• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2006

Environment friendly agriculture is nowadays a major fiend to sustain balanced agricultural ecosystem, keeping its productivity. This study was conducted to determine the optimum levels of nitrogen (N) application for improving rice productivity and reducing N loss through N application based on soil diagnosis. four levels of N were applied with 0, 50, 100 and 150% of recommended levels by soil testing in 4 different paddy soils (i.e. normal, sandy, ill-drained and immature soils). Across N treatments, the greatest grain yield was observed in sandy soil and the lowest in ill-drained soil. The grain yield tended to decrease with increasing N application from 50% to 150% of recommended levels, except ill-drained soil. To ensure maximum yield the optimum levels of N application were estimated at 120 kg, 153 kg and 173 kg $ha^{-1}$ in normal, immature and sandy soil, respectively.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2003

Organic livestock farming in northern European regions has been expanded with the major animals of large ruminants using pastures and grass silages. Organic livestock farming in some European countries has been in rather short of productivity compared to the conventional livestock farming, however since the gap of productivity between organic and conventional livestock farming has been reported to be reduced when the efficiency of management would improve, organic livestock farming has a potential to develop as a clean livestock farming in the future. We expect that organic livestock farming be propelled to a future model of livestock farming in Korea too. As the schemes for realization of organic livestock farming in Korea, firstly a system for the consistent supply of organic feed should be established. Mountainous areas that represents 63 % of total area of Korea could be utilized for the production of organic forages. Uncultivated rice paddy and upland agricultural field could also be used for this purpose. The active application of organic agricultural by-products such as organic rice straw, organic rice bran and SO forth can be considered for organic livestock farming. Secondly, the replacement of anti-biotics for the management of animal diseases should be developed using natural products. Plants and microbes would be good sources of natural products. Thirdly, the realization of organic livestock farming may require a system for certification of the organic farms and consequently the experts to work on.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2011

This study was carried out to present the measures for the stable organic rice production, farm income increase and consumption revitalization and so on by analyzing economic effects of the organic rice production complex and farmers by cultivation type. The farmers received prices of organic rice and Life and Environment Agriculture (LEA) were 2,965 won and 2,014 won per kilogram, respectively. Finally, the results of the productivity analysis show that LEA produces about 11% lower crop yield compared with the conventional farming. Meanwhile, the profitabilities of the organic farming per 10a were about 15% higher than the conventional farming. But, LEA per 10a was individually 23% lower then the conventional farming.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2023년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2023

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2004

본 연구는 액상분뇨 시용방법의 벼의 생육특성, 수량, 수량구성 요소, 쌀 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시되었다. 처리는 액상분뇨를 기비만 처리한 처리구, 액상분뇨를 기비로 시용하고 화학비료를 추비로 시용한 시험구, 대조구로 화학비료 시용구를 두었다. 시험결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 초장은 생육초기 화학비료구가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으나 생육후기에는 초장의 차이가 처리구 간에 크지 않았다. 분얼 수의 경우도 화학비료구가 액비 시용구보다 더 많았다. 엽록소 함량은 생육초기 화학비료 시용구에서 생육 후기에는 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2. 수량구성 요소에 있어서 주당수수는 화학비료구가 가장 많은 것으론 나타났다. 수당립수는 액상분뇨 시용구에서 가장 많았으며 천립중은 시비처리구 사이에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 등숙율에 있어서는 화학비료 시용구가 높은 것으로 나타났다 3. 벼의 정조수량은 화학비료 시용구에서 가장 높았고 액비+화학비료구에서 $3\%$ 액상분뇨 시용구에서 화학비료 시용구 대비 $5\%$ 감수되었다. 4. 쌀 품질은 액상분뇨 시용구와 액비기비 +화학비료 추비구가 화학비료구에 비해 상당히 높게 나타났다. 단백질 함량은 액비 시용구가 화학비료 시용구보다 유의성있게 낮았다. 따라서 쌀 품질 향상에 적절한 양의 액비 시용이 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물생명공학회 2004년도 생명공학 실용화를 위한 비젼
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

Reduction in stratospheric ozone layer increases the amount of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB: 280-320 nm) that reaches the earth ’ s surface. UVB radiationcan damage plants, resulting in decrease in growth and productivity. UVB-augmentation studies have indicated that the sensitivity to UVB radiation in plants varies among the species and cultivars. However. there are no definitive answers for the mechanisms of UVB-resistance in higher plants and for bioengineering design and development of UVB-tolerant plants. We have been studying physiological and biochemical aspects of the effects of UVB radiation on growth and yield of rice COryza sativa LJ. aiming to clarify the mechanism of resistance to UVB radiationin rice. At this meeting. weintroduce our research as followed: (1) supplementary UVB radiation has inhibitory effects on the growth. yield and grain development of rice; (2) UVB sensitivity of rice varies widely among cultivars; (3) among Japanese rice cultivars. Sasanishiki. a leading variety in northeast Japan. is more resistant to UVB. while Norin 1. a progenitor of Sasanishiki. is less resistant; (4)UV-sensitive Norin 1 cultivar is deficient in photorepair of UVB-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD). and this deficiency results from one amino acid residue alteration of CPD photolyase. These results suggest that spontaneously occurring mutation in CPD photolyase gene could lead to difference in UVB sensitivity in rice. and that CPD photolyase might be a useful target for improving UVB-sensitivity in rice by selective breeding or bioengineering of UVB-tolerant rice.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2011

간척지 논 토양에서 석고의 처리는 염의 농도에 관계없이 고염도와 저염도 전체 토양에서 무처리 대비 71.3~98.9%까지 메탄 발생을 저감 할 수 있었다. 석고 처리에 따른 황산염을 증가는 전자수용체, 즉 황산염이온의 양 증대에 따른 전자의 활성저하와 황환원균의 활성증가가 메탄 발생을 저감시키는 가장 큰 요인인 것으로 판단된다. 간척지 논에 석고를 시용할 경우 부족한 칼슘의 공급효과를 통하여 토양의 물리성 및 배수 개선을 통하여 메탄 발생 감소에 영향을 줄 수 있었다. 또한 석고의 시용은 간척지 토양의 높은 pH와 높은 나트륨 이온을 효과적으로 저감할 수 있어 식물 생육 및 수량에 긍정적인 영향을 주었으며, 물리성 개선을 통하여 메탄 발생을 저감 시킬 수 있었다. 간척지 토양에서 석고의 시용은 벼 수량을 13.2~39.1%까지 증수 효과가 있었으나, 과량 처리시 오히려 생산성을 감소시켰다. 결론적으로 간척지에서 토양 개량을 위해 사용되어 지는 석고는 토양의 물리 화학성을 개선할 뿐만 아니라 메탄 발생을 효과적으로 저감할 수 있는 우수한 토양 개량제로서 평가되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.569-578
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• 2015

Cold water paddy field soils are relatively unproductive, but can be ameliorated by supplementing with inorganic fertilizer from animal waste-based composts. The yield of two rice cultivars was significantly raised by providing either chicken manure or cow dung-based compost. The application of these composts raised the soil pH as well as both the total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content, which improved the soil's fertility and raised its nitrification potential. The composts had a measurable effect on the abundance of nitrogencycling-related soil microbes, as measured by estimating the copy number of various bacterial and archaeal genes using quantitative real-time PCR. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria was markedly encouraged by the application of chicken manure-based compost. Supplementation with the composts helped promote the availability of soil nitrogen in the cold water paddy field, thereby improving the soil's productivity and increasing the yield of the rice crop.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.641-650
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• 2018

Paddy-upland rotation system is one of the important cropping system for improving soil quality and crop productivity. we conducted to investigate the effect of paddy-upland rotation system on soil properties and crop productivity in reclaimed tidal land. The paddy-upland rotation could be effective to conserve soil water contents and prevent from salt damage when cultivating upland crops. The first two years of maize cultivation after rice cultivation could be effective to secure stable production. However, in case of soybean crop, the rotation effect might be lower than that of maize. In the first year, the yield of soybean was 214 kg/10a. In the second and third year, the yields of soybean decreased consecutively to 152, 123 kg/10a respectively. In this paper, it would be suggested that maize be cultivated for up to two years and soybean be cultivated for one year after rice crop grown in reclaimed tidal land. This study could be provide basic data of the physico-chemical properties applicable to paddy-upland rotation system at reclaimed tidal lands.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 1988

Land reform in Korea was performed in 1949. The formation of owner farmers was the primary objective of land reform. But since land reform, the number of tenants has been increasing, and it reached to 65.7% of total farmhousehold by 1985. To analyze the productivity of tenant farming, 40 farmers in Kumnam, Yeongi Gun and Gongju Gun, Banpo, Chungnam Province, were selected as samples for the empirical analysis. The results of the empirical analysis are summarized as follows; 1. In plain area, tenants input 5% more labor, and 15% less capital than owner farmers. In mountain area, tenants input 15% more labor, and 4% more capital than owner farmers. 2. There is no difference in the output of rice between owner farmers and tenants in both area. 3. In plain area, the physical productivity of labor of owner farmers is 4.6 (kg/hour), and that of tenants is 4.4. And the physical productivity of labor of owner farmers in mountain area is 4.2, and that of tenants is 3.6. 4. The physical productivity of capital of owner farmers in plain area is 17.7(kg/1,000 won), and that of tenants is 20.6. In mountain area, the physical productivity of capital of owner farmers is 18.8, and that of tenants is 17.9.