• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2018

Objectives The incidence of degenerative diseases is increasing as society ages, and this increased the economic burden on society. Oxidative stress was also under suspicion as one of the causes. Recent studies have found that Curcuma longa Rhizoma had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticancer effects. Through this study, we figure out trends in Curcuma longa Rhizoma research and evaluate the therapeutic potential of Curcuma longa Rhizoma for dementia. Methods The search was made using domestic and international internet search sites. "Naver academic," "Google scholar," "Korea institute of oriental medicine (KIOM OASIS)," "Korean traditional knowledge portal (KTKP)," "Library of Congress," "Research information sharing service (RISS)," "National Digital Science Links (NDSL)," and "Pub med" are used to search. The searched for words were "turmeric," "Curcuma longa Rhizoma," "antioxidant," and "nerve regeneration." Results It could be seen that a lot of research done on Curcuma longa recently. In previous studies, the most common research disease was cancer. In previous studies, the most common effects of Curcuma longa was antioxidant and anticancer. Curcumin, Vitamin B1, and various essential oils were the functional components of Curcuma longa Rhizoma. Curcuma longa Rhizoma performs DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical cation decolorization activity; it inhibits NO and iNOS. Conclusion The destruction of nerve cells due to oxidative stress is a cause of dementia. Curcuma longa Rhizoma have antioxidant effects. Therefore, we believed that it is an effective treatment for dementia. Various studies will be made on Curcuma longa Rhizoma.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.37-48
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequently used herbal materials among herbal prescription for vascular dementia. Methods : Every article relevant to vascular dementia was initially obtained from a Korean database and PubMed. Keywords searched were 'vascular dementia', 'herbal medicine' and 'human'. Results : Clinical study, which vascular dementia were treated with herbal medicine, were 12. Among these 12 articles, 6 were case study, 1 was Controlled Clinical Trial and 5 were Ramdomized Controlled Trial (RCT). High frequently used herbal materials were Ginseng Radix (9 times), Cnidii Rhizoma (8 times), Glycyrrhizae Radix, Citri Pericarpium, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Gigantis Radix (6 times). Conclusions : We could know frequent-used herbal medicine for vascular dementia. To be aware of the frequently used herbal medicine for vascular dementia can be helpful in adding herbal materials to prescription in a clinical treatment and development of new drugs.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Acori Graminie Rhizoma Pharmacopuncture (PA-AG) at GV20 on cerebral ischemia-induced dementia in Mice. Methods : Mice were divided into the five following groups: normal, control, acupuncture, PA-AG (17 mg/kg), and PA-AG (34 mg/kg). All groups, except the normal group, had cerebral ischemia induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery. The control group was not treated. The acupuncture, PA-AG (17 mg/kg), and PA-GA (34 mg/kg) groups were treated every other day with a total of 6 treatments. The effect of treatment was observed by Bax, Bcl-2, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c, cresyl violet, and choline acetyltransferase staining. Results : In the PA-AG (34 mg/kg) group, the intensity of Bax was decreased and the intensity of Bcl-2 was increased. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio also decreased in the PA-AG (34 mg/kg) group. The intensity of cytochrome c protein stain was decreased in the PA-AG (17 mg/kg) group. The density of neurons stained by cresyl violet and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was increased in the AT, PA-AG (17 mg/kg), and PA-AG (34 mg/kg) groups when compared with that of the control group. Conclusion : PA-AG at GV20 was effective on cerebral ischemia-induced dementia in mice.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.43-57
• /
• 2010

Objectives: This study was designed to assess neuroprotective effects of herb medicine against Alzhheimer's disease related brain damage in organotypic hippocampal slice culture. Methods: We induced dementia related brain damage in organotypic hippocampal slices by $\beta$-amyloid. Those slices were treated with herb medicines - Hwangryeonhaedoktang, Sopungsoongiwon. Using by PI staining, the extents of cell death were assessed. After that, we selected the best effective one among those herb medicines and the major components of that medicine were studied to reveal neuroprotective effects and related proteins by using PI stating. Results: In PI staining, Sopungsoongiwon is the best effective herb medicine between Hwangryeonhaedoktang and Sopungsoongiwon. Notopterygii Rhizoma, Corni Fructus, Areca Catechu, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Plantaginis Semen is the best effective one among the components of Sopungsoongiwon. Conclusions: We suggested that purgative effect would be the best effetive medicine on dementia related brain damage between clearing heat and toxic materials.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2008

Objectives : Amnesia is theloss or impairment of memory, caused by physical injury, disease, drugs, or emotional trauma. Recently, the average life span is increasing, while at the same time, the incidence of dementia-like diseases in conjunction with amnesia are also increasing. Therefore learning and memory are very important issues in modern society. Ancient Korean physicians used several herbs to treat dementia and these herbal effects were described in Korean herbal books. Among them are some reports on several cognitive-enhancing herbs which have since been shown to improve dementia in recent pharmacological studies, such as Panax ginseng; however, the facilitatory effects of many Korean cognitive-enhancing herbs on learning and memory are limited. Learning and memory are essential requirements for every living organism in order to cope with environmental demands; cholinergic systems are known to be involved in learning and memory. Methods : In this study, the effects of Acori graminei rhizoma (AGR, 石菖蒲) on learning and memory were investigated by Morris water maze, eight-arm radial maze, and the effects on the central cholinergic system of rats injected with scopolamine. Results : In the water maze, the experimental animals were trained to find a platform in a fixed position for 6 days and then received a 60 sec probe trial in which the platform was removed from the pool on the 7th day. In the eight-arm radial maze, the animals were tested four times per day for 6 days. Scopolamine impaired performance of the maze tests and reduced activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in the hippocampus, which is a marker for the central cholinergic system. There were significant reversals from the scopolamine-induced deficits on learning and memory in these tests, through daily administrations of AGR (100 mg/kg, p.o.) over 14 consecutive days. These treatments also reduced the loss of cholinergic activity in the hippocampus induced by scopolamine. Conclusions : These results demonstrated that AGR ameliorated learning and memory deficits by affecting the central acetylcholine system.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.173-194
• /
• 2002

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a geriatric dementia that is widespread in old age. In the future AD will be the largest problem in public health service. From old times, Much medicines have been used for treatment of dementia, but there is no medicine having obvious effect. AD is one of brain retrogression disease. So We studied on herbal medicine that have a relation of brain retrogression. From old times, In Oriental Medicine, Rhizoma Acori Graminei has been used for disease in relation to brain retrogression. We studied on the effects of anti-Alzheimer in pCT105-induced neuroblastoma cell lines by Rhizoma Acori Graminei extract As the result of this study, In RAG group, the apoptosis in the nervous system is inhibited, the repair against the degerneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression is promoted. These results indicate that RAG possess strong inhibitory effect of apoptosis in the nervous system and repair effect against the degeneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.95-105
• /
• 2003

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a geriatric dementia that is widespread in old age. In the future AD will be the largest problem in public health service. From old times, Much medicines have been used for treatment of dementia, but there is no medicine having obvious effect. AD is one of brain retrogression disease. So We studied on herbal medicine that have a relation of brain retrogression. From old times, In Oriental Medicine, Radix Polygalae and Rhizoma Acori Graminei have been used for disease in relation to brain retrogression. We studied of anti-Alzheimer effect on CT105-induced neuroblastoma cell lines by Radix Polygalae(RP) and Rhizoma Acori Graminei(RAG) water extract. As the result of this study, In RP and RAG group, the apoptosis in the nervous system is inhibited, the repair against the degeneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression is induced. These results indicate that In RP and RAG, RAG possess the strongest in inhibitory effect of apoptosis in the nervous system and repair effect against the degeneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2021

Belamcandae Rhizoma (BR), the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., possesses various biological properties such as anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity and antimutagenic activity. However, there have been no studies on the anti-amnesic effect of BR. In this study, we assessed the improvement effect of BR extract on scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. ICR mice were administrated with BR (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and were subsequently injected of scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before behavioral tasks (Y-maze, passive avoidance and Morris water maze tasks). To further assess the possible mechanisms of BR, the ex vivo acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also evaluated. BR could ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory impairment and could regulate the cholinergic function by inhibiting the AChE activity. These data demonstrated that BR exert candidate extract against amnesia by restoring the cholinergic activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2016

Objectives : The study was aimed to analyze the correlation between Herbology and contemporary research results, KCD-codes and terms. The study will present information that can be used to find the direction of further researches and be applied to the education of Herbology.Methods : Papers were searched in OASIS and PubMed. Papers were then categorized as "medicine and pharmacy articles" or "articles unrelated to medicine and pharmacy." Medicine or pharmacy articles about Gastrodiae Rhizoma were matched with treatments in Herbology and KCD-codes. Medicine and pharmacy articles which did not research Gastrodiae Rhizoma mainly and articles unrelated to medicine and pharmacy were categorized and analyzed. KCD-codes and terms were arranged by treatments in Herbology. Research types, the number of papers, and the citation count were arranged by each treatment in Herbology. Degrees of Herbology research were represented as a table and a graph.Results : There were 148 Medicine and pharmacy articles about Gastrodiae Rhizoma, 76 medicine and pharmacy articles which did not studied Gastrodiae Rhizoma mainly, and 120 articles unrelated to medicine and pharmacy. Researches on Senility and hypertensive diseases were conducted to the degree of clinical research. Numbness of the limbs scored 617, Epilepsy and convulsions scored 257.Conclusions : The study suggests that there were 148 medicine and pharmacy articles about Gastrodiae Rhizoma. Epilepsy and convulsions were the most researched treatment in Herbology. Of the medicine and pharmacy articles tha t did not match treatments in Herbology, there were clinical research articles researching on senility which can be used in the Herbology education field.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.608-620
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study investigated the protective effects of the water extracts of Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma in an in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model. Methods : Memory impairment was induced by an intraventricular injection of $A{\beta}25-35$ peptides and subsequently Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, or Acori Graminei Rhizoma extract were administered orally for 14days. Results : In the water maze task, Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma extracts improved learning ability during the acquisition period and significantly increased memory scores during the retention period versus $A{\beta}-injected$ controls. Furthermore, the toxicity of $A{\beta}25-35$ on hippocampus was assessed immunohistochemically (Tau, MAP2, TUNEL, Bax) and by in vitro study. Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects against oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neurons damaged by $A{\beta}25-35$. Conclusions : These results suggested that Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix and Acori Graminei Rhizoma extract improve memory impairment and reduce Alzheimer's dementia via anti-apoptotic effects and by modulating the expressions of Tau and MAP2 protein in the hippocampus.