• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2022.04a
• /
• pp.31-32
• /
• 2022

The construction industry has more safety accidents than other industries. Although there have been more attempts to reduce safety hazards in the industry such as the enforcement of the "Serious Accidents Punishment Act (SAPA)", construction accident has not been reduced enough. In this study, analysis of safety risk factors has been made through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)-based topic modeling. Risk analysis in construction site would be improved with natural language processing and topic modeling.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.58
• /
• pp.59-98
• /
• 2013

Risk of loss is a term used in the law of contracts to determine which party should bear the burden of risk for damage occurring to goods after the sale has been completed, but before delivery has occurred. Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), there are four risk of loss rules, in order of application. First, it is agreement that is the agreement of the parties controls. Second, the breaching party is liable for any uninsured loss even though breach is unrelated to the problem. Hence, if the breach is the time of delivery, and the goods show up broken, then the breaching rule applies risk of loss on the seller. Third, the delivery by common carrier other than by seller is necessary: Risk of loss shifts from seller to buyer at the time that seller completes its delivery obligations; If it is a destination contract, then risk of loss is on the seller; If it is a delivery contract, then the risk of loss is on the buyer. Fourth, if the seller is a merchant, then the risk of loss shifts to the buyer upon buyer's receipt of the goods. If the buyer never takes possession, then the seller still has the risk of loss. This paper discusses problems of risk of loss under the American law. Specifically, this paper focuses on the interpretation of UCC sections and analysis of various cases. By comparing, also, UCC and Korean law, the paper proposes some implications of risk of loss issues for Korean law.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.607-615
• /
• 2005

In this study ship collision risk analysis is performed to determine the design vessel for collision impact analysis of the bridge. Method I in AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications is a semi-deterministic analysis procedure for determining the design vessel. Method ll which is a more complicated probability based analysis procedure is used to select the design vessel for collision impact. The AF allocation by weights seems to be more reasonable than the pylon concentration allocation method because AF allocation by weights takes the design parameter characteristics quantitatively into consideration although the pylon concentration allocation method brings more economical results when the overestimated design collision strength of piers compared to the strength of pylon is moderately modified. Therefore more researches on the allocation model of AF and the selection of design vessel are required.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2013.01a
• /
• pp.338-343
• /
• 2013

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) as a delivery method fully capitalizes on an integrated project team that takes advantage of the knowledge of all team members to maximize project outcomes. IPD is currently the highest form of collaboration available because all three core project stakeholders, owner, designer and contractor, are aligned to the same purpose. Compared with traditional project delivery approaches such as Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB), and CM at-Risk, IPD is distinguished in that it eliminates the adversarial nature of the business by encouraging transparency, open communication, honesty and collaboration among all project stakeholders. The team appropriately shares the project risk and reward. Sharing reward is easy, while it is hard to fairly share a failure. So the compensation structure and the contingency in IPD are very different from those in traditional delivery methods and they are expected to encourage motivation, inspiration and creativity of all project stakeholders to achieve project success. This paper investigates the compensation structure in IPD and provides a method to determine the proper level of contingency allocation to reduce the risk of cost overrun. It also proposes a method in which contingency could be used as a functional monetary incentive when established to produce the desired level of collaboration in IPD. Based on the compensation structure scenario discovered, a probabilistic contingency calculation model was created by evaluating the random nature of changes and various risk drivers. The model can be used by the IPD team to forecast the probability of the cost overrun and equip the IPD team with confidence to really enjoy the benefits of collaborative team work.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2013.01a
• /
• pp.444-450
• /
• 2013

Public private partnership (PPP) procurement was introduced into Singapore in 2003, and 10 PPP projects was successfully completed and have been in operation. The objective of this study is to identify the critical risk factors and risk allocation preferences for PPP projects in Singapore. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive literature review was carried out and 42 risks were identified and grouped into three meta levels, i.e. macro, meso and micro levels. The questionnaire survey produced 48 completed questionnaires from 48 different contractors. The survey results indicated that 23 risk factors had significantly high criticalities and that four macro-level risks, four meso-level risks and two micro-level risks were among the top 10 risk ranking. "Lack of support from government", "availability of finance" and "construction time delay" were perceived as the top three critical risks. Also, the result implied that micro-level risks had a higher criticality mean score than macro-level and meso-level risks. The findings of this study help both public and private sectors to better understand the risks and their allocation in PPP projects, providing valuable information for organizations that intend to participate in PPP projects in Singapore.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.343-349
• /
• 2013

The optimal portfolio selection problem under inflation risk is considered in this paper. There are three assets the economic agent can invest, which are a risk free bond, an index bond and a risky asset. By applying the martingale method, the optimal consumption rate and the optimal portfolios for each asset are obtained explicitly.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.283-290
• /
• 2016

As the development of recent science and technology, high-performance computing resources is needed to solve complex problems. To reach these requirements, it has been actively studied about grid computing that consist of a huge system which bind a heterogeneous high performance computing resources into on which are geographically dispersed. However, The current research situation which are the process to obtain the best results in the limited resources and the scheduling policy to accurately predict the total execution time of the real-time task are very poor. In this paper, in order to overcome these problems, we suggested a grid computing-based risk management system which derived from the system structure and the process for improving the efficiency of the system, grid computing-based working methodology, risk policy module which can manage efficiently the problem of the work of resources(Agent), scheduling technique and allocation method which can re-allocate the resource allocation and the resources in problem, and monitoring which can manage resources(Agent).

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2015

Objective : This study aims to evaluate a risk of bias by Risk of Bias tool and RoBANS(Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Study) tool for clinical trial papers proving treatment effect of herbs to alopecia and provides the newest reason of effectiveness of herbs to alopecia. Methos : Data were collected through electronic database including NDSL, KISS, KMBASE, Koreantk, OASIS, KoreaMed, KISTI, Pubmd, Cochrane CENTRAL and CINAHL. Two experts in Oriental Medince assessed risk of bias of randomized controlled trials by Cochrane group's Risk of Bias tool and non-randomized controlled trials by RoBANS tool after searching, reviewing and selecting papers. Results : Total number of selected trials is 20 including 4 randomized controlled trials, 13 non-randomized controlled trials and 3 case reports. This study evaluates the risk of bias of 17 papers including 4 randomized controlled trials and 13 non-randomized controlled trials except 3 case reports by risk of bias tool and RoBANS tool. All papers of randomized controlled trials are evaluated unclear for random sequence generation and allocation concealment as there are no word on them. And all papers of non-randomized controlled trials are evaluated unclear for blinding of outcome assessments and relatively low for others. Conclusion : We must try to specify concretely methods of allocation concealment after planning and practicing it for reducing a selection bias in randomized controlled trials. Also report a reason of missing value and blinding outcome assessments. And we have to agonize and mention methods of blinding of researchers for reducing a detection bias in non-randomized controlled trials.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.38 no.10
• /
• pp.1179-1184
• /
• 2014

Reliability allocation is generally used during the early stage of system development to apportion the system reliability target to its individual modules. This paper presents a comprehensive method for performing the reliability allocation of KTX door systems. Nine criteria for reliability allocation include failure criticality, operating time, risk, complexity, failure rate, maintenance, manufacturing technology, working condition, and reliability cost. For satisfying the system reliability target, the allocated $B_{10}$ lives of four modules are provided.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.61-82
• /
• 2020

The security risk management used by some service providers is not appropriate for effective security enhancement. The reason is that the security risk management methods did not take into account the opinions of security experts, types of service, and security vulnerability-based risk assessment. Moreover, the security risk assessment method, which has a great influence on the risk treatment method in an information security risk assessment model, should be security risk assessment for fine-grained risk assessment, considering security vulnerability rather than security threat. Therefore, we proposed an improved information security risk management model and methods that consider vulnerability-based risk assessment and mitigation to enhance security controls considering limited security budget. Moreover, we can evaluate the security cost allocation strategies based on security vulnerability measurement that consider the security weight.