• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2000

Stand-alone global position system receiver based on C/A code tracking generates position error of 100m mainly due to the selective availability and ionospheric and tropospheric delay errors. The differential GPS is the most commonly used method for removing those bias range error components. The relative GPS, although somewhat restrictive in its use, is ideally suited to the car monitoring system for improved Automatic Vehicle location, especially where the DGPS infrastructure is not available. The RGPS does not require any additional hardware, facility or external infrastructure and can be operated within the system with existing host computer and communication link. This paper presents detailed description of the RGPS concept and its implementation for real-time data processing. Performance of RGPS is evaluated with real data and is compared with DGPS.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2013

Purpose: This research was performed to measure and analyze scotopic pupil size in myopes and to figure out the factors that influence it. Methods: The pupil size of 191 healthy myopic subjects were measured with the pupillometer (Colvard pupillometer, OASIS medical, USA) in scotopic and analyzed with the age, corneal size, spherical equivalent refractive error, corneal curvature. In addition, it was compared with the measurements of intra-examiner and inter-examiner to verify reproducibility of pupillometer. Results: The mean (${\pm}$SD) scotopic pupil size was $6.64{\pm}0.68$ mm (range, 5.00~8.00 mm), the lower age and the larger corneal size, The bigger the pupil size. The lower spherical equivalent refractive error and steepper corneal curvature tends to be smaller. The reproducibility of intra-examiner and inter-examiner in pupillometer showed the reliability highly (Guttman splithalf point > 0.91). Conclusions: The pupil size associated with age, corneal size, spherical equivalent refractive error and corneal curvature in scotopic condition. It can refer to prevent inconvenience that may occur RGP contact lenses, cataract surgery and refractive surgery.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2013

In this study, we developed and evaluated the patient respiration training method which can help to avoid the problems for the limitation of RGRT applicable patient cases. By using the MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical-system) acceleration sensor, we measured movement of motion phantom. We had compared the response of MEMS with commercially introduced real time patient monitoring (RPM) system. We measured the response of the MEMS with 1 dimensional motion phantom movement for 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 second of period and the 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 cm of the amplitudes. The measured period error of the MEMS system was 0.6~6.0% compared with measured period using RPM system. We found that the shape of MEMS signals were similar with RPM system. From this study, we found the possibility of MEMS as patient training system.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.507-514
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• 2010

This study was performed to reduce unpleasant taste and flavor of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume as well as to improve utilization as functional food materials using fermentation. The component, antioxidant activity, and taste test were compared between fresh and fermented $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder (FGP). FGP contained higher level of total fat, protein, mineral, and fiber than raw material. The pH of FGP was higher compared to raw $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder (RGP), and antioxidant activity was as high as vitamin C regardless material status (raw vs. fermented). This result indicated that its activity was not decreased by fermentation. Dispersiveness and solubility of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder was the best in 60-70 mesh. For sensory evaluation, FGP or RGP was mixed with either orange juice or yoghurt. The results showed that overall preference, taste, flavor, texture, and color were better in fermented $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume drinks than in raw ones. It is plausible that unpleasant taste and flavor of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume was declined by fermentation. Thus, fermentation can be easily applied to eliminate unpleasant smell in $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume, and FGP can be mixed with other beverages to produce healthy food and drinks.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.209-219
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• 2015

In order to explore an effect of interaction of Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis that are bacteria relevant to periodontal disease on its growth, the bacteria were incubated in trypticase soy hemin menadione broth at $37^{\circ}C$ $CO_2$ incubator for 7 days through anaerobic jar by single and co-culture with heat treated dead bacteria under anaerobic gas pack. In order to confirm growth level, absorbance was measured and for confirming colony structure and form, it was observed with scanning electron microscope. In order to confirm an effect on pathogenicity of P. gingivalis, real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was implemented for expression analysis for rgpA gene that produces HRgpA which is gingipain. As a result, the following conclusion was obtained. Colony formation of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis was increased by other dead bacteria and in case of F. nucleatum, its colony formation was showed an aspect of being increased by dead bacterium of P. gingivalis but decreased by dead bacterium of S. gordonii. Therefore, it is considered that the strains being used for this study would affect interactively through bacterial cell itself as well as their interaction factor at the time of colony formation.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1089-1096
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth (ACD) of eyes with Keratoconus in the Korean population with the Pentacam. Methods: The subjects consisted of 84 eyes from Keratoconic adults aged 7-59 years during 2010. The thinnest area, apex zone, and pupil centre of the corneal thickness were measured using the Pentacam pachymetry. ACD value was also measured with Pentacam. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between thickness of the cornea at the apex area and the pupil centre (p=0.0001). However, there was no statistical difference (p>0.5) in the mean thickness of thinnest area, apex zone, pupil centre of cornea between right eye and left eye. Also, correlation between ACD and corneal thickness in all subjects had no statistical differences (p>0.05) in all subjects. Conclusion: These results suggested that the regional thickness of cornea and ACD with Pentacam can provide correct and useful diagnostic information of the morphology of Keratoconus for the RGP contact lens and diagnosis of abnormal corneal refraction surgery.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1205-1214
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• 2019

Purpose: To investigate the effect of color soft contact lenses on the corneal thickness in young Korean population. Methods: The subjects consisted of 112 eyes (7 males, 49 females) with the mean age of $20.987{\pm}1.093years$ (range 20-25 years) in young Korean population during 2018. Test was compared the corneal thickness before and after wearing color soft contact lenses. The thinnest cornea thickness(TCT), central cornea thickness(CCT), pupil centre thickness(PCT), superior corneal thickness(SCT),inferior corneal thickness(ICT), medial corneal thickness(MCT), lateral corneal thickness(LCT) of the cornea was measured using the Pentacam pachymetry. The statistically analysis was perform the Shaparo-Wilk test. Results: The right eye was a statistically significant among the CCT,LCT, MCT and TCT values(p<0.001) in the compared the corneal thickness before and after wearing soft colour contact lenses. Also the left eye was a statistically significant among the LCT and MCT values(p<0.001) in the compared the corneal thickness before and after wearing soft colour contact lenses. However, there was no statistical difference (p>0.5) in the mean PCT between before and after wearing color soft contact lenses. Conclusion: These results suggested that the color soft contact lens wear can the effect the regional thickness of cornea. Therefore, the analysis of corneal topography with Pentacam can provide correct and useful diagnostic information of the morphology of the RGP contact lens fitting and diagnosis of corneal refraction surgery.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

An attempt was made to link rice embryo proteins to DNA sequences and to understand their functions. One hundred of the 700 spots detected on the embryo 2-DE gels were microsequenced. Of these, 28% of the embryo proteins were matched to DNA sequences with known functions, but 72% of the proteins were unknown in functions as previously reported (Woo et al. 2002). In addition, twenty-four protein spots with 100% of homology and nine with over 80% were matched to ESTs (expressed sequence tags) after expanding the amino acid sequences of the protein spots by Database searches using the available rice EST databases at the NCBI (http://www/ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and DDBJ (http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/). The chromosomal location of some proteins were also obtained from the rice genetic map provided by Japanese Rice Genome Research Program (http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp). The DNA sequence databases including EST have been reported for rice (Oryza sativa L.) now provides whole or partial gene sequence, and recent advances in protein characterization allow the linking proteins to DNA sequences in the functional analysis. This work shows that proteome analysis could be a useful tool strategy to link sequence information and to functional genomics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.705-709
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• 2021

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of tissues around the teeth. Periodontitis is known to be related to other diseases, such as oral cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and rheumatism. Thus, a precise and sensitive test to detect P. gingivalis is necessary for the early diagnosis of periodontitis. The objective of this study was to optimize a rapid visual detection system for P. gingivalis. First, we performed a visual membrane immunoassay using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; blue) and coating and detection antibodies that could bind to the host laboratory strain, ATCC 33277. Antibodies against the P. gingivalis surface adhesion molecules RgpB (arginine proteinase) and Kgp (lysine proteinase) were determined to be the most specific coating and detection antibodies, respectively. Using these two selected antibodies, the streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reaction was performed using a nitrocellulose membrane and visualized with a detection range of 10³-10⁵ bacterial cells/ml following incubation for 15 min. These selected conditions were applied to test other oral bacteria, and the results showed that P. gingivalis could be detected without cross-reactivity to other bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia fergusonii. Furthermore, three clinical strains of P. gingivalis, KCOM 2880, KCOM 2803, and KCOM 3190, were also recognized using this optimized enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system. To conclude, we established optimized conditions for P. gingivalis detection with specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity. These results could be utilized to manufacture economical and rapid detection kits for P. gingivalis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2023

This research was conducted to investigate the comprehensive effects of methanol extract of Coptidis rhizoma (MECR) against oral pathogen. We studied the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, anti-gingipain and anti-inflammatory activity of MECR. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of MECR was 100 ㎍/mL against several oral pathogens. The formation of biofilm of Streptococcus mutans was reduced to 8.93~24.12% in the presence of 25 ㎍/mL of MECR. The gingipain activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis were reduced to 3.91~6.23% in case of Kgp and 5.73~7.78% in case of Rgp in the presence of 10 mg/mL of MECR. The expression of fadA mRNA, virulence factor of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) was 3 folds decreased in the presence of 25 ㎍/mL of MECR. In case of YD-38 cells challenged with F. nucleatum, RQ values of IL-8 and IL-6 were reduced about 12 folds and 5.45 folds in the presence of 2 ㎍/mL of MECR. In case of RAW 264.7 murine cell challenged with F. nucleatum, RQ values of IL-1β and IL-6 were 2.52 folds and 2.55 folds reduced in the presences of 2 ㎍/mL of MECR. Conclusively, MECR showed potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects against oral pathogenic bacteria.