• Knee surgery & related research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2018

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes between the open posterior approach and arthroscopic suture fixation for displaced posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures. Methods: A literature search was performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases. The inclusion criteria were as follows: papers written in English on displaced PCL avulsion fractures, clinical trial(s) with clear description of surgical technique, adult subjects, a follow-up longer than 12 months and modified Coleman methodology score (CMS) more than 60 points. Results: Twelve studies were included with a mean CMS value of 72.4 (standard deviation, 7.6). Overall, 134 patients underwent the open posterior approach with a minimum 12-month follow-up, and 174 patients underwent arthroscopic suture fixation. At final follow-up, the range of Lysholm score was 85-100 for the open approach and 80-100 for the arthroscopic approach. Patients who were rated as normal or nearly normal in the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee assessment were 92%-100% for the open approach and 90%-100% for the arthroscopic approach. The range of side-to-side difference was 0-5 mm for both approaches. Conclusions: Both arthroscopic and open methods for the treatment of PCL tibial-side avulsion injuries resulted in comparably good clinical outcomes, radiological healing, and stable knees.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

Objectives: Eating self-efficacy is an important predictor of successful weight control behaviors during obesity treatment. The Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire (WEL) is an internationally used measure of eating self-efficacy. The objective of this study was to develop the Korean version of WEL (K-WEL) and verify face validity. Methods: According to previously published guidelines, the cross-cultural translation was conducted through organizing the expert committee, translation, back-translation, synthesis, grammar review, and final synthesis. Following the translation of the WEL into Korean, face validity was performed for 35 subjects. Results: After all the versions of the questionnaire were examined, the translated WEL questionnaires were finally synthesized and licensed by the developer in writing. Regarding the translated WEL questionnaires, seven out of 35 subjects (20%) offered ideas about ambiguous expressions in them. All four points indicated in the face validity verification were additionally modified for greater clarity and understanding. Conclusions: We developed the Korean version of WEL and completed face validity. In future research, it would be necessary to provide further study on the reliability and validity of the Korean version of WEL.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1256-1271
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a basic standard tool for pattern identification in hyperthyroidism. Method: It was based on a review of the published literature in China and Korea. The advisory committee on this study included 8 internal medicine professors from Korean Medicine Schools and 2 who had a doctor's degree and specialized in internal medicine. We were advised about the importance of pattern identification, weight gain as a symptom, the importance of treatment, changes in symptoms, rare changes in symptoms, and frequency of prescriptions regarding hyperthyroidism. Results: A Korean instrument of pattern identification was completed. Conclusion: We sincerely look forward to improving the instrument through continuous clinical studies.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.647-658
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• 2021

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has implemented a self-governing environmental impact assessment system (Jeju-EIAS) in recognition of its autonomy. In this study, the institutional features of Jeju-EIAS were examined by analyzing the development projects whose consultation under Jeju-EIAS were completed from 1994 to 2019. The consultation procedure of Jeju-EIAS, such as the actual operation of Review Committee for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), the consent of the provincial council, and the regular follow-up activities for the implementation of EIA consultations, has been implemented differently from those of other metropolitan cities and provinces. Under Jeju-EIAS, types of development projects subject to consultation on EIA also take into account local conditions, and include the construction of aquarium basin and building. In addition, provisions concerning the scale of development projects is strengthened above the Korean Environmental Impact Assessment Act (EIA Act).

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2021

As the High Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor (HANARO) has been recently required to support new R&D relevant to future nuclear systems requiring a much higher neutron fluence, the development of irradiation capsule technology for long-term irradiation testing was performed in three steps (3, 5, 10 dpa). At first, several design improvements of a standard capsule were suggested based on a failure analysis of the capsule and successfully applied for irradiation testing at HANARO at up to eight reactor operation cycles equivalent to 3 dpa. Based on a schematic stress analysis of the vulnerable parts of the previous capsule, an optimized design of the capsule was made for 5 dpa irradiation. The newly designed capsule was safely out-pile tested up to 450 days, which was equivalent to 5 dpa irradiation in the reactor. The test results were submitted to the Reactor Safety Review Committee of HANARO and irradiation testing for 5 dpa was approved. The capsule was also successfully out-pile tested to evaluate the possibility of irradiation testing for 10 dpa. For a higher neutron fluence exceeding 10 dpa, new capsule technologies, including a new capsule that has a different bottom design and neutron flux boosting capsule, were also suggested.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.256-265
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• 2021

Purpose: This study presents a translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of two instruments of the Fertility Awareness and Attitudes Towards Parenthood (FAAP) questionnaire (Conditions and Life changes) for use in South Korea. Methods: This methodological study included 166 university students for psychometric evaluation in the sixth step. The first five steps included forward translation, backward translation, committee review, assessment of content validity, and a pre-test. In the sixth step, psychometric properties, including internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity, were evaluated. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to identify the structure of the tool and to assess its validity. Results: The Korean version showed acceptable internal consistency. Cronbach's α was .73 for FAAP-Conditions and .83 for FAAP-Life changes. FAAP-Conditions showed a four-factor structure (social conditions, relationship with partner, external environment, and child-rearing support) and FAAP-Life changes had a two-factor structure (reward and burden). In the confirmatory analysis, CMIN/DF, TLI, IFI, SRMR, CFI, and RMSEA were satisfactory. Conclusion: This study provided preliminary evidence of the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Korean version of the FAAP questionnaire in university students in South Korea. Nonetheless, further evaluation among Korean young adults is warranted to validate this instrument.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2022

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) entails independent decision-making for the safety supervision of civil nuclear facilities. To evaluate and review the safety of nuclear facilities, the national regulatory body usually consults independent institutions or external committees. Technical Support Organizations (TSOs) include national laboratories, research institutions, and consulting organizations. Support from professional organizations in other countries may also be required occasionally. Most of the world's major nuclear power countries adopt an independent nuclear safety supervision model. Accordingly, China has continuously improved upon the construction of such a system by establishing the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) as the decision-making department for nuclear and radiation safety supervision, six regional safety supervision stations, the Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center (NSC), a nuclear safety expert committee, and the National Nuclear and Radiation Safety Supervision Technology R&D Base, which serves as the test, verification, and R&D platform for providing consultation and technical support. An R&D system, however, remains to be formed. Future endeavors must focus on improving the technical support capacity of these systems. As an enhancement from institutional independence to capability independence is necessary for ensuring the independence of China's nuclear safety regulatory institution, its regulatory capacity must be improved in the future.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2019

Stomach cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. The incidence of stomach cancer is declining worldwide, however, gastric cancer still remains the third most common cause of cancer death. The tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging system has been frequently used as a method for cancer staging system and the most important reference in cancer treatment. In 2016, the classification of gastric cancer TNM staging was revised in the 8^th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) edition. There are several modifications in stomach cancer staging in this edition compared to the 7^th edition. First, the anatomical boundary between esophagus and stomach has been revised, therefore the definition of stomach cancer and esophageal cancer has refined. Second, N3 is separated into N3a and N3b in pathological classification. Patients with N3a and N3b revealed distinct prognosis in stomach cancer, and these results brought changes in pathological staging. Several large retrospective studies were conducted to compare staging between the 7^th and 8^th AJCC editions including prognostic value, stage grouping homogeneity, discriminatory ability, and monotonicity of gradients globally. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the clinical and pathological implications of AJCC 8^th staging classification in the stomach cancer.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.114-118
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• 2023

Multiple cohorts (e.g., current students and graduates) were formed to collect information on the entire educational process from admission to graduation regarding students' educational performances at Kosin University College of Medicine. Data that had already been collected and analyzed by different committees for different purposes were grouped into a more systematic and comprehensive system called the cohort system, enabling the necessary data to be collected promptly and analyzed in accordance with the purpose of providing meaningful information in each area of the educational process. Therefore, comprehensive cohort data that can be used for mission statement revision, curriculum development and improvement, student counseling, and student selection were established and utilized. The cohort data were collected from performance evaluation indicators including self-evaluation surveys, evaluation tools for learning outcomes, academic achievement, results of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination, and career placement. Based on the results obtained by analyzing cohort data, a comprehensive cohort report has been published. The data analyzed through the cohort were reported to each committee and used in various ways. Currently, however, only some data have been analyzed and used. In the future, after complete data collection, the cohort data can be used as meaningful basic data for achieving the institution's mission and educational goals, developing and improving the curriculum, counseling students, and selecting students through the analysis of learning performance data from student admission to graduation and after graduation.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2023

최근 국내·외 적으로 AI 기반의 MUM-T 복합전투체계 고도화와 이를 통한 산업의 활성화가 글로벌 이슈로 급부상하고 있다. 그러나 우리의 국방부 방위사업법은 무기체계 자체기기 중심으로 MUM-T 실증이 이루어져 무기체계의 운용 부분에 대한 고도화에 NATO 선도국 대비 다소 미흡한 것으로 판단된다. 우리의 미래 글로벌 UGV, UAV, UMS 등 MUM-T 복합전투체계의 국제경쟁력 강화를 위해서는 자율화 MUM-T 개념 정립, 자율화·상호운용성·데이터 표준화 기반의 국방 AI MUM-T 최상위 플랫폼 구축과 운용, 국가과학기술자문회의와 같은 대통령소속의 국방혁신위원회의 신설과 심의·자문 기능 강화·추가가 요구된다.