• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-${\gamma}$ (PPAR-${\gamma}$) ligand, pioglitazone, on production of regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome in infertile patients with endometriosis. Sixty-four infertile patients with stage III or IV endometriosis undergoing IVF were randomly allocated to the study or the control group. The long protocol of GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) was used for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in all patients. Patients in the study group were treated with pioglitazone at a dose of 15 mg/day orally from the starting day of GnRH-a treatment to the day of hCG injection. Blood samples were drawn for serologic assay of RANTES on the first day of GnRH-a treatment and the day of hCG injection. There were no differences between the study and control groups in patient characteristics. There were also no differences between the two groups in COS duration, and the numbers of retrieved oocytes, fertilized oocytes and embryos transferred. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was higher in the study group, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, embryo implantation rate was significantly higher in the study group of 12.5% compared with 8.6% in the control group (P<0.05). The serum RANTES levels after pioglitazone treatment were significantly lower than those before pioglitazone treatmen in the study group (P<0.05). Our data suggest that pioglitazone treatment can suppress RANTES production and improve the embryo implantation rate in patients with endometriosis undergoing IVF.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current growth via Growth indices, Obesity indices, Metabolic risk factors of Multicultural Families' Children in Dae-jeon area. Methods 5 to 12 year old children from 56 multicultural families were enrolled in this study, and were examined their bone age and body composition, and have received blood tests. Results 1. In Growth indices, average height percentile was $53.64{\pm}25.59%$. The AHP and MPH respectively, were converted into 20 years old adult height percentile, AHP of a girls was 40 percentile and MPH was 19 percentile, AHP of boys was 57 percentile and MPH was 21 percentile. 2. In Obesity indices, average of BMI pecentile was $44.16{\pm}29.52$; low-weight group (6 boys, 4 girls), normal-weight group (20 boys, 18 girls), over-weight group (8 girls). Average PWH was $100.51{\pm}15.66%$; low-weight group (9 boys, 5 girls), normal-weight group (14 boys, 15 girls), over-weight group (3 boys, 5 girls), obesity group (5 girls). 3. The results of the relationship between Growth indices and Obesity indices, 1) As RH percentile in boys was increased, skeletal maturity, AHP and AHP-MPH were also increased. Similarly, as RH percentile in girls was increased, skeletal maturity, AHP and AHP-MPH were also increased. 2) As skeletal maturity in boys was increased, BMI percentile was also increased. As skeletal maturity in girls was increased, AHP-MPH was decreased but had no significant differences. Conclusions Current growth of children in multicultural families was above the average when compared to that of average children in the same age. It was predicted that the boys' height were still above the average adult height, but the girls' height were below the average. Also this study showed that girls were more prone to be overweight than boys, thus requiring more intensive management and training in regards to eating habits and exercise.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.833-839
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• 2009

This study was to investigate the human's physiological responses and subjective sensations with wear trial through seasonal condition by age. Climate chamber was set $5^{\circ}C$, RH 45% for winter and $30^{\circ}C$, RH 65% for summer condition. Thirty male subjects were volunteered consisted of 10 people in their 20s, 40s, and 60s. In this study physiological responses such as rectal temperature, skin temperature, clothing microclimate, heart rate and blood pressure were measured. As for age, 60s was the highest in rectal temperature regardless of seasonal condition. In skin temperature, 40s was the highest in winter and 20s was the highest in summer. In clothing microclimate temperature and heart rate, 20s was the highest regardless of seasonal condition. And blood pressure was appeared the highest in 20s regardless of seasonal condition. Subjective sensations such as temperature sensation, wetness sensation and thermal comfort were measured. The subjects revealed that temperature sensation was higher 20s than 60s. Compare of other age group, 60s felt colder in the same environment and clothing. It suggested that temperature susceptibility in 60s became weakened showing no change sensation during the cold exposure. Wetness sensation was higher 20s than 60s. Thermal comfort of 60s was felt more discomfortable than any other age group. This means require the supplement of a suitable clothing in order to adjust to change of environmental conditions.

• 대한수혈학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2018

배경: 대량수혈은 혈액은행의 상당한 집중을 요하게 된다. 이 연구의 목적은 아주대병원의 대량 수혈에 사용된 혈액제제와 외상센터에서 응급환자들을 위하여 직접 사용되었던 O형 Rh 양성농축적혈구를(이하 O형 혈액) 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 대량수혈은 24시간 이내 10 단위 이상의 적혈구제제를 수혈 받은 것으로 정의하였다. 수혈을 포함한 진료 기록은 병원정보시스템에서 추출하여 검토하였다. 병원정보시스템을 통하여 2016년 3월부터 2017년 11월까지 출고된 총 적혈구제제, 신선동결혈장, 혈소판제제(성분채집혈소판 혹은 농축혈소판)에 대한 정보를 검토하였다. 한 단위의 성분채집혈소판은 6 단위의 농축혈소판과 동일한 것으로 간주하였다. 결과: 345건의 대량수혈이 발생하였으며, 적혈구제제 11.7% (6233/53268), 신선동결혈장 24.3% (4717/19376), 그리고 혈소판제제 4.8% (4473/94166)가 대량수혈에 사용되었다(P<0.001). 대량수혈과 비대량수혈에 사용된 적혈구제제의 혈액형은 각각 A형 28.0%와 34.1%, B형 27.1%와 26.0%, O형 37.3%와 29.7% 그리고 AB형 7.5%와 10.2%였다(P<0.001). 적혈구제제:신선동결혈장:혈소판제제의 비율은 대량수혈은 1:0.76:0.72인 반면, 비대량수혈은 1:0.31:1.91을 나타내었다. 응급 O형 혈액은 461 단위가 대량수혈 환자의 36.2% (125/34)에서 사용되었으며, 한 환자당 사용된 응급 O형 혈액은 1~18단위까지 다양하였다. 결론: O형 적혈구는 대량수혈시 많이 이용되므로 대량수혈시 응급 O형 혈액의 남용을 최소화하기 위한 의료진들의 지속적인 교육이 필요하다. 신선동결혈장도 대량수혈시 자주 사용되므로 대량수혈시 즉시 가용할 수 있는 혈장 해동에 대한 수기를 갖추는 것이 중요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한수혈학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.320-327
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• 2018

72세 남자 환자가 전신 무력감을 호소하면서 본원 혈액내과 외래로 내원하였다. 환자는 내원 2년 전 온난자가항체에 의한 자가면역용혈빈혈로 진단받고 치료 중이었다. 내원 당시 환자의 혈색소 수치는 6.3 g/dL로, 빈혈을 교정하기 위해 수혈이 의뢰되었다. 환자의 혈액형은 A형, RhD 양성이었고, 비예기항체 검사에서 범응집 소견 및 자가대조검사에서 양성 소견을 보이고 과거 교차시험에서 최소반응강도를 보이는 적혈구 3단위를 수혈받은 기왕력이 있어, ABO 동형의 적혈구와 교차시험을 하여 최소반응강도를 보이는 적혈구 1단위를 출고하였다. 환자는 수혈을 받은 후 별다른 증상 없이 귀가하였으나, 귀가 후 약 5시간 후부터 발생한 발열, 오한, 호흡곤란, 복통, 혈뇨를 주소로 수혈 다음 날 본원 응급실로 내원하였다. Polyethylene glycol을 이용한 자가흡착검사 후 획득한 상층액을 이용하여 시행한 비예기항체검사에서 항-$Fy^a$가 동정되어, 자가 항체에 의해 가려져 수혈 전에 검출하지 못한 항-$Fy^a$에 의한 급성용혈성수혈반응으로 진단하였다. 본 증례를 통해 자가항체가 동정되는 환자에 대해서 반드시 공존하는 동종항체 확인에 대한 고려가 필요하다는 것을 인지하게 되었고, 이런 자가항체를 제거하여 검사하기 위해 자가흡착검사 방법에 대해 좀 더 익숙해질 필요가 있다는 경험을 하였다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on the status of physiological responses, blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol, and heat shock proteins (HSP 27, 70, and 90) of Hanwoo cattle. Six Hanwoo steers (242.8 ± 7.2 kg of BW) were housed in the climate-controlled respiration chambers. The experiment consisted of 7 days (control; 0 day) at thermoneutral (air temperature (Ta) of 15℃ and relative humidity (RH) of 60%; temperature-humidity index (THI) = 64), and by 3 and 6 days (treatment groups) at heat stress (Ta of 35℃ and RH of 60%; THI = 87). Body temperature of each parts (frank, rump, perineum and foot) and rectal temperature elevated in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days) than the control group (0 day). Respiration rates increased in 3 days and 6 days (88.5 ± 0.96 bpm and 86.3 ± 0.63 bpm, respectively) from 0 days (39.5 ± 0.65 bpm). Feed intake significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 3.7 ± 0.14 kg and 4.0 ± 0.15 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 5.0 ± 0.00 kg). In addition, final BW significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 211.8 ± 4.75 kg and 215.5 ± 3.50 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 240.0 ± 25.00 kg). However, heat stress has no significant effect on blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol. Nevertheless, heat stress increased HSPs mRNA expression in liver tissue, and serum concentration of HSPs. Despite Hanwoo cattle may have high adaptive ability to heat stress, our results suggested that heat stress directly effect on body temperature and respiration rate as well as serum and tissue HSPs. Therefore, we are recommended that HSPs could be the most appropriate indicators of Hanwoo cattle response to heat stress.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2011

Objective: Although recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has revolutionized the treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving hemodialysis (HD) with no need of blood transfusion, some patients have a blunted or appear to be resistant to rhEPO. There is a controversy in the causes of rhEPO resistance in maintenance HD patients with anemia. This study is to examine current anemia treatment outcomes and the factors influencing the rhEPO responsiveness in HD patient with CKD. Methods: The clinical parameters or factors relating to erythrompoietin treatment outcomes and erythropoietin responsiveness were collected from the HD patients in two large dialysis centers for three months. The collected paramenters included serum iron, total iron biding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation rate, ferritin, albumin, intact PTH, C-reactive protein (CRP), nPCR and medications such as an angiotensin converting enzyme inhbitor, an angiotension II receptor blocker and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (HMG-CoA RI). The data were analyzed to examine the degree of acheiveing the anemia treatment goal and factors relating to ERI. Results: Among total 111 patients, 42 (42.3%) and 47 (37.8%) patients achieved the target Hct and Hb based on the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services (HIRA) reimbursement criteria. In the higher ERI group (upper quartile), the patients had higher CRP levels (0.5 mg/dl) (p=0.0096), and lower TIBC score (<$240{\mu}g/dl$) (p=0.0027), and less patients were taking HMG-CoA RI (p=0.0019). Male patients (p=0.0204), patients with high TIBC score ($R^2$=0.084, p=0.0021) and patients taking HMG-CoA RI (p=0.0052) required to administer less dose of rhEPO meaning higher erythropoietin responsiveness. Conclusion: Less than 50% of CKD patients were achieving the goals of anemia by erythropoietin administration in large hospitals in Korea even though the goals were lower than those of NKF-K/DOQI practice guideline. The factors influencing ERI were sex, TIBC and HMG-CoA RI administration status, and neither an ACEI nor an ARB did not influence ERI.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 1996

DWP401, a recombinant human epidermal growth factor, was subcutaneously administered to ICR mice at the dose levels of 0, 0.04, 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg/day (15rats/sex/group) in order to evaluate the subchronic toxicity. General observations, examinations for food and water consumption, ophthalmoscopy and urinalysis were carried out during the study. For the complete gross and microscopic examinations, 10 mice/ sex/group were sacrificed at the ends of the dosing period, and the remaining animals were sacrificed with a 5 week recovery period. Examinations for hematology and blood biochemistry were also carried out at the time of recovery period. Based on the results, it was thought that the target tissue or organs were mesothelial cell, injection site, spleen, adrenal gland, ovary and transitional epithelial cell of urinary tract, and no observed toxic level of DWP401 was 0.04 mg/kg while definite toxic dose level might be 0.2 mg/kg.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2010

Fermented red ginseng (FRG) was prepared by inoculating 0.1% Lactobacillus fermentum NUC-C1 and fermenting them at $40^{\circ}C$ for 12 hours. The ginsenoside contents of FRG were increased compared with those of red ginseng (RG). Moreover, the levels of the ginsenosides Rg2, Rg3, and Rh2 in FRG increased significantly. In an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood glucose levels were lower in animals fed with RG and FRG extracts than in normal controls. In particular, FRG extracts in OGTT were superior to RG extracts. The antidiabetic effects of FRG in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Rats were divided into four groups: normal control, diabetes mellitus (DM), FRG administered at 100 mg/kg, and FRG administered at 200 mg/kg groups. FRG extracts were orally administered to each treatment group for 3 weeks, and blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels of each group were determined. Orally administered FRG extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased plasma insulin levels in diabetic rats. Additionally, the activities of disaccharidases, including sucrase, lactase, and maltase, were decreased significantly in the FRG groups. FRG groups also had reduced triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, compared with the DM group. These results suggest that FRG may have antidiabetic effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2016

1. 목적 성조숙증은 2차성징의 발달이 여아에서는 8세 이전 남아에선 9세 이전에 조기 2차성징이 출현하는 증상으로 골단의 조기 폐쇄를 일으켜 결국 최종 성인 신장의 감소를 가져오는 질환이다. 본 연구는 성조숙증으로 내원한 여아들의 GnRH(Gonado-tropin-releasing Hormone) 자극검사 결과와 의무기록을 후향 분석하여 진단별 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 2. 방법 2015년 2월부터 2015년 12월까지 분당서울대병원 소아청소년 내분비내과를 내원한 여아 118명을 대상으로 하였다. 의무기록을 후향 분석하여 대상 환아들은 진성 성조숙증(true precocious puberty) 57명, 조기사춘기(early puberty) 39명, 유방 조기발육군(premature thelarche) 22명을 진단별로 분류하였다. 진단 당시의 신장, 체중, Tanner stage, 골연령, 역연령, 부모의 키, GnRH 검사에서 LH, FSH와 E2 (Estradiol) Basal 값도 함께 조사하였다. 성선 자극호르몬 결과값 LH (Basal,30min,45min,60min) FSH(Basal,30min,60min)을 비교하여 각 그룹별 LH, FSH Peak치 분포도와 LH 최고치/LH 기저치 비율에 대한 평균${\pm}$표준편차와 LH 최고치/FSH 최고치 비율에 대한 평균${\pm}$표준편차를 비교하여 각 3그룹 간 유의확률(P-value) 값을 구하였다. 골연령의 측정은 Greulich-Pyle법(왼쪽 수근골 X선 사진을 촬영하여 골성숙도를 평가하는 방법- 6개월 단위의 표준손목사진을 보고 비교해서 골연령을 유추하는 방식)을 이용한 소아 청소년 내분비내과 교수가 직접 판독한 결과로 사용하였고 GnRH 검사는 합성 LHRH 100 ug을 정맥 주사하여 LH는 Basal, 30분, 45분,60분 후에 채혈된 결과값과 FSH는 Basal, 30분, 60분후에 채혈된 결과값을 조사하였다. 3. 결과 진성성조숙증그룹의 평균 키는$131{\pm}14.85$, 평균체중은 $8.80{\pm}4.93$, 평균역연령은 $7.1{\pm}0.81$, 평균 골연령은 $9.9{\pm}0.9$, 조기사춘기 그룹의 평균키는 $134{\pm}5.10$, 평균체중은 $28.50{\pm}4.43$, 평균역연령은 $8.05{\pm}0.03$, 평균 골연령은 $10.0{\pm}0.62$, 유방조기발육군의 평균 키는 $129{\pm}6,01$ 평균체중은 $28.65{\pm}5.98$, 평균역연령은 $7.02{\pm}0.58$ 평균 골연령은 $8.04{\pm}1.29$로 세 그룹간에 키와 체중 비교 시 유의한 차이가 없었고 역연령(P < 0.0001), 골연령( P< 0.0001), 골연령과 역연령과의 차이(P < 0.0002 )에서는 그룹간 유의한 차이가 있었다. 각 그룹별 LH, FSH Peak치 분포도 비교시 진성성조숙증 그룹은 LH 30분-82.5%, 45분-12.3%, 60분-5.3%, FSH 30분-8.8%, 60분-91.2%로 높은 Peak치를 보였고 조기사춘기 그룹은 LH 30분-79.5%, 45분-17.9%, 60분-2.6%, FSH 30분-7.7%, 60분 -92.32%로 높은 Peak치를 나타내었다. 유방조기 발육군 그룹에서는 LH 30분-30%, 45분-59%, 60분-9.09%, FSH 30분 -0%, 60분-100%로 Peak치를 나타내었다. LH Peak/LH basal ratio 비교시 진성성조숙증 그룹은 $19.09{\pm}17.15$, 조기사춘기 그룹은 $15.23{\pm}10.88$ 유방조기 발육군 그룹은 $4.93{\pm}4.36$으로 3 그룹간 유의한 차이를 보였다(P < 0.0001). LH Peak/FSH Peak ratio 비교시 진성성조숙증 그룹은 $1.222{\pm}0.77$, 조기사춘기 그룹은 $1.34{\pm}1.23$ 유방조기 발육군 그룹은 $0.3{\pm}0.09$로 3 그룹간 유의한 차이(P < 0.0001)를 보였다. 4. 결론 여아들의 진성성조숙증을 진단하기 위한 GnRH Test 검사는 자극 후 30분과 60분 사이에 LH 최고치가 기저치에 비해 2~3배 이상 증가 되어 있거나 또는 5~10 IU/L 이상 증가되었을 때 유용한 판정 자료로 이용 될 수 있는 핵의학 연속검사라고 사료되어진다.