• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.893-910
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• 2015

Earthquake safety of existing buildings has gained considerable importance after earthquakes which have occurred in our country especially in the last 30 years. Performance based assessment methods have been widely used for existing reinforced concrete structures. This study aims to investigate the earthquake performances of the building stock located in Van Lake basin in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. The case study of buildings has been modeled on and the structural performances have been determined by employing the non-linear methods described in the latest Turkish Earthquake Code published in 2007. The Van lake basin is located on the very seismically active in a region. On October 23, 2011, a magnitude of Mw 7.2 earthquake struck the Van province in eastern Turkey. The earthquake ground motion was recorded as about 0.1g in Bitlis province. Performance evaluations have been performed by taking samples from each district consisting urban building stocks of Bitlis. A total of 16 reinforced concrete buildings have been evaluated. Among them, 53% of those buildings were determined in the Fully Operational performance level; 13% of them in the Life Safety performance and 34% of them could not be evaluated because of the ratio of the effective mass of first mode to the total mass of the buildings was smaller than 0.70. Therefore, incremental equivalent seismic load methods, which are a part of Turkish Earthquake Code -2007, cannot be used.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Purpose: The balcony in the apartment is important space not only as a fire escape but also as a buffer for heat and sound insulation. However, with the legalization of balcony expansion for residential apartments in Korea in 2006, many households have eliminated the balcony space altogether to increase the inner space, often without sufficient consideration for the effects on the indoor environment. This study examined the sound insulation performance of exterior-facing windows in enclosed balconies and the changes in the indoor acoustic environment due to expansion to provide a basis for appropriate balcony expansion. The apartments for the field test were chosen where two balcony types can be compared, and the sound insulation performance for the eighteen balcony windows was measured. The windows installed were typical double window with thickness 16 mm or 22 mm. Measurements of the weighted standard sound pressure level difference showed a decrease of about 3 dB in sound insulation performance due to expansion. For common exterior noise levels of 70-85 dB(A), the indoor noise level can exceed 45 dB(A), the limit level regulated in Korea. However, it was found that the sound insulation performance of the window and the quality of the construction have more influence on indoor noise levels than balcony expansion itself.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2010

Natural ventilation is major strategy of 'sustainable building'. It aims to supply fresh air to the indoor, and to remove heat from the indoor during summer. In the latter point of view, natural ventilation can be grouped into two main strategies, daytime ventilation and night cooing. If we take advantage of these two natural ventilation strategies, indoor thermal comfort can be significantly improved. This study focused on grasping the current situation and problem of indoor thermal comfort of the naturally ventilated residential buildings to seek for direction of later studies. Additionally, thermal comfort of residence where the interior blind and exterior insulation were applied was analyzed. It was analyzed that the percentage of the time which satisfy the indoor acceptable operative temperature during summer was 90 ~ 95% and the heat control performance of natural ventilation has a limitation. When the interior blind and exterior insulation were applied, indoor thermal comfort was significantly improved. However, it still need more improvement.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.51-56
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• 2010

The sound insulation performance is one of the important factor that determined the amenity of housing life in residential building. Especially, Apartment house represents a korea habitation. So the importance of privacy and noise problems between habitable rooms are emphasized in these habitation. This study investigates and find a problem of sound insulation performance of partition wall of the apartment house in current state. The measurements were carried out in apartment house with and without a stair hall. And the measurements also carried out in current state and installing a sound absorbing material in receiving room and changing a front door and installing a inner door. In spite of the same partition wall, difference results were showed according to the stair hall. It is appeared that sound insulation performance without stair hall is 6-7dB(Dw) higher than that with stair hall. In case of without stair hall, sound insulation performance is Dw 49 for single number quantity for airbone sound. And In case of changing a front door and installing a inner door sound insulation performance is Dw 57 for single number quantity for airbone sound. The Results of measuring on the changes a front door and installed a inner door indicated that the flanking sound through front door influenced the sound insulation performance.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.87-100
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• 2010

The energy efficient design of the multiple stock housing is very important not only to save energy but also to increase sustainability in a whole city because the multiple stock housing type is dominated in the major residential supply markets in Korea. During the early design phase of the multiple stock housing type, the architect need convenient and accurate tools for evaluating energy consumptions based on building types rapidly. Building Information Modeling(BIM) is introduced as useful tool systems providing interoperability between 3rd dimensional modeling tools and environmental engineering analysis tools, and could reduce time and cost for unnecessary modeling works in the analysis. However, it is still hard to apply to building design practice and integrated energy simulation techniques because interoperability using industrial standard file formats such as IFC and bXML is still underdeveloped. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to perform the building energy simulations, to compare the results on typical building types in multiple stock housing based on BIM, and to clear the problems using industrial standard file formats between 3rd dimensional modeling and building energy simulation software. In addition, through comparisons with simulation results according to the typical building types such as building forms, orientations, and building stories, the interrelation ship and characteristics of BIM based building energy simulation software are analysed and evaluated.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2014

Current supervision systems have been changed by the demands of social, physical and institutional environment, and have a role of preventing safety accident and in improving the construct ability through the analysis of issues in quality, time, construction, safety, and environmental management. The public sector "Construction Technology Management Act", a general and private sector "Building Act" and "Certified Architects Act", the residential building "Housing Act" are dealt with supervision systems, respectively, but private small building construction is excluded from the discussion of the main targets because of their relatively small scale and the lack of social interests, Thus, this study focused on the small buildings for improving the non-resident supervision systems. Survey results revealed that the non-resident supervisor needs to be selected not by clients but by officers in order to obtain its publicity. Based on the proper selection and execution of the supervision system suggested in this study, the potential effects can be summarized as 1) recovering of publicity, 2) correcting abnormal practice, and 3) realizing design intention for increasing the public value of buildings. In addition, findings in this study will be effective to amend current non-resident supervision systems for improving the quality of buildings and communities as well as for adopting the environmental-friendly energy-efficient smart building technologies.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.83-91
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• 2013

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. It is specifically proposed that the changing trends of rooftop surface temperature in the flat roof building model could be used effectively as an indicator to reduced cooling load reduced by cool roof since it can present stable temperature record, that is not influenced according to the nearby physical as well as human variables. The temperature of cool roof in summer was lower around $20^{\circ}C$, compared to the general roofs. Such a seasonal or daily comparative study for rooftop temperature in the building model will highlight that the cool roof efficiency could be calculated in much area-wide context according to rooftop color distribution in urban residential area. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in identifying energy saving by cool roof since an objective monitoring has been proposed based on the rooftop temperature in the building model, fully quantitative performance of thermal infrared image.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2020

Smart homes have become the state of the art in the reduction and monitoring of energy usage within a residential setting. Emerging threats such as climate change, global warming and volatility in energy prices have fuelled the interest in smart systems. Given that environmental sustainability has become a more significant factor for consumers, this research examines whether consumers' attitudes toward smart home services for efficient energy management differ according to their regulatory focus. Specifically, it is predicted that consumers will have more favorable attitudes toward smart home services for efficient energy management when they are promotion-focused (vs. prevention-focused). The results indicate that respondents with a promotion (vs. prevention) focus reported significantly more favorable attitudes toward smart home services for energy management (e.g., smart cooling/heating system, smart ventilation & air conditioning system, smart thermostats, smart plugs, and smart switches). We suggest that regulatory focus may be an effective marketing and segmentation tool in promoting smart home services for energy management and facilitating their receptiveness to the services.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to look into the question-What kind of factors, among various influencing factors of temple architecture, change the development of villages with their its relationships to the temple. For the study, the villages located around a temple site with special geographic characteristics were chosen. It was analyzed and generalized what kind of social factors were chosen and applied to the design of residential buildings in those villages. The characteristics of the buildings in the villages that have relationships with the temple appeared to be as follows; Financial factor of the temple, rather than religious influences of it, appeared to influence strongly over the forms of building and the spaces of village. The village which formed along a new entrance axis to the temple were transformed to have a spatial organization along with added sightseeing and commercial functions. The villages have different spatial structures depending on their land uses. In short, the form of entrance axis to the temple has changed the economical dependence of villages on the temple, and becomes the major factor of transforming the spatial organization of the villages.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2007

The paper aims to highlight residents' preference of park close to industrial area in Seo-gu, Daegu City. Questionnaire survey was the main research method for the study from June to August last year. There were 2 survey questionnaires, one is for satisfaction degree regarding residents' general park use and the other is especially for vest-pocket use. For the research, 150 questionnaires were surveyed for each park users(total 300 questionnaires) and 270 questionnaires are used for the statistical analysis. The analysis showed that small vest pocket sized park was the proper model for close to industrial area. The majority residents preferred small park close to a residential area, also 77% of residents who use vest-pocket park replied that they live within 10 minute walking distance from there. In the case of Seo-gu, there were several small vest pocket sized parks which can satisfy the residents' preference. Therefore the plan which utilize them positively is necessary.