• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.408-417
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• 2012

This study analyzed the effect of entrepreneurship of real estate broker's on subjective performance, and confirmed if a entrepreneurship education between them has moderating effects. The research results of the analysis are as follows. First, needs for achievement and risk taking of real estate brokerage were significant with subjective performance, which is the dependent variable, and it was shown as the positive (+) direction. This means entrepreneur factors of high needs for achievement or submitting to risk preference have a significant effect in subjective performance. Second, moderating effect of a business school was only shown in needs for achievement. As a result of analysis after classifying it into two groups according to completion status of a entrepreneurship education, it was shown the group that took a entrepreneurship education has higher beta(${\beta}$) than the group that did not take a entrepreneurship education. In other words, real estate brokerage who took a entrepreneurship education shows increase in needs for achievement, which is the entrepreneur factor. This signifies a business school has a positive effect in subjective performance. Third, as a result of t-test for completion status of a entrepreneurship education and financial performance, it was shown the group that took a entrepreneurship education showed higher average of sales and net income than the group that did not take a entrepreneurship education. The net income, in particular, showed about the double difference.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention. This relationship has been conceptually addressed in many previous studies and has been empirically tested. However, this study is different from the previous studies in the following four points. First, we measured entrepreneurial intention by manipulating launching a start-up as a relative concept for employment, which is consistent with the conceptual definition of entrepreneurial intention (i.e. entrepreneurial decision making in the process of career choice). Second, it is distinguished from previous researches in that it uses the question of preference for "action" with regard to job choice. Third, we expanded the opportunity for discussion using the youth panel data of the Korea Employment Information Service. Fourth, the altruistic purpose is included in the category of entrepreneurship. Empirical results showed that intentions of entrepreneurship were stronger when the need for achievement was intense, internal control tendency was intended, risk-taking propensity was sturdy, and autonomous tendency was high. However, innovation and aggressiveness are not statistically related to entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, the altruistic tendency was found to have a negative correlation with entrepreneurial intention. The results of this study can provide meaningful implications for both private sector investors and government policy makers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2019

The domestic construction industry is changing according to its preference for demand and supply along with urbanization and economic development. Accordingly, initial risk assessments is more important than before. In particular, demand for lease-based investment products such as commercial and office buildings has surged as a substitute for financial products due to low interest rates of banks. Therefore, the objective is to suggest a basic study on financial analysis model development by applying optimization method in residential officetel. To achieve the objective, first, the previous studies are investigated. Second, the causal loop diagram is structured based on the collected data. Third, the system dynamics method is used to develop cost-income simulation and optimization model sequentially. Finally, the developed model was verifed through analyzing a case project. In the future, the proposed model can be helpful whether or not conduct execution of an officetel development project to the decision makers.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1001-1007
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• 2014

We surveyed the wearing characteristics of hip protectors. The problems of existing hip protectors were identified and the directions for improvement were presented. The evaluation of wearing characteristics was conducted on the 100 elderly women (60 to 85 years) with 5 types of hip protector. The questionnaire was composed of history and characteristics on falling, hip protector acceptance, preference, use characteristics and improvement requirements. The result of wearing characteristic evaluation indicated that 52% of the subject experienced falling in winter. Incidents resulting from falling occurred: outdoors (74.5%), bathroom (10.9%), and kitchen (5.5%). Body parts to be protected were in several areas: 35.6% for lumbar, 26.9% for hip joint, and 15% for hip bone. Participants prefer a belt B type design at a rate of 56.9% because it provided a sense of stability by clinging to the body and upholding the waist. Belt B type was the most appropriate in terms of fit, allowance, mobility, and design except pad thickness. To reduce the risk of hip fracture, hip protector needs to be designed in consideration of user's type of fall and body shape. The pattern and size of a hip protector has to be improved in regards to the amount of discomfort. An objective evaluation is needed for the ergonomic design of a hip protector based on and analysis of 3D body image of the elderly and the shock-absorbing quality of pad.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.623-636
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• 2012

Health Belief Model is a socio-psychological theory of decision making to individual health-related behaviors. This study was aimed to develop an effective education program for hypertension based on health belief model. The main factors of health belief model were investigated by focus group interview (FGI) with 23 hypertensive or prehypertensive subjects aged over fifty years. 'Perceived susceptibility' to hypertension was family history, neglect of health care, preference for salty food, broth of soup and stew. Lifelong medication, complications, and medical costs were reported as 'perceived severity' of hypertension. 'Perceived benefits' of hypertension management were decrease of medicinal dose, reduction of medical costs, and healthy eating habits of the family, while 'perceived barriers' were lack of palatability of low salt diet, convenience-oriented dietary habits, and limited choice of foods when eating out. Subjects mentioned TV health programs, public health center programs, and advice from doctors and family as 'cues to action' of hypertension management. These qualitative information provided basis for developing a nutrition education program for hypertension which could be implemented in the public health center. Eight week program was composed of understanding hypertension, risk factor management (eating habits, weight), low salt diet (principles, cooking), advanced management for healthy diet in 2 sessions, and summary. Each session was designed to alert the susceptibility and severity, to emphasize the benefits, and to reduce the barriers by providing dietary monitoring, practical advice, and action tips.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2008

Improved nutritional intake contributes to maintaining health and quality of life in elderly population and also reducing individual and social medical costs. Most of nutrition assistance programs for elderly, such as congregate or home-delivered meal programs, are not currently serviced in rural communities mainly due to low cost efficiency of program operation. However, the needs and necessity of such programs are presumed to be higher in rural area where the population density of elderly at nutritional risk is relatively high. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a community-based meal program for the rural elderly. In 2007, four rural communities located in Jeon-Nam province were selected and the pilot meal program was applied for three months. Following are key features of the meal program model developed in this study: 1) meal production and service are operated by elderly participants to overcome the voluntary personnel shortage 2) utilization of locally-produced foods is maximized to reduce the meal cost, 3) traditional cooking methods are applied to adjust the food preference of elderly, and 4) foods are serviced on site to minimize the food safety problem possibly caused by delivery process. The pilot programs resulted in high satisfaction with the programs of participating elderly. The community-based meal program model developed in this study is expected to be used as an effective nutrition and health intervention model for the rural elderly.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.431-442
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• 2008

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to examine the degree of obesity stress and analyze factors having an effect on obesity stress among college women. Method: The subjects were 347 female students from a university in J City. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire for general characteristics, health-related characteristics, and current and preferred somatotype. Obesity stress was measured using 10 items developed by Cho (1996) based on Body Attitudes questionnaire (BAQ) of Ben-Tovim and Walker (1991). The survey was conducted from September 4 to September 7, 2007. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Spearman's rank correlation test, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS 14.0. Results: The average score of obesity stress was $2.78{\pm}0.90$ out of 5.00. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the major factors that affect obesity stress of female college students were perceived body shape, disagreement between current and preferred somatotype, history of weight control, body mass index (BMI), and perceived health status, and these factors explained 38.4% of obesity stress. Conclusion: Subjective judgment in the perception of or preference for body shape was the most important factor affecting obesity stress in female college students. Therefore, a plan is necessary to mitigate obesity stress and evaluate individually subjects who perceive themselves to be fat or want to be thinner than the current somatotype. And consultation and constant management are needed to help the high risk group (experience of weight control, BMI ${\geq}23kg/m^2$, not good health status).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.640-652
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• 2008

Hypertension is among the most common and important risk factors for stroke, heart attack, and heart failure which is considered to be the leading cause of death in Korea. The prevalence rate of hypertension in Korea is 27.9%, according to the 2006 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. Since non-pharmacologic nutrition education is recommended as the first step in the management of hypertension, evaluation of nutrition program is needed to form strategies for improving patients' dietary adherence. This study was designed to evaluate the overall effectiveness of a hypertension nutrition education program (HNEP) for reducing the salt intake, at a public health center located in Gyunggi-province. The HNEP was offered for 16 weeks from May to September in 2007. Nutrition education activities included cooking classes, food preparation demonstrations, physical fitness programs, salty taste preference test sessions, games, case-study presentations, planning and evaluation of menus, etc. Forty patients participated fully in the program which had 47 female enrollees. Data about nutrient intake (24-hour recall), nutrition knowledge, food behavior were collected before (baseline) and after the program. Changes after program completion indicated the following: 1) diastolic blood pressure was decreased (p < 0.05), 2) sodium (salt) intake was also decreased (p < 0.01), especially baseline high salt intake group, 3) nutrition knowledge was improved (p<0.001), 4) dietary behaviors for maintaining a low salt diet was improved (p < 0.001), 5) participants preferred cooking class from nutrition education methods. As a conclusion, it appears that a nutrition education program for hypertensive female elderly for reducing the salt intake might effectively decrease blood pressure and salt intake. It also improves nutrition knowledge, dietary behavior, and finally adherence to a recommendable low-sodium diet.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.112-123
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• 2013

Background: Under the risk of financial sustainability of National Health Insurance, Korean government attempted a series of regulations over pharmaceutical prices. The first price-cut was implemented to the hyperlipidemial treatments, and the prices of statins were reduced on 15th, April in 2009. The purposes of this study are 1) to investigate the impact of this price-cut on pharmaceutical expenditure, and 2) to identify the factors associated with drug-switch among statins. Methods: Using the national patients sample data, this study conducted time series analysis on the expenditures, prices, and volumes of statin drugs. To understand the factors associated with drug-switch, the multinomial logit model was analyzed at the patients level. Results: The results of time series analysis demonstrated that the price-cut of hyperlipidemic medicines did not lead to the reduced expenditure, suggesting the increased volume was the major cause. The multinomial logit analysis identified the switch of healthcare provider as the significant factor that was highly associated with drug-switch, implying the physicians' preference was the major motivation of drug-switch. Conclusion: Without control of utilization, price regulation itself could not reduce pharmaceutical expenditure. This suggests that the pharmaceutical regulations should be implemented on the basis of understanding of provider behaviors. The findings of this study will form the first step for further empirical studies.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the health status and food habits of male college students in Seoul according to drinking habits. In order to identify risk factors, health surveys were conducted from October 2013 to December 2013. Average height, weight, and BMI of subjects were $175.47{\pm}5.27cm$, $67.93{\pm}9.28kg$, and $22.04{\pm}2.67kg/m^2$, respectively. Weight and BMI were higher in the non-drinking groups compared to the drinking groups (p<0.05). Frequency of drinking was 2~3 times per month, and 52.4% of subjects started drinking when starting university. The motivation to start drinking was cited as "From necessity". Reason for drinking was "Social relations". The favorite kind of drink was beer. Rate of taking supplements was 24.4% of the subjects. Vitamin preparations were highest in drinking groups and non-drinking groups (p<0.05). The reasons for skipping meal were "too busy" in the drinking groups, and "oversleep" in the non-drinking groups (p<0.05). The preference for snacking in drinking groups were milk, milk products, and fast food, with the highest being listed first. The non-drinking groups preferred carbonated drinks and ice cream. The drinking groups need more education about their drinking habits. Drinking groups also need an increased intake of vegetables and fruits.