• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rhus javanica

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Growth and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Rhus javanica Populations Sowed on Cut-Slopes - Focusing on the Dae-Ji Mountain Case Study - (비탈면에 파종된 붉나무(Rhus javanica) 개체군의 생육 및 공간분포 특성 - 용인 대지산 사례지역을 중심으로 -)

  • Lim, Chae-young;Oh, Choong-Hyeon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.39-49
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    • 2015
  • This study was to evaluate the growth and spatial distribution characteristics of Rhus javanica population. The study was conducted between 2015 January and July at the cut-slope revegetation site in Dae-Ji Mountain. Seeds of native species were sowed on the disturbed cut-slope in 2002. There were 119 vascular plant species 55 families and 94 genera on the cut-slope. Compositae, Rosaceae, and Leguminosae plants were dominant species, which are pioneer species in dry and barren site. Canopy of trees covered 44.1% total area, which was 8.3% increase from 2008. Rhus javanica, main species, dominated all DBH classes except DBH >24cm. Albizzia julibrissin showed high frequency in the 6~17cm DBH class and Salix koreensis was abundant at >12cm. Elaeagnus umbellata, Corylus heterophylla var. heterophylla, Alnus sibirica, and Acer pictum were not observed. Rhus javanica population was the most frequently observed on the south facing cut-slope. The average DBH of Rhus javanica was $7.3({\pm}3.7)cm$ and the average height of them was $5.2({\pm}1.7)m$. Annual average DBH growth was 7.9mm/yr and the maximum growth(12.0mm/yr) was the $3^{rd}$ year. It decreased after $6^{th}$ years. Although Rhus javanica population in the Dae-Ji Mountain was a seed originated plantation, the forest had reverse J shape diameter frequency distribution. It indicated that the forest is uneven-aged forest. The Rhus javanica population was expected to sustain.

Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract from Rhus javanica $Linn\'{e}$ on Edible Oil (식용유지에 대한 붉나무 추출물의 항산화 효과)

  • Choi, Ung;Shin, Dong-Hwa;Chang, Young-Sang;Shin, Jae-Ik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.320-325
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    • 1992
  • For natural antioxidant test, the Rhus javanica $Linn\'{e}$ was extracted by 75% ethyl alcohol and fractionated it by chloroform and ethyl acetate using separatory funnel and column chromatography. In the Rhus javanica L. extract, the effective material was disolved easily in ethyl acetate and chloroform. When 600 ppm of ethyl acetate fraction of the extract was added to palm oil and lard, AI(antioxidant index) of each oil was 1.60 and 3.90 respectively. The $CHCl_3$ and EtOAc fractions were more effective than whole extract of Rhus javanica L. The palm oil, lard and soybean oil containing different levels of the Rhus javanica L. extract were stored at $60^{\circ}C$ to compare their antioxidative activity. Peroxide value, acid value and TBA value of each oil were monitored. The Rhus javanica L. extract was very effective to retard oxidation of palm oil and lard. This result coincided with Ranimat test.

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Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Water- and Ethanol-Extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica (화피, 석류피, 염부수백피 추출물의 항산화 및 항균 효과)

  • Kim, Wangin;Kim, Jieun;Lee, Seonhee;Moon, Yangsun;Lee, Sukhee;Park, Sooyun;Na, Changsu
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : This study was conducted to measure the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica against various species of anaerobic bacteria. Methods : In order to evaluate the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts, DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were measured in various species such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnes that induce skin inflammation. Also the total amount of phenol in each water- and ethanol-extract was measured to identify its role in the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was measured by confirming the lowest concentrations in disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. Results : It was observed that RJE (Rhus javanica-EtOH extracts) show the highest content of total phenol. In addition, for RJE the total phenol content was higher from samples taken from domestic sources than from samples taken from foreign sources. DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased by treatment with PGE (Punica granatum-EtOH extracts), RJE and RJW (Rhus javanica-water extracts). It was observed that SOD-like activity was highest in the treatment with PGE. All of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity on S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. acnes and E. coli, including those from Punica granatum, and it was noted that the activity was higher with RJE than with RJW. Conclusions : These results provide evidence that ethanol extracts of Punica granatum and Rhus javanica may have a beneficial role as antioxidants and antibiotics. Extracts from domestic samples of Betula platyphylla var japonica appeared to have a greater efficacy than extracts from foreign samples.

Study on Formation and Development of Schlechtendalis chinensis Gall in Rhus javanica (붉나무(Rlus javanica)에서 오배자 형성과 발육에 관한 연구)

  • 이상명;이동운;박지두;김종인
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.83-87
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    • 1997
  • These studies were conducted to carry out mechanism and site of gall formation by Schlectendalia chinensis in Rhus javanica. The formation period of gall hy occurrence of fundatrix was middle of June, and fundatrix was settled and parasited on back side of immature leaves and tissues of Rhus javanica was ride to fore face, then formed Schlectendalia chinensis gall. Scl~lectendalia chinensis was suddenly developed in middle of Auguest. As the density of Schlectertdalia chinensb increases, the Schlectendalia chinensir gall was more plumped. The part of phyllotaxy of Schlectendalia chinensis gall in leaf and pinnate of was increased in closer pan of terminal leaflet and leaflet was more occupied then wing.

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Evaluation of the antioxidant potential and enzyme activities in species of Rhus (옻나무류의 항산화력 및 항산화 효소 활성)

  • 정형진;김은희;이건주;정규영;임종국;유정민;심영은;박재호
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.220-228
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    • 2001
  • Comparison of the antioxidant potential and enzyme activities of the extracts of Rhus showed considerable differences. The antioxidative activities of Rhus javanica were the highest of three species tried (7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$). The highest activities showed in fraction No.3 of 12 fractions by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and the antioxidative activity showed, in purified extract of each stem,1.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ (in Rhus verniciflua), 1.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ (in Rhus javanica) and 2.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ (in Rhus tricocarpa) respectively. These were identificated as phenolic compounds which are well known antioxidant compounds such as 2-propenoic acid (Caffeic acid), Benzoic acid (Gallic acid), 7-hydroxy- 6methoxy-2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one (Scopoletin). POD activities of stem were higher than leaf. Especially, POD activity in stem of Rhus javanica was 193 times higher than leaf. Rhus tricocarpa, however, showed very low POD activity. SOD activities of stem were higher than that of leaf in Rhus javanica and Rhus verniciflua but in Rhus tricocarpa, the activity of leaf was 25 times higher than that of stem.

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of parts of Rhus javanica L. (붉나무의 부위 별 항산화 및 항염증 활성)

  • Choi, Ji-Soo;Han, Sang-Don;Jang, Tae-Won;Lee, Seung-Hyun;Park, Jae-Ho
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.62 no.2
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    • pp.195-202
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    • 2019
  • Rhus javanica L. is Anacardiaceae plant distributed in East Asia. We evaluated the antioxidant activity and antiinflammatory effect of leaf, branch, root of ethyl acetate fraction from R. javanica. To confirm effective each extraction, The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity assays, and the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated based on inhibitory activities on the protein and mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The phenolic compounds content of each extract was analyzed with Folin reagents and HPLC/PDA method. The gallic acids were identified and quantified. The roots of R. javanica showed strong antioxidant activity. Its total phenolic compounds content were higher than the orders. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity inhibited the protein and mRNA expression of nitric oxide production factor, following the same pattern as contents of phenolic compounds included gallic acid and its antioxidant activity. In conclusion, R. javanica showed effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Especially, the roots were evaluated to be highly valuable as a natural resource for reducing inflammation.

Antimicrobial Activities and Stability of Rhus Javanica L., Cinnamomum Verum and Rosmarinus Officinalis Extracts Used in the Manufacture of Cosmetics (화장품에 적용한 오배자·계피·로즈마리 추출물의 항균활성 및 안정성 검증)

  • Jeon, Hyeong Cheol;Lee, Jae-Nam
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.1020-1033
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    • 2020
  • This study attempted to investigate the usefulness of Rhus javanica L., Cinnamomum verum and Rosmarinus officinalis extracts which have antimicrobial and antioxidant effects without any harm on human health as natural preservatives. In terms of extraction, extraction by 70% ethanol and hot-water extraction were used for Cinnamomum verum and Rhus javanica L. respectively. For Rosmarinus officinalis, a mixed method (70% ethanol and hot-water extraction) was adopted. In terms of experimental methods, antimicrobial effects, antioxidant activity through DPPH and safety and stability of cosmetics were assessed, and a challenge test was performed, and the results found the followings: According to an antimicrobial test, good antimicrobial effects were found in bacteria (Rhus javanica L. extract) and fungi (Cinnamomum verum extract). In contrast, the Rosmarinus officinalis extract was set aside because of poor antimicrobial activity. In the mixed extract (Rhus javanica L. + Cinnamomum verum), antimicrobial effects were observed in 'complex C (mixed in a 1:1 ratio)' while both inhibitory and sterilizing effects were found in 5 different test strains at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). In addition, antioxidant effects were detected in non-mixed extract and mixed extract ('complex C'). Furthermore, a test on cosmetics which adopted '10% complex C' instead of synthetic preservative revealed safety and stability. Therefore, this study has confirmed the potential of the Rhus javanica L., Cinnamomum verum and Rosmarinus officinalis extracts as materials for natural preservatives.

Dyeability of Fabrics by Malt-fermented Materials and Mineral Water Mordanting -Effect of Mordanting with Hwangsu(mineral water) of Yeongcheon, Korea-

  • Park, Youngmi
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.270-280
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    • 2012
  • This study examined the dyeing characteristics of five oriental herbs, namely Gardenia jasminoides, Sophora japonica L., Rheum coreanum, Rhus javanica L., Ginkgo biloba L., on fabrics with traditional fermentation using malt. And the properties of Hwangsu (mineral water) of Yeongcheon (Korea)as a mordant in the post-treatment of textile were evaluated. The dyeability and fastness of cotton fabric and silk to light and washing as well as different fermentation periods and temperatures were investigated, and the following results were obtained. The dyeability of the fermented and non-fermented material did not show a significant difference. Fabrics mordanted with Hwangsu generally exhibited a reddish color due to the presence of iron. The dyeing of cotton fabric and silk by fermentation and Hwangsu mordanting were found to be effective on Rhus javanica L. and Rheum coreanum. These results were confirmed through fastness to light 3 of cotton on Rheum coreanum and 3-4 of silk on Rhus javanica L., respectively. The washing fastness of both fabrics dyed with fermented Rhus javanica L. and Rheum coreanum was improved, showing higher K/S value after washing than before washing.

Antioxidative Effect of Rhus javanica Linne Extract Against Hydrogen Peroxide or Menadione Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in HepG2 Cells

  • Chun, Chi-Sung;Kim, Ji-Hyun;Lim, Hyun-Ae;Sohn, Ho-Yong;Son, Kun-Ho;Kim, Young-Kyoon;Kim, Jong-Sang;Kwon, Chong-Suk
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.150-155
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    • 2004
  • The free radical scavenging activities and the protective effects of Rhus javanica extracts against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions were prepared from a methanol extract. DPPH radical, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were estimated. Intracellular ROS formation was quantified using fluorescent probes, 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) for hydroxyl radical and dihydroethidium (DHE) for superoxide anion. The oxidative DNA damage was investigated by the comet assay in HepG$_2$ cells exposed either to $H_2O$$_2$ or to menadione. The highest $IC_{50}$/ values for DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction with a value of 5.38 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Cells pretreated with $\geq$ 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL of the ethyl acetate extract had significantly increased cell viability compared to control cells, which were not pretreated with the extract. Intracellular ROS formation and DNA damage in HepG$_2$ cells, which were pretreated with the various concentrations of Rhus javanica ethyl acetate extract and then incubated either with $H_2O$$_2$ or with menadione, reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that Rhus javanica might have biologically active components which have strong protective effects against ROS induced oxidative damages to the biomolecules, such as cell membranes and DNA.

Screening of Natural Antioxidant from Plant and Their Antioxidative Effect (식물성 천연 항산화물질의 검색과 그 항산화력 비교)

  • Choi, Ung;Shin, Dong-Hwa;Chang, Young-Sang;Shin, Jae-Ik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.142-148
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    • 1992
  • Certain parts of 95 species of edible and medical plants were extracted with water and 75% of ethyl alcohol. After addition of those extracts to palm oil, lard and soybean oil at different level, their antioxidative activities were compared by Rancimat test. Six species among them seemed to have rather strong antioxidative activity and high extracting yields(i.e. Taraxacum platycarpum, Plantago asiatica, Rhus javanica L., Lycopus lucidus, Astragalus membranaceus, Taraxacum platycarpumH). Among them, the Rhus javanica L. ethanol extract retarded greatly the induction period of palm oil and lard. When 600 ppm of Rhus javanica L. extract were added to palm oil and lard, AI(antioxidant index was expressed as induction period of oil containing various plant extracts/induction period of control oil) of each was 1.35 and 3.03 respectively. This result indicated that the Rhus javanica L. extract was more effective on lard than the other oils.

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