• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2022

Purpose: This study discusses how Indonesia's response to the Corona Virus Disease-19 pandemic based on the perspective of housing policy capacity which consists of resources, organizations, and networks, politics, systems, and finance. Research design, data and methodology: This study used a qualitative method through a literature review. Data collection techniques were carried out by searching various sources and literature related to housing capacity theory and various data on Indonesia's response to the Covid 19 pandemic. Based on a literature review, this study adapted and modified the five components of capacity, namely resource capacity, organizational and network capacity, political capacity, system capacity and financial capacity in Indonesia in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic. Data analysis used analytical themes which consist of understanding the data, generating initial codes, looking for themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, producing of manuscripts. Results: The results show that the weakness of the system capacity greatly affects Indonesia's housing policy capacity in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic and on the other hand the five housing capacities are an integrated process within the housing policy framework in Indonesia, especially to overcome the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The findings of this study are the importance of building a system capacity that is directly integrated with housing policy and the strengthening of the resources capacity, organizations, and networks, politics, and finance in the context of Indonesia's housing policy, especially in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic situation.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.124-124
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• 2020

This study proposes a framework to evaluate extreme drought using the natural drought index and hot spot analysis. The study area was South Korea. Data were used from 59 automatic synoptic observing system stations. The variable infiltration capacity model was used for the period from 1981 to 2016. The natural drought index was constructed from precipitation, runoff and soil moisture data, which reflect the water cycle. The average interval, duration and severity of extreme drought events were determined following Run theory. The most extreme drought period occurred in 2014-2016, with 46 of 59 weather stations exhibition drought conditions and 78% exhibition extreme drought conditions. The Inje and Seosan station exhibited the longest drought duration of 6 months, and the most severe drought was 5 times higher than the extreme drought severity threshold. The hot spot analysis was used to explore the extreme drought conditions and showed an increasing trend in the middle and northeastern parts of South Korea. Overall, this study provides water resource managers with essential information about locations and significant trends of extreme drought.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.427-436
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• 2023

In the industry, it is recognized that human activities significantly lead to a large amount of wastewater, mainly due to the increased use of water and energy. As a result, the growing field of wastewater resource technology is getting more attention. The common technology for hydrogen production, water electrolysis, requires purified water, leading to the need for desalination and reprocessing. However, producing hydrogen directly from wastewater could be a more cost-effective option compared to traditional methods. To achieve this, a series of first-principle computational simulations were conducted to assess how waste nutrient ions affect standard electrolysis catalysts. This study focused on understanding the adsorption mechanisms of byproducts related to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis, using Co₃O₄ as a typical non-precious metal catalyst. At the same time, efforts were made to develop a comprehensive free energy prediction model for more accurate predictions of OER results.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2024

Infographics are influential and valuable communication tools for providing information, and can be used for promoting cultural learning resources and cultural tourism destinations. Therefore, this article presents values of using infographics for promoting Patum's culture and tourism in Phrao District, Chiang Mai, Thailand as cultural learning resources and tourist attractions. Employing a research and development approach, this study utilized three distinct instruments: (1) an interview form engaging 40 locals to uncover insights on promoting Patum village, (2) an assessment form evaluated by three arts and design experts, and (3) questionnaires distributed to 92 participants to gauge perceptions and satisfaction. The findings showcased the high quality and appropriateness of the eight infographics. Audiences derived six key values, including acquiring knowledge, fostering the promotion of Patum's culture, festivals, religions and beliefs, deriving aesthetic enjoyment, encouraging cultural tourism, contributing to the education sector, and enhancing comprehension of Patum's history. Participants expressed high satisfaction ($\bar{x}$=4.46) with the infographic use. The developed infographics are usable and valuable information to help audiences recognize Patum cultural learning resources and tourist destinations. They might be further tailored to the recognition of Patum village in the near future, affecting the area's development by increasing local people's incomes through cultural learning resources and tourism activities.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1989

^x As mentioned above, I consider the change of role that is related with Japanese thought of Natural Environmental Conservation, and I divide each part of periods into forest, farmland, open space, urban planning, environmental conservation etc. To summary the content of each period of Natural Environmental Conservation thought is as follows. 1) Previous period before formation(before 1919) In the previous period of Meiji, it could be said that the consciousness of the Natural Environmental Conservation was coming to existence. In this, so called, Natural Environmental Conservation, the thought of Forest Preservation was the main current and it was the thought of territorial integrity for the security of resource, the forestry conservancy and flood control in the forestry farmland. Since the age of Meiji, the theory of Natural Conservation appears from the theory of Japanese landscaping and systematic management about public parks was enforced, but the regular theory of Natural Environmental Conservation did not attain full growth. 2) The period of formation(1919~ 1954) In the period of formation, the base of Natural Environmental Conservation had been established. Parks and Open spaces were admitted as a public facilities in each city, and legislations which supported it had been continuously enacted and so on. In this period, the afforestation counter plan was emphasized on the side of territorial integrity. In the mountainous district. tree planting was emphasized to recover the forest which had been destroied by war. 3) The period of development(1955~ 1974) In the period of development, varied policies was institutionalized for the Natural Environmental Conservation. However, all sorts of development policy had performed simultaneously, thus development had complicated relation with preservation. But after 1970's the framework of system of Natural Environmental Conservation improvement was constituted to control the many kinds of development, and the spontaneous campaign of nature preservation by private lead was being taken root. This is the more progressive period. 4) The pried of root(after 1975) After the latter of 1970's, the role of Natural Environmental Conservation began to take root not in the direction of control but inducement, and, getting out of development - oriented policy, aimed at relation between human being and natural environment and the side of amenity of human environment. Besides, the current of Natural Environmental Conservation had been seperately progressed in the cities and forests. Since this period, it was the character that cities and forests began to be unified as 'amenity'space of man.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-75
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• 1986

This article is to analyse the economic efficiency of capital market, which plays a role of resource allocation in terms of financial claims such as stock and bond. It provides various contributions to the welfare theoretical aspects of modern capital market theory. The key feature that distinguishes the theory described here from traditional welfare theory is the presence of uncertainty. Securities has time dimensions and the state and outcome of the future are really uncertain. This problem resulting from this uncertainty can be solved by complete market, but it has a weak power to explain real stock market. Capital Market is faced with the uncertainity because it is a kind of incomplete market. Individuals and firms in capital market made their consumption-investment decision by their own criteria, i. e. the maximization of expected utility form intertemporal consumption and the maximization of the market value of firm. We noted that allocative decisions that had to be made in the economy could be naturally subdivided into two groups. One set of decisions concerned the allocation of first-period resources among consumption $C_i$, investment in risky firms $I_j$, and riskless investment M. The other decisions concern the distribution among individuals of income available in the second period $Y_i(\theta)$. Corresponing to this grouping, the theoretical analysis of efficiency has also been dichotomized. The optimality of the distribution of output in the second period is distributive efficiency" and the optimality of the allocation of first-period resources is 'the efficiency of investment'. We have found in the distributive efficiency that the conditions for attainability is the same as the conditions for market optimality. The necessary and sufficient conditions for attainability or market optimality is that (1) all utility functions are such that -$\frac{{U_i}^'(Y_i)}{{U_i}^"(Y_i)}={\mu}_i+{\lambda}Y_i$-linear risk tolerance function where the coefficients ${\mu}_i$ and $\lambda$ are independent of $Y_i$, and (2) there are homogeneous expectations, i. e. ${\Large f}_i(\theta)={\Large f}(\theta)$ for every i. On the other hand, the efficiency of investment has disagreement about optimal investment level. The investment level for market rule will not generally lead to Pareto-optimal allocation of investment. This suboptimality is caused by (1)the difference of Diamond's decomposable production function and mean-variance valuation model and (2) the selection of exelusive investment or competitive investment. In conclusion, this article has made an analysis of conditions and processes of Pareto-optimal allocation of resources in capital marker and tried to connect with significant issues in modern finance.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제37호
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• pp.117-144
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 한국 복지국가의 지출변화를 추동하는 요인에 대한 이론적 가설들을 실증적으로 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 한국복지국가 지출결정요인을 분석하는 기존연구들은 종속변수로 사용되는 사회복지지출 자료의 신뢰성, 분석방법의 타당성을 충분히 확보하고 있지 못했다는 한계를 가지고 있다. 또한 분석시기가 1990년대 말까지만을 포괄하고 있어서, 최근의 한국복지국가 변화를 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 1960년 이후부터 2003년까지를 분석에 포함하며, 일관된 기준을 가지고 구축된 '비교 사회정책 데이터(Comparative Social Policy Data set)'를 활용하고, 분석방법으로서 일반화최소제곱(GLS) 방식의 시계열 회귀분석을 사용함으로써 기존 연구의 한계를 극복하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과는 첫째, 구조기능주의, 특히 산업화와 관련된 변수들이 가장 안정적이고 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 둘째, 실업률 변수의 영향은 독점자본주의의 심화를 반영한 결과라기보다는 경제위기 이후 실업의 증가에 대한 정부의 단기적 대응 결과로 해석하는 것이 타당하다. 셋째, 권력자원론 변수인 좌파정치의 한국적 적용은 매우 제한적으로만 타당한 것으로 분석된다. 결론적으로 한국복지국가의 발전에서 진보정치 영향력의 일면이 발견되긴했지만, 보다 정확한 결론을 위해서는 조금 더 관찰이 필요하며, 한국의 복지국가는 산업화론이 적용되는 초보적이고 자동적인 성장으로 특징 지워진다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.253-263
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• 2018

본 논문은 이탈-목소리내기 이론과 밴드웨건 효과, 사회적 태만이론을 이용하여 팀 수준의 갈등관리 참여와 개인수준의 이직 의도간의 비선형 모형을 검증하였다. 또한 팀 수준의 갈등관리와 개인수준의 이직 의도 간 비선형 관계에 더하여, 리더에 대한 신뢰가 이러한 관계에 있어 어떠한 조절효과를 갖는지에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 이러한 두 가지 가설들을 검증하기 위하여 한국의 제조업 회사의 48개 팀에서 331명의 팀원들로부터 한 달 간격으로 데이터를 수집하였다. 검증 결과, 가설 1에서 예측한 것처럼 위계선형모형의 분석결과 팀 수준의 갈등관리 참여와 개인수준의 이직의도간의 비선형관계가 검증되었다. 그러나 가설 2의 예측과는 달리 이 관계에 대한 상사신뢰의 조절효과는 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타나지 않아 가설이 기각되었다. 이 논문은 팀 내부의 상호작용에 따라 개인의 이직의도가 변화할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 이를 통해 갈등관리에 있어서의 팀 수준 관리의 필요성을 강조하였고, 논문의 마지막에 논문의 한계를 논의함과 더불어 미래연구에 대한 제언을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.71-94
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• 2020

Purpose - Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) tend to face a high level of institutional pressures in regions with high institutional development level. When complying with institutional pressures, firms try to make decisions to maximize profit while minimizing the risks to them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the institutional development level on institutional compliance timing by MNEs and the relationship between compliance speed and corporate performance. Design/methodology - The research focuses on three main variables, which are the institutional development level (as a determination of the institutional pressure level), the firm's compliance speed (as a determination of the compliance timing), and the firm's financial performance (as a determination of the corporate performance). We collected 19,869 firm-level data from CSMAR (the China Stock Market and Accounting Research), 6,922 CSR data from RKS (the Rankins CSR Ratings), and province and city-level data from the NERIM (National Economic Research Institute Index of Marketization) and NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China). The firms in China were chosen for analysis, and the analysis period was from 2008 to 2017. Random Effects GLS Regression was used to test the relationships among the variables. Findings - This study examined the effect of the institutional development level on the firm's compliance speed, together with the effect of compliance speed on the firm's financial performance of the MNEs in China. We found that the institutional development level positively influenced firms' financial performances, which means the firms' financial performances are better in the region with a high institutional development level. The compliance speed of institutional practice by firms was faster in the higher level of institutional development. However, the firm's delayed compliance led to better financial performance. Originality/value - Studies in the resource dependence view of Institutional Theory often fall short in understanding the theory by overlooking the firm's active decision-making. Thus, the findings do not present a full scope of corporate performance in this regard. This study not only found a way to test the role of a firm's independent decision-making (i.e., compliance timing) when facing the institutional pressure but also prove the significant role of the compliance timing on corporate performance. Also, we were able to test the effect of institutional development level, controlling location-specific variables because we used CSR performance data for MNEs operating in China. Lastly, by doing the above, the findings of this study suggest practical implications to the industry practitioners in MNEs.

• 한국심리학회지:여성
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.303-329
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• 2011

우리나라는 여성의 교육참여율이 과거 어느 때보다 높은데 비해 인력활용율은 OECD국가 중 최저 수준에 머물고 있다. 이렇게 고학력 여성인력의 활용률이 저조한 원인으로 진로상담영역에서 '진로선택'과 관련된 원인에 주목하였다. 전통적으로 직업을 여성중심 또는 남성 중심 직업으로 분류할 때 아직까지도 많은 여성들이 남성중심 직업을 회피하는 경향이 있으며, 이러한 편중현상을 해소해야만 다양한 인력활용이 가능할 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 남성중심적 직업을 희망하는 여대생들에 대한 질적 연구를 통해 이들의 경험구조 및 직업결정 과정을 밝히고, 그 과정에서 부정적 또는 긍정적으로 작용하는 요인들을 밝혀 여성 진로지도에 활용하고자 하였다. 남성중심적 직업을 선택하며 취업준비중인 대학교 3학년 이상 여학생 8명을 심층면접한 녹음자료를 분석한 결과 총 61개의 개념과 27개의 하위범주, 12개의 범주가 도출되었다. 범주들을 토대로 핵심범주인 '특별한 삶을 위해 의지를 갖고 도전해 나가기'가 도출 되었다. 또한 패러다임 분석을 통해 인과적 조건, 중심현상, 맥락적 조건, 중재적 조건, 작용/상호작용 전략과 결과를 구분하였다. 과정 분석을 통해 기질과 포부 인식 단계, 내적결의 단계, 지지와 수용 단계, 도전과 극복의 순환 단계, 긍정과 확신의 단계로 총 5 단계의 직업결정 과정이 밝혀졌다. 논의에서는 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 후속연구에 대한 제안에 대해 언급하였다.