• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.269-270
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• 2009

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

In order to reduce the accidents occurring at construction sites, it is necessary to approach with harmonious measures considering various aspects such as systems, training, facilities, and protection equipments. Suggestion of safe construction method can be a good alternative. In the previous study, the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel was proposed as an alternative method for safe bridge deck construction, and the performance required by the design code was verified through a four-point bending test. But the actual bridge deck is subjected to the repetitive action of the wheel load rather than the bending condition due to the four-point load. In this study, fatigue test was performed by repeating the wheel load $2{\times}10^6$ cycles to verify the safety of the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel under actual conditions. As a result, fatigue effect due to repetition of wheel load was not significant in terms of serviceability such as crack width and deflection. In the residual strength test conducted after the fatigue test, the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel failed by punching shear which is typical failure mode of bridge decks and the residual strength was similar to the punching strength of the RC and PSC bridge decks in spite of the fatigue effects.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.675-683
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• 2011

구조물의 우발적인 붕괴가 발생할 경우, 기둥 또는 기둥군(群)에 낙하물에 의한 충격이 가해지게 된다. 낙하물의 충격하중은 기둥부재의 하중변형관계에 따라 소성변형에너지로 흡수가 가능하다. 진행성 붕괴를 방지하기 위해서는 기둥부재의 에너지 흡수 능력이 상시지지 하는 연직하중과 낙하물의 충격하중을 합한 연직하중보다 커야 한다. 이를 위해 구조물이 최종 붕괴 상태에 도달되는 전 과정에 대한 기둥부재의 하중변형관계를 명확히 파악할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 1층 4경간 평면철골프레임의 비선형유한요소해석을 실시하여 기둥부재의 우발적 손실에 대한 에너지 흡수 능력을 평가하였다. 또한, 극한해석을 실시하여 연직하중의 저하 정도를 비교 검토하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2017

The improved movable weir supplements the advantages and disadvantages of the rubber weir and the conduction gate. It consists of a stainless steel gate, air bags, and a steel clamping plate. The stainless steel gate is the main body of the weir, and the inflatable rubber sheet serves to support the steel gate. The steel clamping plate is typically in direct continuous contact with water, but this leads to corrosion issues that can reduce the life of the entire movable weir. In this study, a panel-type glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) clamping plate was designed and fabricated. The test results showed that the flexural load of the panel-type GFRP composite clamping plate was over twice that of the wings type GFRP clamping plate. The lowest moisture absorption value was obtained upon exposure to tap water, and exposure to other solutions showed similar values. Additionally, flexural load testing after exposure to an accelerated environment found the lowest residual loads of 80.51 % and 78.50 % at 50 and 100 days, respectively, for exposure to a $CaCl_2$ solution, while exposure to other environments showed residual failure loads of over 80 % at both 50 and 100 days.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.237-242
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• 2001

Residual stress is a dominant obstacle to efficient production and safe usage of products by reducing the mechanical strength and failure properties. Especially, it causes interfacial failure and substrate deflection in the case of thin film. So, the exact evaluation and optimum control of thin film residual stress is indispensable. However, hole drilling or X-ray diffraction techniques have some limits in application to thin film. And, curvature technique for thin film materials cannot give the information about local stress variation. Therefore, we applied the nanoindentation technique in evaluating the thin film residual stress. In this study, we modeled the change of indentation loading curve for residually stressed and stress-free thin films during stress relaxation. The value of residual stress was directly related to the indentation depth change by relaxation. The residual stress from nanoindentation analysis was consistent with the result from curvature technique.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.485-507
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• 2018

Concrete-Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are an increasingly popular means to support great compressive loads in buildings. The residual strength capacity of CFST stub columns may be utilized to assess the potential damage caused by fire and calculate the structural fire protection for least post-fire repair. Ten specimens under room conditions and 10 specimens under fire exposure to the Eurocode smouldering slow-growth fire were tested to examine the effects of diameter to thickness D/t ratio and reinforcing bars on residual strength capacity, ductility and stiffness of CFST stub columns. On the other hand, in sixteen among the twenty specimens, three or six reinforcing bars were welded inside the steel tube. The longitudinal strains in the steel tube and load-displacement relationships were recorded throughout the subsequent compressive tests. Corresponding values of residual strength capacity calculated using AISC 360-10 and EC4 standards are presented for comparison purposes with the experimental results of this study. The test results showed that after exposure to $750^{\circ}C$, the residual strength capacity increased for all specimens, while the ductility and stiffness were slightly decreased. The comparison results showed that the predicted residual strength using EC4 were close to those obtained experimentally in this research.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.306-314
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• 2006

가동 중인 설비 및 대형 구조물은 장시간 사용, 고온 환경 및 반복되는 하중 등의 영향으로 설비재료의 교체 및 유지 보수가 요구된다. 이때 설비의 기계적 특성을 평가하는 것은 필수 불가결한 요소 이지만 대부분의 물성평가방법이 파괴적이기 때문에 가동 중인 설비에 직접 적용하는 것은 상당한 어려움이 따른다. 그러나 계장화 압입시험법은 다양한 기계적인 특성을 비파괴적으로 측정하는 최신기술로서 재료에 하중 인가 및 제거 과정 중 하중과 변위를 연속적으로 측정하여 획득된 압입하중-변위곡선의 분석을 통해 유동물성, 잔류응력, 파괴인성 등의 기계적 특성을 평가 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 계장화 압입시험을 이용하여 철강재료 및 용접부 유동물성과 잔류응력을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 계장화 압입시험 시 발생하는 압입자 하부의 응력 상태를 고려하여 유동응력과 변형률을 정의하고, 이를 최적화된 응력-변형률 구성방정식을 통해 유동곡선 및 항복강도, 인장강도 등의 유동물성을 평가 하였다. 계장화 압입시험을 이용하여 잔류응력을 측정하기 위해 소성변형과 직접 관련된 편차 응력 성분만으로 압입변형과 잔류응력 간의 상호작용을 분석하여 잔류응력 모델을 정의하였다. 측정된 유동물성은 일축인장시험의 결과를 통해 그 정확성을 검증하였고, 잔류응력은 홀-드릴링, 절단법 및 ED-XRD 시험과 비교하여 그 모델을 검증하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.10-19
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• 1984

The $3{\times}3{\times}30$ ($cm^3$) sized lumbers of Populus alba-grandulosa L. were treated with four fire-retardant solutions of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and aluminium chloride for 1, 15, 30, and 60 minutes and 1, 3, and 7 days. Thereafter they were air-dried and burned at high temperature about $1,800^{\circ}C$ and for short time of five minutes. This study estimated the relationship between absorbed chemical amounts and rate of weight loss or residual bending strength of these burned lumbers. The results were as follows: 1) In absorption amount of fire-retardant chemicals, diammonium phosphate showed the largest, aluminium chloride the smallest, but monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate showed similar level. 2) The absorption amount of chemicals was decreased with the increase of specific gravity in the same species except aluminium chloride. 3) The rate of weight loss was decreased as the absorption amount of chemicals increased, especially monoammonium phosphate was most effective. 4) The MOR value of the residual bending strength was increased as the absorption amount of chemicals increased and especially monoammonium phosphate showed the most efficient effect. 5) Aluminium chloride showed more striking increase of MOR value of residual bending strength with the increase of absorption amount than any other chemical, therefore its MOR value was similar to the maximum MOR value of the most effective monoammonium phosphate. 6) The correlation between weight loss and MOR value of the residual bending strength was negative and aluminium chloride showed the most striking negative relation, but the others showed similar trends. 7) The correlation between work to proportional limit and absorption amount of chemicals was positive and the degree of increase in work to proportional limit was most in aluminium chloride, and the next, in monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate in turn. 8) The correlation between work to maximum load and absorption amount of chemicals showed positive and diammonium phosphate revealed the best result and aluminium chloride showed better results than other two chemicals.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2001

건조 후 수행하는 수압시험 또는 화물의 적재 등과 같은 정하중은 파랑변동하중에 비하여 선체구조물에 상당히 큰 응력을 유발한다. 이러한 정하중이력에 의하여, 선체구조물의 응력집중으로 인해 피로강도가 문제되는 용접이음부에서는, 재료의 탄소성 거동에 의하여 초기용접잔류응력이 상당히 이완될 것으로 예상된다. 따라서, 이러한 용접이음부의 피로강도를 평가할 때에는 이완된 잔류응력의 영향을 고려하는 것이 보다 합리적이다. 본 연구에서는 선체구조물의 여러 가지 용접형태 중 Padding plate가 용접된 형태에 대하여 정하중이력($0.5{\sigma}Y,\;0.85{\sigma}Y$)에 의한 초기 용접잔류응력의 변화를 측정하며, 잔류응력의 변화가 피로강도에 미치는 영향을 검토한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.531-543
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• 2023

The existing concrete bridges are time-varying working systems, where the maintenance strategy should be planned according to the time-varying performance of the bridge. This work proposes a time-dependent residual capacity assessment procedure, which considers the non-stationary bridge load effects under growing traffic and non-stationary structural deterioration owing to material degradations. Lifetime bridge load effects under traffic growth are predicated by the non-stationary peaks-over-threshold (POT) method using time-dependent generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) models. The non-stationary structural resistance owing to material degradation is modeled by incorporating the Gamma deterioration process and field inspection data. A three-span continuous box-girder bridge is illustrated as an example to demonstrate the application of the proposed procedure, and the time-varying reliability indexes of the bridge girder are calculated. The accuracy of the proposed non-stationary POT method is verified through numerical examples, where the shape parameter of the time-varying GPD model is constant but the threshold and scale parameters are polynomial functions increasing with time. The case study illustrates that the residual flexural capacities show a degradation trend from a slow decrease to an accelerated decrease under traffic growth and material degradation. The reliability index for the mid-span cross-section reduces from 4.91 to 4.55 after being in service for 100 years, and the value is from 4.96 to 4.75 for the mid-support cross-section. The studied bridge shows no safety risk under traffic growth and structural deterioration owing to its high design safety reserve. However, applying the proposed numerical approach to analyze the degradation of residual bearing capacity for bridge structures with low safety reserves is of great significance for management and maintenance.