• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.53-67
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• 2002

As in the past, we are concerned today with the magnitudes of mineral resources and the adequacy of these resources to meet future needs. In looking at global resource issues, we should consider the need for the resource, its supply, and the environmental consequences of using it. The need for a resource can become a resource dependency, specially as the global population expands and each of us becomes Increasingly dependent upon hundreds of natural materials. Therefore, our great mineral consumption makes the human population a true “Geologic Force”, which will be even more significant in the future when the global population is projected to reach alarming proportions. Although our supplies of mineral resources probably will be sufficient for the 21st century, the uneven distribution of minerals in the Earth's crust almost certainly will continue to be a major problem. The most likely result will be major shifts in both prices and sources of supply of many mineral resources. As for energy resources, we must avoid an obsessive dependency on one fuel and expand instead to other energy resources. Finally, because the use of resources affects the environment, we need to focus on resource exploitation and global pollution, particularly in regard to ground water and arable land. We must manage our resources so as to be in balance with our environment. And the accelerated industrialization of South Korean economy over the last three decades has resulted in the mass consumption of mineral commodities. South Korea has around 50 useful mineral commodities for the mineral industry, among 330 kinds of minerals described. The component ratio of the mining industry sector of the gross national production(GNP) in South Korea dropped from 1.2% in 1971 to 0.34% in 1997 due to the rapid growth of other industries in the country. During the period from 1971 to 1997, the average growth rate of mineral consumption in South Korea was 9.13% yearly and that of GMP per capita was 14.97%. The mineral consumptions per capita showed a continual increase during the last 30 years as follows(parenthesis: GW per capita); 0.99 metric tons in 1997($289), 3.83 metric tons in 1989($5, 210), 6.11 metric tons in 1995 ($10, 037), and 6.66 metric tons in 1997($9, 511). The total amount of mineral consumption in South Korea was 33 million tons of 32 mineral commodities in 1971, and 306 million metric tons of 47 mineral commodities in 1997.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2010

This paper reviews three commercial softwares for wind climate data analysis in wind resource assessment; WAsP/Observed Wind Climate, WindRose and Windographer. Windographer is evaluated as the best software because of its variety of input data format, analysis functions, easiness of user interface, etc. For a quantitative understanding of uncertainty depending on software selection, a benchmark is carried out with the met-mast observation dataset at the Gimnyeong Wind Turbine Performance Test Site. It is found that Weibull parameter calculation and air density correction have a dependency on the software so that such uncertainty should be considered when an analysis software is selected. It is confirmed that annual energy production calculated by WAsP using a statistical table of frequency of occurrence may have some error compared to a time-series calculation method used by the other softwares.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.3C
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• pp.226-233
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• 2002

This paper proposes the web robot based on Multi-Agent which the mutual dependency should be minimized each other with dividing the function each to collect Webpage. In result it is written to make a foundation for producing the effective statistics to analyze the domestic webpages and text, multimedia file composition ratio through performance analysis of the implemented system. It is easy that Web robot of the sequential processing method to collect Webpage on the same resource environment produces the limit of collecting performance. So to speak Webpages have "Dead-links" URL which is produced by the temporary host down and instability of network resource. If there are much "Dead-links" URL in the webpages, it takes a lot of time for web robot to collect HTML. The propose of this paper to be proposed, makes the maximum improvement to extract the webpages to process "Dead-links" URL on the Inactive URL scanner Agent.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-22
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• 2013

Government initiatives are continuously being invested to nurture supporting business environment for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), such as government-support ERP systems project for SMEs. As such, scholars need to pay attention to SMEs can successfully adopt and manage government-support ERP systems. This study, therefore, conceptually developed and tested a research model for understanding what factors influence SMEs' intention to adopt government-support ERP systems. We obtained thirty samples from SMEs, which is organizational level, and data were analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) technique. The results of data analysis found that institutional pressure and resource dependence had positive effects on the adoption of government-support ERP systems. On the other hand, risk aversion of SMEs was found to have negative effects to adopt government-support ERP systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.2
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• pp.196-204
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• 1996

This paper presents a new scheduling algorithm, which is the most improtant subtask in the high level synthesis. The proposed algorithm performs scheduling in consideration of resource sharing concept based on characteristics of conditionsla bransches in the intermediate data structure. CDFG (control data flow graph) generated by a VHDL analyzer. This algorithm constructs a conditon graph based on time frame of each operation using both the ASAP and the ALAP scheduling algorithm. The conditon priority is obtained from the condition graph constructed from each conditional brance. The determined condition priority implies the sequential order of transforming the CDFG with conditonal branches into the CDFG without conditional branches. To minimize resource cost, the CDFG with conditional branches are transformed into the CDFG without conditonal brancehs according to the condition priority. Considering the data dependency, the hardware constraints, and the data execution time constraints, each operation in the transformed CDFG is assigned ot control steps. Such assigning of unscheduled operations into contorl steps implies the performance of the scheduling in the consecutive movement of operations. The effectiveness of this algorithm is hsown by the experiment for the benchmark circuits.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.85-100
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• 2014

We propose a composite make or buy decision model considering both the transaction cost theory and the resource based view in the Korean defense industry using System Dynamics. We analyze relationship between core variables(transaction frequency, technological uncertainty, the level of technological dependency, technological level and acquisition ability for market information) and 'Make or Buy decision' focused on technological innovation capability. Based on the result, we propose the implications as follows : First, the defence industry needs more R&D investment. Second, it needs a balance between domestic(Make) and overseas(Buy) to increase the technological capability rapidly.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.107-120
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• 2019

Crude oil is a resource that is being used as a raw material in major industries, representing the price of the raw material market. It is also an important element that affects the shipping market in terms of fuel costs for freight vessels. As a result, crude oil and freight rates are closely related. Therefore, from January 2009 to June 2019, this study analyzed the dependency structure between oil price (WTI) and freight rates (BDI, BCI, BPI, BSI, and BHI) using daily data. The main results are summarized as follows. First, according to the copula results, survival Gumbel copula in WTI-BDI, Clayton copula in WTI-BCI, Survival Joe copula in WTI-BPI, Joe copula in WTI-BSI, and survival Gumbel copula in WTI-BHI were selected as the best-fitted model. Second, looking at Kendall's tau correlation, there is a positive correlation between BDI and oil price. Furthermore, freight rate index (BCI, BPI, BSI) and oil price show positive dependencies. In particular, the strongest dependence was found in BCI and oil price returns. However, BHI and oil price show a negative dependency. Third, looking at the tail-dependency structure, a pair between oil price and BDI, BCI showed a lower tail-dependency. The pair between oil price and BSI showed the upper tail-dependency.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 2003

There is a growing trend in developing system for distributed mobile system that supports services - job flow management, video conference, replicated data management and resource allocation. Supporting these services, applications have to use causally ordered message delivery. Previous proposals that provide causally ordered message delivery have problems such as communication overhead, message delaying, scalability, computing overload of mobile host. In this paper, we proposed efficient protocol for causally ordered message delivery using the methods that MSS maintains dependency information matrix between MSS and MH, Piggybacking dependency information about each immediate predecessor message. Proposed algorithm, when compared with previous proposals, provides a low message overhead, and low probability of unnecessary inhibition in delivering messages. Also, it consider resource restriction of MH and low bandwidth of wireless communication by computing most of algorithm at MSS, and reduce processing delay by executing causally ordered message delivery a unit of MH.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Farmland transaction prices are affected by various factors such as politics, society, and the economy. The purpose of this study is to identify multiple factors that affect the farmland transaction price due to changes in the actual transaction price of farmland by farmland unit from 2016 to 2020. There are several previous studies analyzed the determinants of farmland transaction prices by considering spatial dependency. However, in the case of land transactions where the time and space of the transaction affect simultaneously, if only spatial dependence is considered, there is a limitation in that it cannot reflect spatial dependence that occurs over time. In order to solve these limitations, To address these limitations, this study builds a spatio-temporal autoregressive model that simultaneously considers spatial and temporal dependencies using farmland transactions in Jinju City as an example. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that there was significant spatio-temporal dependence in farmland transactions within the previous 30 days. This means that if the previous farmland transaction was carried out at a high price, it has a spatio-temporal spillover effect that indirectly affects the increase in the price of other nearby farmland transactions. The study also found that various location attributes and socioeconomic attributes have a significant impact on farmland transaction prices. The spatio-temporal autoregressive model of farmland prices constructed in this study can be used to improve the prediction accuracy of farmland prices in the farmland transaction market in the future, and it is expected to be useful in drawing policy implications for stabilizing farmland prices

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.251-259
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• 1998

Currently a hot potato in industries is to reduce the lifecycle of product and maximize the time-to-market benefits. A lot of methodologies and the concrete systems are in use for performing this function. One of these systems is that process are reconstructed by BPR and systems are implemented by PDM. First of all, th analyses of existing product, process and resource data must be preceded. New process is established on the basis of the analyzed information of a company and PDM implements the new process in the company. The consecutive activities like this provide the basic environment for CIM. However, the current system have been developed on the favor of a big company. There are many problems in applying it too a mid-sized company. A lot of function in a PDM tool is not necessary for the mid-sized CIM characteristic. The purpose of this study is to define the ROPP information model that is an appropriate information integration for a design process. The model shows an associated complicated information of a company effectively. Also the modeler makes it possible to manage consistently the constraints of design process on the basis of the analysis of dependency among each resource.