 273 recommendations of the GPA, and propose complementary measures for the system in order to provide political advices for establishing future plans to manage industrial chemicals. Twenty three areas of total 36 work areas and 161 items of 273 recommendations have relevance to occupational safety and health areas. We have found that, as a national implementation level, 157 of 161 industrial safety and health items are being implemented at a satisfactory level in regard to the implementation of the GPA, while 4 items, including the ratification of the ILO Conventions 170, 174, 184, and support for GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of chemicals) implementation of developing countries, require additional complementary measures for the system and operation.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.304-316
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• 2022

Background: As prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission in healthcare settings has become a critical component in its effective management, COVID-19 specific infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines were developed and implemented by numerous countries. Although largely based on the current evidence-base, guidelines show much heterogeneity, as they are influenced by respective health system capacities, epidemiological risk, and socioeconomic status. This study aims to analyze the variations and concurrences of these guidelines to draw policy implications for COVID-19 response and future guidelines development. Methods: The contents of the COVID-19 IPC guidelines were analyzed using the categories and codes developed based on "World Health Organization guidelines on core components." Data analysis involved reviewing, appraising and synthesizing data from guidelines, which were then arranged into categories and codes. Selection of countries was based on the country income level, availability of COVID-19 specific IPC guideline developed at a national or district level. Results: The guidelines particularly agreed on IPC measures regarding application of standard precautions and providing information to patients and visitors, monitoring and audit of IPC activities and staff illnesses, and management of built environment/equipments. The guidelines showed considerable differences in certain components, such as workplace safety measures and criteria for discontinuation of precautions. Several guidelines also contained unique features which enabled a more systematic response to COVID-19. Conclusion: The guidelines generally complied with the current evidence-based COVID-19 management but also revealed variances stemming from differences in local health system capacity. Several unique features should be considered for benchmark in future guidelines development.